This document provides an introduction and literature review for a dissertation examining the effectiveness of Title I tutoring programs in elementary schools. It discusses the background of Title I programs and issues with evaluating tutoring effectiveness. The study aims to investigate tutoring program structures and relationships between program ratings and student achievement. Surveys will be used to collect administrator and teacher ratings of tutoring programs at selected elementary schools.

1. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TITLE I TUTORING PROGRAMS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS Eunetra Ellison-Simpson Dr. William Allan Kritsonis – Dissertation Chair PVAMU JULY 2008

8. Research Questions The following research questions will guide the study: Research Question # 1 What is the relationship between tutoring effectiveness and student achievement based on an elementary school’s rating on the Characteristics of Effective Tutoring Scale and its TAKS Cumulative Met Standard in reading?

17. Review of the Literature

31. Methods

43. Correlational Pearson’s r coefficient of correlation Level of tutoring effectiveness Student achievement H1 - There is no relationship between tutoring effectiveness and student achievement based on an elementary school’s rating on the Characteristics of Effective Tutoring Scale and its TAKS Cumulative Met Standard in reading. What is the relationship between tutoring effectiveness and student achievement based on an elementary school’s rating on the Characteristics of Effective Tutoring Scale and its TAKS Cumulative Met Standard in reading? Statistical Measurement Predictor Variable Criterion Variable Hypothesis Research Question #1

45. Descriptive Descriptive statistical measures including a frequency polygon and grouped frequency distribution will be used to summarize the results of the survey. What do administrators report about the effectiveness of implementing Title I tutoring programs in elementary schools as indicated by their rating on the Characteristics of Effective Tutoring Scale? Statistical Measurement Research Question #2

46. Descriptive Descriptive statistical measures including a frequency polygon and grouped frequency distribution will be used to summarize the results of the survey. What do elementary school teachers report about the effectiveness of implementing Title I tutoring programs in elementary schools as indicated by their rating on the Characteristics of Effective Tutoring Scale? Statistical Measurement Research Question #3

48. Inferential T-test of Independent Means Teachers’ scores on the Characteristics of Effective Tutoring Scale Administrators’ scores on the Characteristics of Effective Tutoring Scale There is no difference in the ratings of administrators and teachers in their overall scores on the Characteristics of Effective Tutoring Scale. Is there a difference in the ratings of administrators and teachers on the Characteristics of Effective Tutoring Scale? Statistical Measurement Independent Variable Independent Variable Hypothesis Research Question #4