i am wasi from university of malakand pakistan

1. WASI ULLAH
BS CHEMISTRY
8TH SEMESTER
SESSION 2015-19

2. CATALYSIS
1) Specific Acid-catalysis
2) General Acid-catalysis

3. What is catalysis?
The substance that alter the rate of reaction but
itself remain chemically unchanged at the end of
reaction is called catalyst, And this process is called
catalysis.
 Reaction must be compatible with it catalyst,
initiator and inhibitors.
 A catalyst change the mechanism of reaction.

5. 1) Specific Acid-catalysis
• In specific Acid-catalysis the protonation
happen, before attacking of nucleophile
when we used strong acid catalyst.
• Reactants or intermediate fully protonated
before rate determinant step (RDS).
• Specific acid catalysis indicate that the
proton transfer process is not the RDS.

6. EXAMPLE

7. 2) General Acid-catalysis
• In general-acid catalysis proton transfer take place
during rate determinant step (RDS).
• It mostly occur when we used weak acid.
• Simultaneously protonation and bond breaking /
forming in transition state.
• General acid catalysis indicate that proton transfer
process is the rate determinant step (RDS).
• proton transfer during the slow step of the
reaction.

8. EXAMPLE

9. CONCLUSION