1. GreenComputing
By: Vaibhav D. Sawant
Roll No: 35

2. Research Paper Referred
Green Computing
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New Horizon of Energy Efficiency and E-Waste Minimisation
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World Perspective vis-à-vis Indian Scenario
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By Sanghita Roy and Manigrib Bag

3. What is green computing?
The study and practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of
computers, servers, and associated subsystems—such as
monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems—
efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment.
Or to be simply put…
Green computing is the environmentally responsible use of computers
and related resources.

4. What is green computing?
 It is also known as green IT
 Green computing is "Where organizations adopt a policy of ensuring that the setup
and operations of Information Technology produces the minimal carbon footprint"
 Key issues are energy efficiency in computing and promoting environmentally
friendly computer technologies.

5. About Green Computing
Origins:
 In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched
Energy Star, a voluntary labeling program that is designed to
promote and recognize energy-efficiency in monitors, climate
control equipment, and other technologies. This resulted in the
widespread adoption of sleep mode among consumer
electronics.

6. WHY GREEN COMPUTING AND
WHY GO GREEN
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A. Need
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Newton’s Third Law of Motion states that ―For every action, there is an
equal and opposite reaction.‖, similarly the consumption of energy
sources has a negative reaction on the environment.
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The various departments of the IT sectors are continuously using a
large amount of power and consequently regular cooling energy is
needed to counteract this power usage. It can be an endless circle of
energy waste. Hence, the three main reasons that made us realize the
need for going green are
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1. Release of harmful gases from electronics.
2. More utilization of power and money.
3. Increase of E-waste and improper standalone pc’s disposals.

7. WHY GREEN COMPUTING AND
WHY GO GREEN
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B. Motivation and approaches
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The biggest problem arising out of the new generation PC’s is that most
of them are run underutilized and then after some time are changed
with a new one.
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Today’s PC’s are so powerful that they use only a small amount of their
capacity. A single PC generates more heat than a 100 watt bulb.
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Schools, colleges and offices using PC generally keep them in an air
conditioned room.
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According to IDC research quoted by VMware on their green
computing site, the lack of server consolidation using virtualization costs
American businesses more than $140 Billion dollars, with more than 20
million servers producing more than 80 million tons of CO2 per year.

8. WHY GREEN COMPUTING AND
WHY GO GREEN
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B. Motivation and approaches
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Those figures claim to represent more CO2 emissions than the country
of Thailand and more than half of all the countries in South America.
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A typical desktop PC with a 17-inch LCD monitor requires about 145
watts—110 watts for the computer and 35 watts for the monitor. If
left on 24x7 for one year, this same computer will consume 1,270
kilowatt hours of electricity—that’s enough to release 1,715 pounds of
carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and the equivalent of driving 1,886
miles in the average car!.

10. Approaches to Green
Computing
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Virtualization
Algorithm Efficiency
Power Management
Power Supply
Display
Storage
Material Recycling
Telecommuting

11. Computer virtualization is the process of running two or more
logical computer system on one set of physical hardware.

12. Virtualization
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Virtual Servers reduce servers energy consumption
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Replacing blade servers in data centre's with virtual servers resulted in
75% reduction in energy usage.

13. Algorithmic efficiency
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The efficiency of algorithms has an impact on the amount of computer
resources required for any given computing function and there are
many efficiency trade-offs in writing programs.
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Algorithm changes, such as switching from a slow (e.g. linear) search
algorithm to a fast (e.g. hashed or indexed) search algorithm can
reduce resource usage for a given task from substantial to close to
zero.
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A study by a physicist at Harvard, estimated that the average Google
search released 7 grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂)

14. Power Management
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ACPI allows an operating system to directly control the power saving
aspects of its underlying hardware.
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Power managements for computer system are desired for many
reasons, particularly:
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Prolong battery life for portable and embedded systems
Reduce cooling requirements
Reduce operating costs for energy and cooling

15. Power Supply
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Climate savers computing initiative promotes energy saving and
reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by encouraging development
and use of more efficient power supplies.
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Desktop computer power supplies (PSUs) are in general 70–75%
efficient, dissipating the remaining energy as heat.
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A certification program called 80 Plus certifies PSUs that are at least
80% efficient; typically these models are drop-in replacements for older,
less efficient PSUs of the same form factor.
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As of July 20, 2007, all new Energy Star 4.0-certified desktop PSUs
must be at least 80% efficient.

16. Displays
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LCD monitors typically use a cold-cathode fluorescent bulb to provide
light for the display.
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Some newer displays use an array of light emitting diodes(LEDs) in
place of the fluorescent bulb which reduces the amount of electricity
used by the display.
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LCD monitors uses three times less when active and ten times less
energy when in sleep mode.

17. Video Card
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A fast GPU may be the largest power consumer in a computer.
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Energy efficient display option include;
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No video card- Use a share terminal, shared thing client or desktop
sharing software if display required
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Use motherboard video output
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Select a GPU based on average wattage or performance per watt

18. Storage
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There are three versions of hard disks available, all of which vary in
cost, performance and capacity.
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Example, Desktop hard drive, Laptop hard drive, and Solid state drive

19. Telecommuting
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Telecommuting is working from a different location using
computers, telephones, etc. rather than commuting by car or other
mode of transportation to and from a work site.
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Benefits the environment in many ways, from preserving the
environment to conserving energy.
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One way to cut back on business usage of non-renewable resources is
by allowing their employees to work from home.
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Teleconferencing technologies are often applied in the green computing
plan.

20. Advantages
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Increased worker satisfaction
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Reduction of greenhouse gas release in terms of traveling
(resulting from lower overhead costs for office space, heat, lighting, etc.)
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Increased profit limitations
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Savings in average annual energy consumption

21. Material Recycling
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This is done by finding another use for the older system
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Donation
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Recycling the parts that can be reused and/or disposed of properly
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Recycling not only whole parts, but computer parts as well
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The amount of electronic waste that leaks out into our landfills is
reduced by using computer recycling facilities.

22. GO GREEN !

23. Thank You.