erfe

2. What is OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING?
The learning that occurs by observing
the behavior of a model.
 A tremendous amount of learning
happens through this process of
watching and imitating others.
• Childhood

3.  Also referred to as shaping, modeling,
and vicarious reinforcement.
 Observational learning can be highly
adaptive.

4. ALBERT BANDURA
(Bandura’s Social-
Cognitive Theory)
• Social-learning theory
• “Emphasizes that people
learn by observing the
behavior of models and
acquiring the belief that
they can produce behaviors
to influence events in their
lives.”

5. THE MODELING PROCESS AND SELF
EFFICACY
oATTENTION: we must pay attention
to the model’s behavior.
oRETENTION: we must retain that
information in memory so that it can
be recalled when needed.

6. oREPRODUCTION: we must be
physically capable of reproducing
the model’s behavior or something
similar to.
oMOTIVATION: we must be
motivated to display the behavior.

7. FOR SHORT…
Pay Attention
Remember
Act
Motivate

8. Factors that Influence Observational
Learning
• People we perceive as warm and
nurturing
• People who receive rewards for their
behavior
• When you have been rewarded for
imitating the behavior in the past
• When we lack confidence in our own
knowledge or abilities

9. • People who are in a position of
authority over our lives
• People who are similar to us in age,
sex, and interests
• People who we admire or who are in
a higher social status
• When the situation is confusing,
ambiguous, or unfamiliar

10. According to Bandura, self-efficacy,
which represents peoples belief that they
have the capability to perform behaviors
that will produce a desired outcome, is a key
motivational factor in observational learning.

11. “The knowledge or capability to
perform a behavior may be
acquired at one time but not
displayed until a later time when
the motivational conditions are
favorable.”

12. MONKEY SEE
MONKEY DO …