2015 lesson 1 history and current concept of management
1. Principle of Management:
History and Current Concept
DGD541 Dental Clinic and Hospital Management I
Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University
2.
3. The student will able to
Understand the principle and concept of management
Apply the principle and concept of management for health care organization
Management & Health care system
Principle of Management
Effectiveness VS Efficiency
Level of Management
Managerial roles and skills
Managerial Theory
Current Concept in Management
Contents
Objectives
10. Health care VS Business
Business
o Operation efficiently
o Operation safely
o Be productive
o Utilize technology
o Create a profit
Health care
o Provide relief of pain from dental
origin
o Help prevent pain by practicing
preventively dentistry
o Help maintain patients’ personal
appearance
o Help patients masticate their food
throughout their lifetime
o Assist in maintaining good oral
health
11. Dentistry as a service profession
A potential
patient contacts
the office
The service is
performed
The service
meets the
patient’s needs
The dental
practice will
succeed
The patient
returns
if
and
if
and
if
and
if
or
if
and
if
12. Administration VS Management
Basis Management Administration
Meaning
Management is an art of getting things done
through others by directing their efforts
towards achievement of determined goals
It is concerned with formulation of board
objectives, plans and policies
Nature Management is an executing function. Administration is a decision making function
Process
Management decided who should do it and
how should do not it
Administration decides what is to be dine and
when it is to be done.
Function
Management is a doing function because
managers get work done under their
supervision.
Administration is a thinking function because
plans and policies are determines under it.
Skills Technical and human skills Conceptual and human skills
Level Middle and lower level function Top level management
14. Effectiveness VS Efficiency
Resource Usage Goal Attainment
Low Waste High Attainment
Management strives for:
Low Resource Waste (High efficiency)
High Goal Attainment (High effectiveness)
Efficiency (Means) Effectiveness (Ends)
15. Effectiveness VS Efficiency
Manager choose the right goal to pursue, but
does a poor job of using resources to achieve
these goals.
Result: A product that customers want, but that
is too expensive for them to buy
Manager chooses the right goals to pursue and
makes good use of resources to achieve these
goals.
Result: A product that customers want at a
quality and price that they can afford.
Manager chooses wrong goals to pursue and
makes poor use of resources.
Result: A low-quality product that customers do
not want
Manager chooses inappropriate goals, but
makes good use of resources to pursue these
goals
Result: A high-quality product that customers
do not want.
HighLow
High
Low
Effectiveness
Efficiency
20. Managerial skills
Conceptual Human Technical
Conceptual Human Technical
Conceptual TechnicalHuman
•The ability to analyze and
diagnose a situation and to
distinguish between cause and
effect.
•The ability to understand, alter,
lead, and control the behavior of
other individuals and groups.
•The ability to communicate, to
co-ordinate, and to motivate
people, and to mold individuals
into a cohesive team
•The jod specific knowledge and
techniques required to perform an
organizational role
21. Management skill and Function Matrix
Planning Organizing Leading Controlling
Acquiring power ✔ ✔
Active listening ✔ ✔
Budgeting ✔ ✔
Choosing an effective teams ✔
Coaching ✔
Creating effective tems ✔ ✔
Delegating (Empowerment) ✔ ✔
Designing motivating jobs ✔ ✔
Developing trust ✔
Disciplining ✔ ✔
Interviewing ✔ ✔
Managing conflict ✔ ✔
Managing resistance to change ✔ ✔ ✔
Mentoring ✔
Negotiating ✔
Providing feedback ✔ ✔
Reading an organization’s culture ✔ ✔
Running productive meeting ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Scanning the environment ✔
Setting goals ✔ ✔
Solving problems creatively ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Valuing diversity ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
22. Managerial ability
• Leadership
• Oral Communication and Presentation
skill
• Written Communication
• Planning and Organizing
• Information Gathering and Problem
Analysis
• Decision Making
• Self-objectivity
• Disposition to a Willingness and Desire to
Lead Other in New Direction
• Delegation and Control
23. Competitive advantage
The ability of one organization to outperform other organization
because it produces desired goods or services more effectively
than its competitors.
Competitive
advantage
Efficiency Innovation
ResponsivenessQuality
28. • Frederic W.Taylor (1856-1915) : “Father of Scientific Management”
• ใช้หลักกำรของกำรจัดกำรแบบวิทยำศำสตร์ เพื่อหำวิธีกำรทำงำนแต่ละอย่ำง มีลักษณะขั้นตอนที่เป็น
มำตรฐำน
• พิจำรณำคัดเลือกคุณสมบัติ ควำมสำมำรถของพนักงำนแต่ละคน
• ใส่ใจกำรฝึกฝน และพัฒนำวิธีกำรทำงำน รวมทั้งให้ค่ำตอบแทนจูงใจกำรทำงำนตำมหลักวิทยำศำสตร์
• สนับสนุนกำรทำงำนของพนักงำน ด้วยกำรวำงแผนกำรทำงำนอย่ำงดี ให้กำรทำงำนรำบรื่น
• Frank (1868-1924) and Lillian Gilbreth (1878-1972)
• Motion study
• Henry L.Gantt (1861-1919)
• Scheduling innovation : The Gantt’s chart
• Rewarding innovation : Bonus
One best way
Scientific management
29. Scientific management
• ใช้หลักเหตุผลและวิทยำศำสตร์เพื่อปรับปรุงประสิทธิภำพของบุคลำกร
• Frederick W.Taylor
• Time - and - motion study
• Principle of scientific management
• พัฒนำ One best way ผ่ำนกำรวิเครำะห์อย่ำงมีหลักเกณฑ์
• ใช้วิธีกำรทำงวิทยำศำสตร์ในกำรคัดเลือก ฝึกหัด สอน และพัฒนำคนงำน
• มีกำรร่วมมือกับคนงำนอย่ำงจริงใจ
• มีกำรแบ่งงำนและควำมรับผิดชอบ
Scientific management
33. X - Y theory by Douglas McGregor
X Y
• เกียจคร้ำน ไม่ชอบทำงำน
• มีควำมทะเยอทะยำนต่ำ
• ชอบให้บังคับ สั่งให้ปฏิบัติ
• ขำดควำมกระตือรือร้น
• ใช้ปัจจัยพื้นฐำน เช่น เงิน เป็นเครื่องจูงใจในกำรทำงำน
• มีควำมรับผิดชอบ
• มีควำมคิดริเริ่มสร้ำงสรรค์
• สำมำรถควบคุมตนเองได้
• มุ่งมั่นทำงำนให้สำเร็จ
• ควำมสำเร็จของงำนขึ้นอยู่กับควำมพอใจที่จะได้รับ
สิ่งจูงใจอื่น
34. The contingency approach
• The best way to organize depend on the nature of the environment to which the
organization must relate
• ถ้ำเป็นเช่นนั้นแล้ว-ดังนั้น
• หลักกำรของกำรบริหำรเชิงสถำนกำรณ์
• กำรมองสถำนกำรณ์ขององค์กำรตำมควำมเป็นจริง
• กำรเลือกกลยุทธ์กำรบริหำรจัดกำรที่เหมำะสมที่สุดในสถำนกำรณ์เหล่ำนั้น
• กำรดำเนินกลยุทธ์เหล่ำนั้นอย่ำงชำนำญ
35. 29
The System Approach
Opensystem
Close system
Input Process Output
Activity
Input
Production
Man
Materials
Machine
Money
Knowledge
Technology
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