C PROGRAMMING

1. C PROGRAMMING

2. Mohammad Yeasin Newaj Khan
BSc. In EEE
CANADIAN UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH
CREATOR

3. TOPIC: DECISION MAKING
& LOOPING

4. CONTENTS
Relational
Expression
If, If/Else
Statement
Looping
Statement
Switch
Statement

5. DECISION MAKING

6. WHAT US DECISION MAKING?
Decision making structures require that the
programmer specifies one or more
conditions to be evaluated or tested by the
program, along with a statement or
statements to be executed if the condition is
determined to be true, and optionally, other
statements to be executed if the condition is
determined to be false.
The diagram in the right is the general form
of a typical decision making structure found
in most of the programming languages.

7. REAL LIFE EXAMPLE OF DECISION MAKING

8. RELATIONAL STATEMENTS
01

9. ● Relational Statements are the statements that compares the
values of two arithmetic expressions and produces a result of
either True or False.
● General syntax left_operand relational_operator
right_operand
● Operand can be variables, or any arithmetic expression.
● Example:
i < 5,
i + j > 3 * k
WHAT IS RELATIONAL STATEMENT?

10. TABLE OF RELATIONAL OPERATOR AND IT’S MEANING

11. IF, IF/ELSE STATEMENT
02

12. WHAT IS IF, IF/ELSE STATEMENT?
An if statement is a programming conditional statement that, if proved true,
performs a function or displays information.
Below is a general example of an if statement, not specific to any
particular programming language.
In the example above, if the value of X were equal to any number less than
10, the program displays, "Hello John" when the script is run.

13. TYPES OF IF, IF/ELSE STATEMENT

14. 1.SIMPLE IF STATEMENT

15. WHAT IS SIMPLE IF STATEMENT?
A Simple if statement consists of a Boolean
expression followed by one or more statements.

16. EXECUTION OF SIMPLE IF STATEMENT
if(expression)
{
statement inside;
}
statement outside;
The general form of a simple if statement is,
If the expression returns true,
then the statement-inside will be executed,
otherwise statement-inside is skipped and only
the statement-outside is executed.

17. EXAMPLE OF SIMPLE IF STATEMENT
OUTPUT:
x is greater than y

18. 2.IF…ELSE
STATEMENT

19. DEFINITION
An if statement can be followed by an
optional else statement, which executes when
the Boolean expression is false.

20. EXECUTION OF SIMPLE IF STATEMENT
If the expression is true, the statement-block1 is
executed, else statement-block1 is skipped
and statement-block2 is executed.
The general form of a simple if...else statement is,

21. EXAMPLE OF SIMPLE IF STATEMENT
OUTPUT:
y is greater than x

22. 3.NESTED IF…ELSE
STATEMENT

23. WHAT IS NESTED IF… ELSE STATEMENT?
When one if or else if statement is used inside
another if or else if statement(s) then it is called
nested if...else statement

24. EXECUTION OF NESTED IF…ELSE STATEMENT
The general form of a nested if...else statement is,
if expression is false then statement-block3 will be executed,
otherwise the execution continues and enters inside the
first if to perform the check for the next if block, where
if expression 1 is true the statement-block1 is executed
otherwise statement-block2 is executed.

25. EXAMPLE OF SIMPLE IF STATEMENT

26. 4.ELSE IF LADDER

27. WHAT IS ELSE IF LADDER?
Else If ladder occurs like If any true statement is
found, the statement associate with it is
executed

28. EXECUTION OF ELSE IF LADDER STATEMENT
The general form of else-if ladder is,
The expression is tested from the top(of the ladder)
downwards. As soon as a true condition is found,
the statement associated with it is executed.

29. EXAMPLE OF ELSE IF LADDER STATEMENT

30. LOOPING STATEMENT
03

31. WHAT IS LOOPING STATEMENT?
You may encounter situations, when a block of code
needs to be executed several number of times. In
general, statements are executed sequentially: The
first statement in a function is executed first,
followed by the second, and so on.
Programming languages provide various control
structures that allow for more complicated execution
paths.
A loop statement allows us to execute a statement or
group of statements multiple times.
The Given right diagram is the general form of a loop
statement in most of the programming languages.

32. DEFITION & TYPES
It is more like a while
statement, except that it
tests the condition at
the end of the loop
body.
For Loop
Executes a sequence of
statements multiple times and
abbreviates the code that
manages the loop variable.
Repeats a statement or group of
statements while a given
condition is true. It tests the
condition before executing the
loop body.
While Loop Do While Loop

33. DEFITION & TYPES
When one or more
loops inside any other
while, for, or do..while
loop is used
Nested Loop

34. 1.FOR LOOP

35. WHAT IS FOR LOOP?

36. FLOW DIAGRAM OF FOR LOOP

37. EXAMPLE OF FOR LOOP
Programming codes Output

38. 1.WHILE LOOP

39. WHAT IS WHILE LOOP?

40. FLOW DIAGRAM OF WHILE LOOP

41. EXAMPLE
Programming codes Output

42. 3.DO…WHILE LOOP

43. WHAT IS DO…WHILE LOOP?

44. FLOW DIAGRAM OF DO…WHILE LOOP

45. EXAMPLE OF DO WHILE LOPP
Programming codes Output

46. 4.NESTED LOOP

47. NESTED LOOP - FOR

48. NESTED LOOP - WHILE

49. NESTED LOOP – DO WHILE

50. EXAMPLE OF NESTED LOOP
Programming codes Output

51. SWITCH STATEMENTS
04

52. SWITCH STATEMENT

53. WHAT IS SWITCH STATEMENT?

54. RULES OF SWITCH STATEMENT

55. FLOW DIAGRAM OF SWITCH STATEMENT

56. EXAMPLE OF SWITCH STATEMENT

57. OUTPUT OF SWITCH STATEMENT EXAMAPLE

58. NESTED SWITCH
STATEMENT

59. WHAT IS NESTED SWITCH STATEMENT?

60. EXAMPLE OF NESTED SWITCH STATEMENT
Programming codes
Output

61. RESOURCES
https://www.tutorialspoint.com
https://www.studytonight.com
https://www.msdotnet.co.in/

62. THANK YOU