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1. World History I Skills
Standards

2. WH I 2a
Paleolithic Era to Agricultural
Revolution

3. • Homo sapiens emerged in Africa between
_____ & _____ years ago
– 100,000 & 400,000
• Homo sapiens migrated from Africa to
_____, _______, & the _________.
– Eurasia, Australia & Americas
• Early humans were ______ & _______
whose survival depended on plants and
animals.
– Hunters & gatherers

4. WH I 2b

5. Hunter-Gatherer societies during the
Paleolithic Era
• Nomadic
• Invented the first _____
– tools
• Learned how to make ________
– fire
• Lived in _______
– Clans
• Developed ______ language
– oral
• Created “______ _____”
– Cave art

6. WH I 2c

7. Neolithic Era (New Stone Age)
Societies
• Developed ___________
– agriculture
• __________ animals
– Domesticated
• Used _________ tools
– advanced
• Made _________
– pottery
• Developed ___________ skills
– weaving

8. WH I 2d

9. • _________ study past cultures by analyzing
human remains, _______, & ________.
– Archeologists, fossils & artifacts
• Archeologists use scientific test such as carbon
dating to analyze ________ & _______.
– Fossils & artifacts
• _________ is an example of an archaeological
site in England.
– Stonehenge

10. WH I 3a
Ancient civilizations

11. River Valley Civilizations
• ______ civilization- _____ river valley (Africa)
– Egyptian, Nile
• _______ civilization- ________ & _______
Valleys (Southwest Asia)
– Mesopotamian, Tigris & Euphrates
• _______ civilization- ______ river valley (South
Asia)
– Indian, Indus
• ________ civilization- _____ ___ valley (East
Asia)
– Chinese, Huang He

12. Other early civilizations
• ______ settled between the ______ sea &
the _____ river valley. (Fertile Crescent)
–Hebrews, Mediterranean & Jordan
• ________ settled along the Mediterranean
coast (Fertile Crescent)
– Phoenicians
• _______ was located on the upper ____
river (Africa)
– Kush, Nile

13. WH I 3b

14. Social patterns of early civilizations
• _______ rulers
– Hereditary
• Rigid _____ system, where slavery was
accepted
– class

15. Political patterns of early
civilizations
• World’s first _______
– States
• Centralized ________
– government
• Written law codes _______ _______ &
____ ___ __________
– Ten Commandmens, Code of Hammurabi

16. Economic patterns of early
civilizations
• _______ tools & weapons (bronze, iron)
– Metal
• Increasing ___________ surplus
– agricultural
• Increased ________
– trade
• __________ of labor
– specialization

17. WH I 3c

18. Development of religious traditions
• ___________ was practiced by most early
civilizations
– Polytheism
• _________ was practiced by the Hebrews
– Montheism

19. WH I 3d

20. Origins of Judaism
• A
– Abraham
• M
– Moses
• J
– Jerusalem

21. WH I 3e

22. Language and writing
• ___________ (earliest written symbols)
– Pictograms
• ____________ ( Egypt)
– Hieroglyphics
• ___________ (Sumer)
– Cuneiform
• _____________ (Phoenicians)
– Alphabet

23. WH I 4a
Persia, India, & China

24. Persians as rulers
• _________ of conquered people
– Tolerance
• Development of imperial bureaucracy
• __________ as a religion
– Zoroastrianism
• _________ system
– Road

25. WH I 4b

26. India
• Physical barriers such as the _________,
the _______ ______, and the Indian
Ocean made invasion more difficult.
– Himalays, Hindu Kush
• _______ & _______ were important rivers
– Indus & Ganges

27. Aryans
• _______ system influenced all social
interactions
– Rigid caste system

28. Gupta Empire (dynasty)
• _______ Age of classical Indian culture
– Golden
• Contributions- __________, ________, &
___________
– Mathematics, new textiles & literature

29. WH I 4c

30. Hinduism
• ______ system in religious law based on occupations
• Caste
• Belief in many forms of one major ______
– Diety
• ___________ - cycles of rebirth
– Reincarnation
• ___________ future reincarnation based on present
behavior
– Karma
• _______ & _______ Sacred writings
– Vedas & Upanishads

31. WH I 4d

32. Buddhism
• Siddhartha Gautama _____________
– Founder (Buddha)
• _______ Noble Truths
– Four
• __________ path to enlightenment
– Eightfold

33. WH I 4e

34. __________ was built for China’s
protection
Great Wall

35. Contributions of classical China
• ______ _____ system
– Civil Service
• P
– Paper
• P
– Porcelain
• S
– Silk

36. Confucianism’s contributions to
China
• Belief that humans are ______, not _____
– Good, bad
• Respect for elders
• Code of ___________, still used in
Chinese society today
– politeness
• Emphasis on ___________
– education
• Ancestor worship

37. Taoism’s contributions to China
• H
– Humility
• Simple life and inner peace
• __________ with nature
– Harmony

38. WH I 5a
Greece

39. Location & place (Greece)
• A________ sea
– Aegean
• _________ peninsula
– Greek
• M__________ sea
– Mediterranean
• B_______ sea
– Black
• A_____
– Athens
• S_____
– Sparta
• T_____
– Troy
• Macedonia

40. WH I 5b

41. Greek Mythology
• Based on _____________ religion
– Polytheistic
• Explanations of natural p_________,
human qualities, & life events
– Phenomena

42. Greek Gods & Goddesses
• Z______
– Zeus
• H_____
– Hera
• Ap_______
– Apollo
• Ar_________
– Artemis
• Athena
• Aphrodite

43. WH I 5c

44. Social structure & citizenship in the
Greek polis
• Free adult males were ________
– Citizens
• _______ & ______ had no political rights
– Women & Foreigners
• Slaves had no _________ rights
– Political

45. Stages of Athenian democracy
• M_________
– Monarchy
• A_________
– Aristocracy
• T__________
– Tyranny
• D__________
– Democracy

46. Athens
• ________ & _______ were tyrants who
worked for reform
– Draco & Solon
• Origin of democratic principles: direct
democracy, public debate, & duties of a
citizen

47. Sparta
• ___________ rule by a small group
– Oligarchy
• Rigid ________ structure
– Social
• M_________ & aggressive society
– Militaristic

48. WH I 5d

49. Persian Wars 499-449 B.C.
• United __________ & __________
against the Persian Empire
– Athens & Sparta
• Athenian victories at M_________ &
S_________
– Marathon & Salamis

50. Peloponnesian War 431-404 B.C.
• Caused by competition for the Greek
world
• Athens/_______ ______ v.
– Delian League
• Sparta/________ _________
– Peloponnesian League

51. WH I 5e/f

52. Golden Age of Pericles
• Occurred between the Persian and
Peloponnesian War
• _________ extended democracy
– Pericles
• _________ had Athens rebuilt
– Pericles
• ___________ is an example of this
rebuilding
– Parthenon

53. Greek contribution handout

54. WH I 5g

55. Phillip II King of Macedon
• Conquered most of __________
– Greece

56. Alexander the Great
• Established an empire from _______ to
______ and the margins of India
– Greece, Egypt

57. Hellenistic Age
• Blend of ________ & ________ elements
– Greek & Oriental
• Culture was spread through trade

58. WH I 6a
Rome

59. Location & place
• Rome
• _________ peninsula
– Italian
• Alps- protection
• ____________ sea
– Mediterranean

60. WH I 6b

61. Roman Mythology
• Based on Greek ___________ religion
– polytheistic
• Explanation of natural phenomena, human
qualities, & life events

62. Roman Gods & Goddesses
• J__________
– Jupiter
• J__________
– Juno
• A__________
– Apollo
• D__________
– Diana
• Minerva
• V__________
– Venus

63. WH I 6c

64. Social structure in the Roman
Republic
• _________ powerful nobility (few in #)
– Patricians
• _________ majority of the population
– Plebians
• Slaves- not based on race

65. Citizenship
• __________ & _______ men
– Patrician & Plebian
• Selected foreigners
• Responsibilities- taxes and military service

66. Features of Democracy
• __________ democracy
– Representative
• Assemblies
• The S________
– Senate
• Consuls
• Laws of Rome codified as _________
__________
– Twelve Tables

67. WH I 6d

68. Punic Wars 264-146 B.C.
• R____ v. C_______
– Rome v. Carthage
• Over competition for ________
– Trade
• _________ invaded the Italian peninsula
– Hannibal
• 3 Wars = _________ victory
– Roman

69. WH I 6e/f

70. Causes for decline of Rome
• Spread of ________ in the agricultural system
– slavery
• Migration of small farmers into ______ &
unemployment
– cities
• ______ War over the power of Julius Caesar
– Civil
• Inflation
• __________ of Roman currency
– Devaluation

71. WH I 6g

72. Pax Romana
• Two centuries of p________ &
p___________
– Peace & Prosperity

73. Economic impact of Pax Romana
• Uniform system of _________
– Money
• Safe t_________ & t_________ on
Roman roads
– Travel & Trade

74. Social Impact of Pax Romana
• Stable social classes
• Increased emphasis on _________
– family

75. Political impact of Pax Romana
• Created a C________ S________
– Civil Service
• Developed a uniform rule of law

76. WH I 6h

77. Origins of Christianity
• Rooted in _________
– Judaism
• Led by _________ of Nazareth
– Jesus
• Conflicted with the polytheistic beliefs of
the Roman empire

78. Beliefs of Christianity
• M_________
– Monotheism
• Jesus is son of God
• Life after ________
– Death
• New Testament

79. Spread of Christianity
• Carried by Apostles (_________)
– Paul
• Slowed by persecution from Romans
• Legalized by Emperor ___________
– Constantine

80. Impact of the Church of Rome in
the late Roman Empire
• Church became an example of ______
authority
– moral
• Church loyalty became more important
than loyalty to the ___________
– Emperor
• Church became the unifying force in
Western Europe

81. Roman Contributions handout

82. Causes for decline of the Western
Roman Empire
• Economy
• Military
• Moral Decay
• Political Problems
• Invasions

83. Division of Roman Empire
• Emperor _________ moves the capital
(Rome) to Byzantium renaming it
__________________
– Constantine, Constantinople
• Western Roman empire falls in 476 A.D.
• Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine
Empire)