Point of Care Devices ,Mobile Apps and Augmented Reality in Diabetes Care

1. Application of Point of Care Devices,
Mobile Apps & Augmented Reality in
Cardio Diabetes Management
~Vinaytosh Mishra
B-Tech (ECE) ,IIT(BHU)
MBA,IMNU,Ahmedabad
PG Diploma in Statistics & Computing ,Institute of Science ,BHU
Specialization in Digital Marketing ,University of Illinois ,Urbana Champaign ,USA

2. Agenda
• Point of Care Devices
– Ecosystem
– Trends & Examples
• Glucose Sensors & Insulin Devices
• Mobile Application
– Information provider
– Keeping Track of goals
– Social Sharing
• Future Technologies
– Augmented Reality
– Technology Adaptation in Healthcare

3. Living With Diabetes
………Made Easy !
Diabetes
Care
POC Tech
Wireless
Tech.
Wearable
Tech.
Big Data
Social
Sharing
Break
Through
Tech.
DiabetesTechnologyLandscape

4. Point of Care Technology
• Diabetes is a multisystem disease requiring complex management
provided by a variety health care professionals (HCPs).
• Assessing modifiable risk factors for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases
prior to the onset of disease could allow effective prevention initiatives.
• Equally, monitoring in diabetic people glucose, hemoglobin A1c, ketones,
lipid profiles, and urinary micro albumin concentrations allows the
prevention, early detection, and treatment of diabetes-related acute and
chronic complications and has a positive impact on the process of care in
the management of patients with diabetes.
• The point-of-care testing (PoCT) technology offers convenient aspects:
immediate results, decision-making without the need for repeated visits.

5. POC Ecosystem

6. ASSURED Guidelines for POCT
• Affordable – for those at risk of infection
• Sensitive – minimal false negatives
• Specific – minimal false positives
• User-friendly – minimal steps to carry out
test
• Rapid & Robust – short turnaround time
and no need for refrigerated storage
• Equipment-free – no complex equipment
• Delivered – to end users

7. Trends & Common Use
Educational Background
of Testing Professionals
Common Use:
•Glucose Monitoring
•Activated Clotting time
for high dose heparin
monitoring
•Urine Dipstick
•Hemoglobin A1c
•Lipid
•Cardiac Markers
•Drug Toxicology
• Coagulation for
hemostasis assessment
(TEG)
•D dimer for
thromboembolism

8. Glucometers
Advantages:
– A Blood Glucose Meter comes with
the following advantages, portable
and convenient, yet inexpensive
– Testing time (only 3 – 60 secs
depending on different models) can
be a life saver during an emergency
• Disadvantages:
– Accuracy is a concern as it can be
false positive to hypoglycemia (low
blood glucose)
– Immediate measurement to
hypoglycemia may seem higher
than hyperglycemia (high blood
sugar) which makes it less useful.
– some models cannot perform test
without light.

9. Smart Meter
All in one
glucometer
Storage for Strips ,
no requirement for
battery
Easy Integration with
mobile, easy share of
data

10. Meter Magic
-This is based on Pepex's
proprietary Conductive Composite
Monofilaments (CCM) for detecting
blood glucose levels -- electrochemical
biosensors inside the cartridge that are
composed of single strands of fiber
about the diameter of a human hair
• -Meters will not only be easier to use
but will also lead to improved meter
accuracy simply because user-error
wouldn't be as common with these
products
- The company plans to integrate it with
insulin reservoir so that it can work as
insulin pump also.

11. Continuous Glucose Monitoring
• Advance CGM System is a non-
invasive (needle-free), wireless,
continuous glucose monitoring system
designed to provide accurate, real-
time blood glucose data conveniently
and continuously.
• Incorporates a skin permeation
device, a transdermal sensor, wireless
transceiver and data display
technologies.
• All existing FDA-approved continuous
glucose monitoring systems are
needle-based, requiring insertion of a
glucose sensor into the patient's skin,
which gives rise to risks of infection,
inflammation or bleeding at the
insertion site.
• Being non- invasive, new technologies
does not give rise to the risks or
discomfort associated with needle-
based CGM systems.

12. DIABETIC TEMPORARY TATTOOS
•
The devices work using non-
invasive technology that’s
embedded in the tattoo
itself.
• A pair of precisely patterned
electrodes are printed onto
the temporary tattoo paper,
which is applied to the skin
and applies a very mild
electrical current.
• This process enables tiny
sensors on the tattoo to
detect glucose levels and
output the data.
“A temporary
tattoo that could
replace pin-prick
blood tests for
diabetic children”.

13. MobileAppsinDiabetes
Gadget Blindness

14. MySugar
• MySugr's Companion
app acts as a diabetes
logbook, but also
gamifies the
experience.
• Along with feedback
and motivation, you win
points for every entry,
and challenges help you
reach personal goals
• Price: Free
• Available
or iOS and Android

15. Glucose Buddy
• Glucose Buddy is a data
storage app through
which users can track
glucose numbers,
carbohydrates, insulin
dosages and physical
activities.
• An added bonus is users
can view this data at any
time though their online
accounts.
• Price: Free
• Available
for iOS and Android.

16. Diabetes Pal
• Telcare's second
iteration of its Diabetes
Pal app is similar to
mySugr and Glucose
Buddy as far as tracking
features go, but it also
allows users to log blood
pressure, weight and
sleep duration, as well as
add notes.
• The redesigned
interface provides
extremely visual charts
and graphs as well.
• Price: Free
• Available
for iOS and Android.

17. Med Simple
• Electronic monitoring
identified poor compliers
for interventions that
improved adherence (61–
79%; P < 0.05).
-Diabetes Care May 2004 vol.
27no. 5 1218-1224
• The MedSimple app, helps
users track medications
and set up reminders
• Price: Free
• Available
for iOS and Android.

18. Fitter fitness calculator
• The Fitter fitness calculator
helps you stay active, track
your weight, calculate your
body mass index and set
goals – which you can see
just by looking the app's
icon.
• Your data is stored in the
cloud, and you can also
share your progress on
social media.
• Price: Free
• Available on iOS.

19. FUTURETECHNOLOGIES

20. Augmented Reality
Augmented Reality (AR) is an area of research that aims
to enhance the real world by overlaying computer-
generated data on top of it. Azuma (Azuma, 1997)
identifies three key characteristics of AR systems:
(1) mixing virtual images with the real world
(2) three-dimensional registration of digital data
(3) interactivity in real time.
AR has been imagined a thousand times in fiction because
of its unparalleled potential in applications ranging from
industrial and commercial projects, to education, to
creative storytelling, to medical imaging. Google discontinued the product in Jan 2015
but files a new application with Federal
Communication Department in Dec 2015.

21. Use of Augmented Reality
in Diabetes
• The Google Glass has made it possible to provide integrated health care service using
concept of Augmented Reality.
• With the applications for Google Glass, doctors can access patient records, check live patient
vitals, collaborate by sharing what they are viewing with other doctors and record video or
take pictures (Scientist, 2014).
• The Google Glass based applications can be useful in Pharmacy Benefit Management (PBM).
PBM happens to be a part of an integrated healthcare system. Augmented Reality with use of
Google Glass based applications can help make PBM more efficient. Patients wearing Google
Glass and having an app installed on the device can get reminders on taking drugs.
• The app can also offer information on drug overdose and its effects. What’s more, the app
can also recommend a diet depending on a person’s health condition
(HealthtechEvent,,2014).
• One more application helps in educate patients in a new way. It uses the camera display for
simulating the impact of specific conditions on a person’s vision (HealthtechEvent, 2014).
Similar, apps can be used to educate a diabetic patient by simulating effect of specific
conditions and their impact on various organ of the body.
• In United States the maker of similar type of Glass based app claims that more than 300
physicians have already opted to use the app. The app is currently available for free, but the
company may charge a fee in the near future.

22. User Readiness for
The technologies
“ Are we ready for
technologies like
Augmented
Reality in
Healthcare ?”.
“To help me answering this
question Bass Diffusion Model
comes to rescue”.

23. Bass Diffusion Model

24. Technology Adaptation
in Healthcare