This document my responses to the online discussion questions in the Spring 2017 version of ARC 211 American Diversity and Design at University at Buffalo - State University of New York

1. 1
University at Buffalo- State University of New York
ARC 211 – American Diversity and Design – Spring 2017
Online Discussion Questions
Tan, Yingying
Diversity & Design
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2. Introduction
Hi! Welcome to Diversity and Design. As a person who major in
Mathematics, I probably am not the one who should take this class. But my curiousness
on environment and people forces me to do it. And I believe you have the same feeling
as mine. This class is not only teaching me about the style of design, connection of
design and diversity, but also change my points of view on some field. It lets me know
that there are a lot of people were underrepresented and ignored because of their
ethnics, age, gender, financial situation. The environment is not build for looking pretty,
but going to help these people and building a better and peaceful community. I really
enjoy on this class because I can get touch with different people and hear different
opinions, different stories. There is a place where fill with “creativity, equity and
encouragement”. My shyness and my broken English speaking makes me feel so
unconfident to say my opinions. However, online discussions provide me an
opportunity to say it and I got a lot of feedbacks. It encourages me and make me realize
that people can accept me if I open myself.
The following pages document my responses to the online discussion questions in the
Spring 2017 version of ARC 211 American Diversity and Design at the University at
Buffalo – State University of New York.
Tan, Yingying. 2015. JPEG file.
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3. Response to “What is design?” from Hello World: Where Design Meets Life by Alice
Rawsthron
The author opened her chapter with the example of Ying Zheng, the ruler of the Qin
empire, one of the most powerful and enduring empires I the history of China. She
explained how design innovation contributed to Ying Zheng’s success. For example,
in the development of weaponry, he resolved many problems by standardizing parts,
and this single innovation gave his armies great advantage over other armies.
For this discussion, let’s move away from 246 B.C. China, and into the U.S. Describe
an innovation or invention (can be current or historical) that gave advantage to a
group of people in the U.S. or to the population as a whole. What were the social
impacts of this innovation? Were any groups negatively impacted by this innovation?
For example, the telegraph, developed and patented in the United States in 1827 by
Samuel Morse, permitted people and commerce to transmit messages across both
continents and oceans almost instantly, with widespread social and economic
impacts. This heightened communicated speed allowed business persons to make
decisions with up-to-date information, often resulting in big profits. Those without
access had to rely on outdated information, which put them at a disadvantage.
[Continues in next page]
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4. One important invention in the US is Credit Card. It makes people's life
more convenient. If it is not created, people have to bring a lot of paper money out to
buy some expensive things. It is so easy to be robbed and it would bring more
confusions in the society. The credit card invent can keep their money in an easy way
and reduce disorder happen in the community. People are able to live in a
convenient way and save more time in their life. It also leads more new technologies
created, for example, Apple pay. Those new technologies have a deep relationship with
the credit card. Credit Card gives people inspirations to invent more things to make
people's life faster and easier. However, it also exists some shortcoming that is the
privacy and the personal information may be leaked out. Some business men stole the
information to know customers’ interests and personal situations to send some
advertises for them or sold to someone who want to use the information to commit
crimes. Even though this kind of cases don’t happen all the time, it still is a biggest
disadvantage of Credit Card which danger people’s life. Based on the example of Credit
Card, we can see that the design of product always has its advantages and
disadvantages. Those are influence people’s life.
https://www.bankofamerica.com/content/images/ContextualSiteGraphics/
CreditCardArt/en_US/Approved_PCM/8blm_trvsigcm_v_250x158.png
http://blogs.mindsmapped.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/advantages-amp-
disadvantages-nbsp-.jpg
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5. Response to “Introduction” from Diversity and Design: Understanding Hidden Consequences
The editors state that “diverse participation in the design process, from both professionals and
public citizens alike, yields more equitable results.” This makes sense, but typically has not
been the case. Nonetheless, many marginalized groups have impacted design in ways that have
changed our visual and physical worlds as well as our systems, policies, and institutions. For
example, in the 1960s, disability rights advocates designed media events to raise awareness
about barriers in the physical environment. They persisted with their efforts for decades, and,
finally, in 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act became law. It mandated accessibility in
public accommodations such as restaurants and stores, public transportation, communication,
and other areas of public life. This dramatically changed our physical environment (from curb
cuts to ramps to automatic doors) and the results made public life more equitable.
Now it’s your turn. Describe a design that was impacted by a diversity group. How and why
did it change from and/or circumstances? (Note that a design can be anything requiring
planning and development prior to the production of an action, system, visual, material object,
or environment. Also, keep in mind that, for our purposes, a diversity group is a group of
individuals who are underrepresented in society in some way-children, older adults, the
economically disadvantaged, those with cognitive disabilities, etc.)
[Continues in next page]
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6. One design that has been impacted by a diversity group is the
special bathroom for the disable people. In our daily life, there are two kinds
of toilet rooms in the bathroom. One is bigger than the others and that is the
special one for the disable people. Compare with the normal toilet rooms, we
can see that toilet room for the disabled have more space and have some grab
bars beside the toilet. This design is more benefited for disable people place
their wheelchair or crutch. And the grab bar is helping the disable people to
move safely and prevent slipping in the toilet room. The purpose of this
design is reducing the inconvenience in disable people's life. The example of
the bathroom shows that design is to help the diversity group, to protect the
diversity group.
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7. Response to Media/Society Chapter and TED Talk Photos that Changed the World
Where would you place the images shown in Photos That Changed the World into
Croteau and Hoynes’ diagram entitled “Model of Media and the Social World”?
Identify a mass media photograph taken in your own lifetime that has served as an
icon of an event. (Feel free to add an attachment.) What roles does this photoplay in
the communication of the event?
A mass media photograph taken in my lifetime that has served as an icon of
an event is Death of Alan Kurdi. Alan Kurdi, a three-year-old boy, had to escape from the
war place and try to reach the refugee camp because of the Syrian civil war. But
unfortunately, he died in a marine accident and his body drifted on the beach. This photo
spread by social media around the world and it attracted more people’s attention on the
refugee crisis. The photo of Alan Kurdi’s death makes me think about that the peace
maybe is a wild wish for somebody because they are suffering the pains from the war,
not only the physical pain but also in psychologically. Therefore, people should put more
attention for the refugee and provide more help for them. Through this photo, a lot of
people realize that the cruel of the war and importance of peace.
http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-
content/uploads/2016/10/maxresdefault-1024x576.jpg
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8. Response to Articles on Hats as Communication Design “Fashioning Protest for the Women’s
March on Washington” and “The Worst Design of 2016 Was Also the Most Effective”
Typically, we do not think of hats as elements of mass media or social media. However, the
two hats (red and pink) discussed in the articles certainly have taken on that role. Why the
two hats (red and pink) are mentioned in the articles vehicles of communication design?
What meanings do each of the two hats carry? In term of communication design, how are
they similar? And how are they different from one another?
The two hats mentioned in the articles vehicles of communication design because
both hats have tried to deliver some messages for people and they are two representations in the
recent events. The red hat is the one Donald Trump used for his presidential election. The color
and the words to help him pass the message “society should give chances for people who don’t
have that much political background”, who is more common (Budds,1). At the same time, his
design is more tend to gain the support from the middle-class people that can help him win the
election. The pink one is the one design which women used to against Trump’s disrespectful
attitude to female. They use a color which can represent this group of people. This design wants to
tell people Trump’s attitude is wrong (Rogers,1). Even though their messages pass the different
messages, both of them choose to use the simple design to make the messages easier for people to
accept or to join them. [Continues in next page]
https://www.fastcodesign.com/3066599/the-worst-design-of-
2016-was-also the-most-effective
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9. Budds, Diana. The Worst Design Of 2016 Was Also The Most Effective, CO.DESIGN, Dec. 2016, https://www.fastcodesign.com/3066599/the-
worst-design-of-2016-was-also-the-most-effective, Accessed on Feb. 10, 2017.
Rogers, Katie. Fashioning Protest for the Women’s March on Washington, The New York Times, Jan. 2017,
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/18/fashion/womens-march-washington-fashion-protest.html?_r=1, Accessed on Feb. 10, 2017.
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10. Response to “Industrial Design” by John Heskett and “The Incredible Inventions of Intuitive
AI” by Maurice Conti
In his chapter on industrial design (written in 1987), historian John Heskett claims that the
methods of mass production introduced by Henry Ford in the U.S. involved new concepts of
the standardization and integration of the production line that were adopted across the
world. With Ford’s method, work could be completed by relatively unskilled workers; it was
more efficient and with this method, products were made more quickly and cheaply than
previously possible. What were some of the social consequences of Ford’s production lice? In
other words, how did this system change our U.S. society? Do any of those changes remain
with us today? Now consider Maurice Conti’s TED Talk, and the predictions he makes about
production. How do you think manufacturing processes will change in the next twenty years?
How do you think these changes will affect our U.S. society?
Henry Ford's idea of production line makes a huge impact on the whole U.S.
society. Firstly, the production line is a better way to use the human resource because the products
can complete by unskilled workers. The people without skill always are so difficult to be hired
because they are less-educated and have no idea about the structure of products. However,
assembly line provides opportunities for unskilled people work because their job just needs to
repeat a set of steps to produce a part of the product and don't need to clearly understand the whole
processes. For example, unskilled workers don't need to know how the car function, how the
structure of car looks like. [Continues in next page]
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/iciHFB6RgJ4/UDYXw7sEcI/AAAA
AAAAAic/qlKocP98sE/s640/001Production_Line.jpg
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11. What they need to know just is the process of produce a component. Secondly, the production line
can increase the quantity and quality of products. Ford's method can decrease the manufacturing cycle time
because more workers can manufacture many different parts of products at the same time. A mass of products
can be finished and assemble in a short period. Also, workers repeat the steps to make component can ensure
the standardization of the products and decrease the non-conforming products. Thirdly, the production line
reduces the cost of production and the price of the final products. The boss of a factory doesn't need to pay a lot
of money to hire a lot of skilled people. Mass products produced is easier to cause products exceed the quantity
of demanded, therefore the price will be lower and allow a lot of families to afford the products and enjoy the
function of the products. Nonetheless, some of the changes cannot remain with us today because the robots and
machines gradually occupy the job of the unskilled workers. As same as what Maurice Conti said in his TED
talk, robots and machines can produce something in a shorter period and more accurate. Maurice Conti also
said that robots and machines cannot exist independently because they don't have the intuitive and nervous
system. Machine have to combine with people in order to finish a perfect job. His predictions on production in
next twenty years will be a new industrial revolution. A lot of people may lose their job but it will benefit the
life of people because they can buy more products at lower price. Also, there will have more intellectual
products are designed and created to achieve "reduce, reused and recycle".
Conti, Maurice. The incredible inventions of intuitive AI, TED TALK. Apr 2016.
https://www.ted.com/talks/maurice_conti_the_incredible_inventions_of_intuitive_ai?language=en. Accessed on
Feb. 17, 2017.
Heskett, John. Industrial Design, Design History. PP. 110-133. Accessed on Feb 17,2017.
http://www.potterparkzoo.org/sites/defaul
t/files/ReduceReuseRecycle.png
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12. Response IDEAAwards and Cradle-to-Cradle Video
Which of the 2016 IDEA Gold Award products seems to defy the Cradle-to-Cradle concept
developed by architect William McDonough and chemist Dr. Michael Braugart? How does this
product resist or disregard the concept? Do you know of any products that embrace Cradle-to-
Cradle design? If so, please describe.
I think one of the 2016 IDEA Gold Award products seems to defy the Cradle-to-Cradle
concept is Common Ground. Even though it reuses the modular containers which are the good point
as design, the material container is not very good at adjusting the temperature inside the mall. We all
know containers are made of steel. In the hot day, inside of containers is being hotter. In winter, the
inside of containers will be cooler. In order to provide a more comfortable environment for attract
more people come to shop, the businessmen have to add more air-conditioning equipment and
heating installation to adjust the comfort temperature. Therefore, more air pollution caused by those
pieces of equipment and the global warming become more serious.
One product that embrace C2C design is Azero Leather because this app provides many ways for
people to reuse the leather from the waste leather product to create a new own upcycle goods.
Azero Leather achieve the strategy one which is "reuse, reduce and recycle". Creating a new
upcycle goods is one kind of "rethinking" because it can leave space for people to create a useful
product without wasting materials.
http://www.idsa.org/awards/idea/environments/common-
ground
http://www.idsa.org/awards/idea/design-strategy/azero-leather
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13. Response to All Module 4 Materials
Your readings and viewings this week present different ways of thinking about
architecture. Mies Van der Rohe describes architecture as “The will of the epoch
translated into space.” Andrew Ballantyne describes architecture as the background for
life. Jeanne Gang describes it as the act of building relationships. All agree that
architecture can change based on context and culture. Choose two works of architecture
from any of your materials this week-one with sensibilities about the past and one with
sensibilities about the present and/or future. How do each of these buildings either
reflect or challenge their cultural contexts?
Different cultural contexts are affecting the thinking of the architects, which
means different architectures can reflect different information or customs. In all of the
architectures from the materials, I would pick the HIGHLAND PARK to be the one which
will sensibilities about the past. When we talk about the history in the beginning of 20th
century, the one comes to our mind is Second Industrial Revolution. The design
of HIGHLAND PARK is showing some characteristics of this historical event, which are
assembly line creation, more attention on workers and more production. HIGHLAND PARK
was called Daylight factory because it has a big characteristic that the factories change the
narrow window to the huge window and wide open floor plans which are able to give more
comfort for the workers and improve the productivity. [Continues on next page]
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H/to-highl-001.jpg
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14. And a wider single-story plant of the HIGHLAND PARK can save time and energy on the
assembly line. This design is reflecting how the America improve and develop on 20th centuries.
The one with sensibilities about the present and future which I picked is Arcus Center. Firstly, the
purpose of designing this design what is building the relationship between people is attracting me.
This kind of architecture actually is trying to solve some serious problems what we have now. For
example, we have less real-life conversations with people to really share out stories and have fun
because of digital products. The Arcus Center allows "people have meaningful conversation around
the social justice", which means there doesn't exist discrimination. Also, this place can commit
people together because of the circle design of the fireplace. In addition, the material
of Arcus Center is using the original wood and without waste material. It is so helpful for dealing
with the environmental problems. This design is reflecting information that hoping people can
rebuild the trust with each other and reduce the air pollution.
Gang, Jeanne. Buildings that blend nature and city, TED TALK, Oct 2016,
https://www.ted.com/talks/jeanne_gang_buildings_that_blend_nature_and_city#t-128212,
Accessed on Feb 24, 2017.
Ten Buildings That Changed America, PBS, May 2013, http://www.pbs.org/program/ten-that-
changed-america/10-buildings-changed-america/, Accessed on Feb 24, 2017
https://www.google.com/search?q=industrial+design
+integration&safe=strict&source=lnms&tbm=isch&
sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwixhu_1mNPTAhVE7CYKHX
HcBqQQ_AUIBigB&biw=645&bih=629#safe=stric
t&tbm=isch&q=Arcus+Center&imgrc=IO-
IgATBLRqAtM:
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15. Response to Ballantyne and Zumthor Articles
Andrew Ballantyne and Peter Zumthor present ideas about architecture that seem to value the
sensorial and material elements of life. How are Ballantyne’s and Zumthor’s viewpoints on
architecture alike? More importantly, how do they differ?
Andrew Ballantyne's and Peter Zumthor's viewpoints on architecture that seem to value
the sensorial and material elements of life seemly are so similar but still have some differences. They
both put a lot of attention on the aesthetics of architecture and how it influences people. They are
connecting building and people's life. However, Ballantyne focuses more on how the structure of
the building can provide more functions for people to live, adding the mathematics accurate
calculation to design a more functional space. Zumthor focuses more on how the aesthetics affect
people's experience of 5 senses. From viewing whole building to the parts, Zumthor wants to provide
some special feeling for people when they are in the space. As what he said in the article, "Every
building is built for a specific use in a specific place and for a specific society", that means different
aesthetics of building are containing some special information about the society. People can have
different 5 senses experience when they are in different space.
Ballantyne, Andrew. Architecture, Life, and Habit, The American Society for Aesthetics. PP 43-49.
Accessed on Feb 24, 2017.
Zumthor, Peter. Thinking Architecture. BIRKHAUSER, PP 9-26, Accessed on Feb 24, 2017.
https://image.freepik.com/free-vector/five-senses-icon-
set_62147502195.jpg
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16. Response to Levy Article
John Levy’s article, “An Overview: The Need for Planning,” discussed ways in which planning can
determine the characteristics of a place. For example, some smaller towns restrict the heights of
buildings to maintain a certain scale. How did planning define the character of the place in which you
grew up?
Planning really determines the characteristics of a place. I grew up in a small town in South of
China. Most of the houses gather to a place which is the center of the town. And the lands around the houses'
place are used to farm. I think the reason of the place used to this way is China has proposed self-
sufficient natural economy, the planning of the place is convenient for people to farm and live. Also, the
space between house and house is so narrow and the doors of two houses always face to each other. It can
provide more opportunities for the communication with neighbors and build up a good relationship. Families
can share their food and do some activities together. In addition, there is a building, called "diaolous", which
is evaluated as one of world cultural heritage. Based on the story from my grand-grandma, this building was
used for preventing the bandit in the past. Diaolous is higher than the other house because it is helpful to
enlarge viewing distance to able to see whether the bandits is coming and give enough time for the
villagers move to into Diaolous. Diaolous has complex design inside which is able for villagers to storage
food and prevent bandits from hurting them. The money for building diaolous is from different individuals.
Until now, Diaolous still keep for travelers to visit. The planning really builds up good interconnection.
However, my village still didn't add the schools, markets because of the small amount of population.
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17. Response to Pruitt Igoe Project, Talen, and Larson
Imagine that you are part of an urban planning and design firm working with Emily Talen
(author of “Design That Enables Diversity”) and Kent Larson (who gave the TED Talk
“Brilliant Designs to Fit More People in Every City” The thee of you have been tasked with
developing a plan to rebuild Pruitt Igoe in St. Louis. City officials told the three of you that
they want to do it right this time. Identify three strategies for rebuilding Pruitt Igoe in ways
that promise to be more successful. What would Talen do? What would Larson do? What
would you do? How would your strategies differ from those of the original urban
planners/designers of project? Why would your strategies be more effective?
There are many strategies for rebuilding Pruitt Igoe can be more effective than the
original project. If Talen put her idea into rebuilding Pruitt Igoe, Pruitt Igoe would be totally
different because Talen support diversity is helpful for improving the community's interconnection
and economy. She believes zone the area and separate people into different groups, as what Pruitt
Igoe did, would restrict people's connection and increase the difference in thinking and income level
and increase inequality between people. Using Talen's strategy, which combining the nature and
people can create a better community because of people able to help each other, work and live
together and have more understandings on each other. If Larson rebuilds Pruitt Igoe, he will make it
more functional and thoroughly utilize the space. People have opportunities to design their house to
make themselves feel more comfortable and enjoy their living place. [Continues on next page]
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18. Different from the old Pruitt Igoe which has the same design, Larson's strategies can make it
more distinctive to satisfy the requirement for different groups of people. If I am going to
develop a plan to rebuild Pruitt Igoe, I will build many different kinds of stores and parks for
residences because these places are the public place which able for people to communicate
and have interaction. It can help them have more understandings to each other and spread the
idea of equality. My ideal community is similar to Talen's idea which increases the diversity.
Public places provide more opportunities for people to build the relationship with neighbors
and coordinate to create a harmonious community and protect it. My strategy is more
effective because it can make people really treat the community as their house so that will not
destroy it and make it dirty.
Larson, Kent. Brilliant designs to fit more people in every city, TED TALK, Jun 2012,
https://www.ted.com/talks/kent_larson_brilliant_designs_to_fit_more_people_in_every_city?
nolanguage=en%23t-367652, Accessed on March 3, 2017
Talen, Emily. Design That Enables Diversity: The Complications of a Planning Ideal. Sage
Publications, Feb 2006. PP 233-249. Accessed on March 3,2017.
http://42mzqz26jebqf6rd034t5pef-wpengine.netdna-
ssl.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/05/providence_pla
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19. Response to F.L. Olmsted
Displaying his plan at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. Frederick Law Olmsted
stated that “Buffalo is the best planned city, as to its streets, public places, and grounds, in the
United States, if not in the world.” What was the basis for this claim? Would Olmsted still make
that claim today? Why or why not?
The reason of Frederick Law Olmsted stated that "Buffalo is the best-planned city, as to
its streets, public places and grounds, in the United States, if not in the world" because of the
geography of Buffalo which located nearby the Niagara Falls and right of Erie Canal. On that time,
Erie Canal brings a convenient water traffic for them to trade and transfer the goods. Also, Buffalo as a
booming and exploring city also increases the citizens' ambition to improve their city and desire to
show their excellence. The radiating city plan of Buffalo which designed by Joseph Ellicott gives ideas
for Olmsted to decide the location of three parks to build up the park system and try to put the city in
the park. Olmsted's childhood also influenced the design because he prefers the environments before
the industrialization when there doesn't have a lot of factories. Therefore, when he visits the Niagara
Falls, he decides to protect this beautiful place and propose the idea of buying the place change to a
park which is a more natural place for people to enjoy the view. Olmsted wanted to establish park
system into buffalo to achieve the idea of "city in the park" to affect designs of the other city to build
up more green places. I still think Olmsted would make the same claim today. [Continues on next
page]
http://www.budgetinnwny.com/images/niagara-
falls_00240892.jpg
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20. The design of Riverside in IL and the Central Park in New York City shows us the
Olmsted's intelligence. Even though the highway seemly cut off the connection between
park and park, Olmsted able to use the same idea which "submerged the roads just below
the grade" to build up Buffalo. In other words, we can build the green road under the
highway which connecting the parks. This is also a good idea to combine the modern
design and nature.
Frederick Law Olmsted: Designing Western New York. PBS.
http://www.pbs.org/video/2365468061/Accessed on March 10, 2017.
Righ, Nathaniel. When Parks Were Radical. The Atlantic. Sept 2016.
https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/09/better-than-nature/492716/.
Accessed on March 10, 2017.
Schneekloth, Lynda H. Unruly and Robust. PP 253-268. Accessed on March 10, 2017.
http://cnu.civicactions.net/sites/www.cnu.org/files/
Buffalo6.jpg
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21. Response to Walter Hood’s Work
Identify something that should be memorialized either on UB’s campus or in your hometown. Imagine
that you are the person who will oversee this project, and that you are using Walter Hood’s ‘triad of
investigations’as your approach to the project. What would your landscape intervention
commemorate/memorialize? How will you use Hood’s ‘triad of investigations’to design a new
landscape intervention? What do you imagine that the design will be? (Either written or visual
descriptions are acceptable.)
I think the most memorialized thing in my hometown is diaolous. This is a building which I
feel so proud of because it shows people’s intelligence and combining the architecture with the life.
However, even though it already is one of world cultural heritage, there are not a lot of people would like to
come here visit it because there just has farming. Visitors would feel so inconvenient to travel because there
are no en entertainment and restaurant. If I am using the ‘trial of investigations’, I would try to build some
trees and a bridge surrounding the diaolous as a protection. The farming land would open for visitors to
experience farming if they pay for the farming owner. Add some restaurants nearby the residence place for
visitors to try the special food. Open diaolous is a way for people to experience how people unite as one to
resist the enemies because diaolous is built by residences and the purpose is protecting their home and
neighbors. They all treat each other as the family member. To intervene the landscape is because I want
more people to realize we all are equal and as a family. Not only between people and people, but also with
nature. Therefore, setting some activities for visitors is in order to unite them and tell them how the nature
helps us subsist.
http://image11.photobiz.com/4953/34_201503111
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22. Response to Brookes
The abolitionist poster, the Brookes, is an iconic image that often is included in exhibits that
explore issues of race and power. It was commissioned by Thomas Clarkson in 1788, and
the Committee of the Abolition of Slavery used it to inform and shock the public. While
some consider the poster as an important component of the abolitionist campaign, it
recently “has been strongly criticized by some individuals and groups of African heritage
as providing a very limited view of the history of the transatlantic slave trade, resistance
and abolition (Hudson 2007).” The lesson here is that how a viewer sees an image is
dependent upon his/her social, economic, and cultural position. Keeping this in mind, find
another iconic graphic that addresses racial issues and post it for others in your group to
view. (Add it to your response by clicking on the picture in the tools section. Do not add it
as an attachment that needs to be opened.) How do you interpret the graphic? What is its
meaning? Now imagine that someone from a racial and cultural background different than
your own is looking at the same graphic. Briefly describe this person. How might s/he
interpret its meaning? How might this differ from your interpretation? What are the
possible reasons for these differences? (Consider the three assessment principles mentioned
in the article to help you: a technology of vision, an instrument of empathy, and a symbol of
control.)
[Continues on next page]
http://www.virtualjamestown.org/images/maps_image
s/1790ship.jpg
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23. The picture shows that how black people look like from white vision. From my
view of point, the picture is trying to show out the racial discrimination. The black
person dresses so as regular as what normal people would dress. He is doing what normal
people would do. However, in white people's vision, he is so dangerous to the society and
threatening the people's safe. The graphic interprets that a lot of white people have the
racial discrimination and they justify the black people by their own thinking rather than
look at the truth. It also shows that the society doesn't achieve equality because there still
have many biases on race. If the white people who have racial discrimination look at the
graphic, s/he may think this graphic just show out what the current situation is and never
think the picture is a misunderstanding to the black people. The reason why s/he thought on
this way is because s/he read a lot of news what reports that people who are black did some
dangerous actions to destroy the peace of the society. Even though those are some special
cases, they form a thought that all the black people may go to hurt them. The thought also is
formed by the education and family.
http://blogs.umass.edu/rdowney/files/2015/02/f03d
a9564add77420f5df9e08d814781.jpg
23

24. Response to Charles Davis and equityXdesign’s Work
Critique either the MLK Memorial or the National Museum of African American History and
Culture using equityXdesign’s core beliefs and/or design principles. (Use the beliefs or principles
that are more relevant to your critique rather than all of them.)
I think the National Museum of African American History and Culture is a great design
what consist with equityXdesign's core beliefs. In the museum, there are a lot of exhibits which
relative with the history of African American and the purpose of building this museum is trying to tell
people there also are many creative and intelligent African American make the contribution on the
realm of art. And the spaces are able to let the visitor reunderstand the history and to "see both who we
were (our historical selves) and who we are (our current selves)". Also, the museum's location satisfies
the belief of "Radical Inclusion" because it located in Washington D.C. where is near by the MLK
Memorial and the Washington Monument where is meaningful and have a strong impact on history
and people. It makes visitors to truly loving others through the power of art. The museum also
perfectly fit to "Process as product" because it helps people to shift position and feel the "listen" the
stories behind the exhibit while they are enjoying the art. It can build the equity.
EquityXdesign. Racism and Inequity are products of design. They Can Be Redsigned. A Medium
Corporation. Nov 2016. https://medium.com/@multiplyequity/racism-and-inequity-are-products-of-
design-they-can-be-redesigned-12188363cc6a, Accessed on March 17, 2017.
http://cdn-
img.essence.com/sites/default/files/styles/3x2_md/publi
c/image/2016/09/main/gettyimages-
605483026_master.jpg?itok=O06sbq_2
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25. Response to “Landscape Stories” Chapter
First, let’s start with your own home. Describe a place in your home (indoors and/or
outdoors) that you think of as representative of your own ethnic background and discuss
why you consider this place to be ‘ethnic’. –OR- Describe an object in your home that
you think of as representative of your ethnic background and discuss why this object is
considered to be ‘ethnic’. (If possible, add photo/s.) Is this object or place something that
you will keep or continue when you establish your own home? Why or why not?
Now let’s move into your community. In “Landscape Stories,” the authors show how
landscape architects develop a historical narrative that sifts through and interprets the
culture and material of underrepresented groups. Think about the community where
you grew up. Describe and discuss any evidence of cultural influences on the physical
environment in your community. If possible, describe evidence of the cultural influence
of an underrepresented group. (If possible, add photo/s.) Is this cultural influence being
acknowledged or preserved from future generations? Why or why not?
[Continues on next page]https://image-
gr.s3.envato.com/files/146282604/preview.jpg
25

26. An object in my home that as representative of my ethnic background
is porcelain vase. It is a decoration which uses to put the flowers. The technology
of Porcelain is from China and developed through a long time. As the time passing, the
technology has big improvement. The painting on the vase is something that means
being lucky, safe and happy, such as magpie, peony. In my home, we would use it to
carry the flowers in Spring Festival. It doesn't just make the home look more beautiful,
but also means that brings more luck and happiness for my family next year. I will
keep this object when I establish my own home because it represents my culture, my
country and reminds me what my identity is. Also, I hope it can bring happiness and
luck for my family.
One of evidence of cultural influences on the physical environment is the
stone arch bridge. In the ancient times, it was an intelligent architecture to make the
traffic easier for population. The material of the bridge is so special and can resist
earthquake and flood. The special shape of the bridge is like a rainbow and the
sculpture in the bridge is so detailed and incredible. It mostly exists in the park in the
current century and for people to have fun. Even though the influence of this bridge is
decreasing, I hope that it will preserve in the future because it is a product to show the
intelligence and culture.
https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/HTB1pea.KpXXXXa1XXXXq6xXFXX
Xe/Jingdezhen-blue-and-white-font-b-porcelain-b-font-font-b-vase-
b-font-peony-Bone.jpg
http://most-excellent-adventures.com/wp-
content/uploads/2016/09/tallbridge.jpg
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27. Response to Article on Sports Branding
Recent controversies about sports branding focus on ethnicity. The Washington Redskins
team is just one example of the larger controversy, but it receives the most public attention
due to the name itself being defined as derogatory or insulting in modern dictionaries, and
the prominence of the team representing the nation’s capital. Should sports team branding
designers use ethnic references (Fighting Irish, Boston Celtics, Atlanta Braves, etc.)? Why?
Why not? What are some of the complexities of this issue?
I support that sports team branding designers should use ethnic references. The
name and the brand are not just a representation of the sport team but also related to the culture
and background, it is kind of information for fans and people to know more about the sports
team. In fact, whatever how the name avoids the ethnic references, the identity and the ethnic of
the member in the team would not be changed. People like to show their ethnic references to the
people through some items because they are proud of their culture and ethnic. Other people don't
have the rights to ban it. Also, as same as the influence of music, the sports team can be a thing
that connecting people who have difference race and ethnic. However, if the team brand contains
some prejudice and discrimination, it is not acceptable because we have to keep respect.
https://s-media-cache-
ak0.pinimg.com/originals/07/df/7d/07df7d6a76b0b09
0f324df398ce40261.jpg
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28. Response to “Visualizing Gender” Chapter
In their chapter “Communicating Gender,” Maya Ganesh and Gabi Sobliye discuss two
primary visual advocacy approaches: 1) get the idea, and 2) stories in data. Find a new
example of either of the two visual advocacy approaches to gender issues, and post it in this
thread. Cite the source.
First, identify the approach. Then explain how the designer uses the approach to
communicate a gender issue. Is the approach effective in this example? Why or why not? How
could this graphic be improved?
The designer used the approach "get the idea" to spread the information. I believe you
are so familiar with this poster which appears in our high school history textbook. It is designed
during the World War II which used to appeal women to work to maintain the economy. But it is
always used to support the feminism. The designer is so bold to use the multiple bright color and
special style to grab the viewer's attention. The woman in the poster doesn't have heavy make up or
dress so well, she rolls up the sleeve to show her muscle in order to prove that she has the power
and ability what man has. In the mid-20th century, the special action of the woman in the poster is
so different with the image of the woman in traditional thinking, therefore, it is able to stir people's
thinking. The "get the idea" approach is perfectly shown in this image and is so effective to tell
people that women can do what men can do in the society for a long while.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1
2/We_Can_Do_It%21.jpg
28

29. Response to Bathroom Bill
Last year, North Carolina Governor Pat McCrory signed into law a bill that repealed
local LGBT anti-discrimination laws, and required people to use the bathroom that
corresponded with the biological gender written on their birth certificates. This
prompted massive backlash. McCrory stated, “You know, we all have to make
adjustments in life. And we’ve had the proper etiquette situation for decades in our
country, and all of a sudden through political correctness we’re throwing away basic
etiquette.” Just this past Thursday, the North Carolina General Assembly passed a
bill to repeal the law while placing a moratorium on nondiscrimination measures.
Should people be required to use the bathroom that corresponds with the biological
gender written on their birth certificate? State why AND state why not. In other
words, to receive full credit for this question, you need to present an argument for
both sides of the issue. As a designer, how would you solve this gender dilemma?
[Continues on next page]
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30. People holds different opinions and reasons to support or against the
law which states people should be required to use the bathroom that corresponds
with the biological gender written on their birth certificate. In the "against" side,
people think that if a girl who transfers to a boy get into the girl's bathroom and use
the male genital organ to pee, both of us feel so uncomfortable and there is
meaningless to separate the boy's and girl's bathroom. Transsexual people change
their gender because they hope to have the function of the desired gender or get
different treatments. If the law forces them to the bathroom which match with their
birth gender, that means nothing change in their life. In addition, this law can cause a
lot of safe problems because some people may disguise themselves as a transsexual
person enter the bathroom and commit crimes. In the "support" side, people believe
that gender is decided by the DNA but not the genital organ. They believe that it is
an approach and chance for people to have understandings of transsexual people and
reduce the discrimination. It is an important process to achieve an equality society. It
is a complicated issue and difficult to find out the solution. What I suggest to do is
build one more public bathroom for all people including boys, girls, unisex and
transsexual people as what Thailand have and provide for the unisex people. It
doesn't exist any discrimination and provides chances for people to choose.
http://www.mydoorsign.com/blog/wp-
content/uploads/2013/05/All-Gender-Restroom-
Sign.gif
30

31. Response to Hidden Ways
Author Steven Flusty categorized five types of disciplinary architecture that perpetuate what
he calls urban spatial injustice: 1) stealthy, 2) slippery, 3) crusty, 4) prickly, and 5) jittery. Go
out into the city of Buffalo, and find/photograph two examples from the list of five. Identify
what type of space you’ve photographed and why it might discriminate against a specific
population. Identify the location where you took the photograph, and make certain that you
are in at least one of the two photographs.
Inside of school bus is a prickly space. The space of seat may enough for many people
and it seemly is a good design. However, it impliedly discriminates against the obese people
because the space of one seat is not enough and they have to take up two seats. The obese people
would feel so embarrassed especially when the bus is full and many students standing around them.
But, it is also a way to encourage obese people to exercise.
The bus stop is stealthy space for me. The sign of bus stop is so small
and invisible. Especially in the summer, the leaves of the tree cover the bus sign and is so difficult
to find out. When the first time I came to buffalo, I cannot find out the bus stop and I have to
remember the house beside the stop. Even thought the google map shows that there is a bus stop, it
still is difficult to find the sign out. Because of that, I always miss the bus. I think it discriminates
the neighbors who live there and don't have a car.
http://www.awesysnet.ca/cptdb/uploads/508.JPG
Tan, Yingying, 2017, JPEG file.
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32. Response to People Like Us
After almost two decades of public assistance, Tammy Crabtree took herself and her family off
the welfare rolls. But her job cleaning bathrooms at a local Burger King barely paid the bills.
Crabtree wanted to do better and hopes to go to college and become a teacher.
Imagine this scenario. You are a designer who works at the well-known firm, IPD (Integrated
Planning and Design). You work on a team with planners, urban designers, policy designers,
architects, and social designers. You have been tasked to develop/design a way for Tammy
Crabtree and her family (and others with situations similar to Tammy’s) to move themselves out
of poverty. What will your team to do to help Tammy and her family achieve their goals? What
approach will your team take to address this difficult problem?
Tammy Crabtree's family is a representation which has low-economic status in the
society. They all have goals and wants to achieve but always punched by the "cruel" truth. Because of
poverty and low educational level, Tammy Crabtree didn't have time and chances to achieve her goal
and have to force herself to repeat the boring job what she doesn't like. His son has low self-esteem
because of their economic situation. Their home is mess up and they are lazy to clean, they have a car
but they just "want" someone to help them fix.
[Continues on next page]
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00600058/7278330-DELHI-INDIA-DECEMBER-12-Poor-
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India-Mil-Stock-Photo.jpg
https://pvhramani.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/a-poor-family-
home_with-some-amenities.png 32

33. It seems like they believe this kind of lifestyle is what the low-income family should
have and never can change. Their living environment cannot provide comfort but stress.
The living environment really affects people's attitude and mood. As a designer, in order
to help this kind of family move out of poverty, I would provide a house for them
where is close to the town which can convenience in the transportation. It helps them
save time and expense. That also allow Tammy Crabtree to attend college in the night as
a part-time student to achieve her goals. And then clean up their house to be organized
and repaint the wall to pass some positive energy to make them feel relax and
comfortable. The main point helps them move out of poverty is improving their self-
esteem. I hope the new living environment can provide them confidence.
https://encrypted-
tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRz_WasUap1EvbvVFnXPT
wHJi4Mf8wIr2GQ-dxeO4setw4gsCI-
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34. Response to Carroll Article: “(Re)forming Regent Park: When Policy Does Not Equal Practice”
The development of Regent Park is phased, and there are several more phases to the project. What
actions could be taken to ensure more social integration for the older people living in the ‘new and
improved’ Regent Park?
To ensure more social integration for the older people living in the "new and
improved" Regent Park, the first action is providing a services center for providing opportunities to
connect people. The services center can use for having meeting to solve community problems, providing
entertainment place for older people's daily activities, holding small parties for neighbors. Especially, the
services center is able to provide some volunteer hours for the students and children to chat with elders or
help elders to clean houses. Child is very good connection between older people and other family because
they would like to share their interesting and happy volunteer stories to their parents. This action is not
only help to build good neighborhood relationship which makes elders' desire "preserve connection"
come into true, but also providing convenience for older people to live in communities. The second action
is enhancing the transportation system near by the Regent Park. From the readings, we can see that the
lack of transportation causes many inconvenience in elders' life and cut their connection with the outside
world. Therefore, increase more bus stops near the Regent Park is so necessary and is helpful to increase
social integration because they have chances to meet more people and enrich their daily activities.
Carroll, Mary Jane. Diversity and Design: Understanding Hidden Consequences. Routledge, 2016, PP
209-220. Accessed on April 21, 2017.
http://urbantoronto.ca/sites/default/files/imagecache/displ
ay-slideshow/images/articles/2013/05/7608/urbantoronto-
7608-26527.jpg
https://cdn.psychologytoday.com/sites/default/fil
es/blogs/123437/2013/04/123542-122067.jpg
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35. Response to Enriquez TED Talk: “What Will Humans Look Like in 100 Years?”
For this question, we will focus on Juan Enriquez’ Life Two civilization, which alters fundamental
aspects of the body. We are living longer than ever before in human history. Enriquez argues that,
because of advances in bio-medical technology, the possibility of living to 120 years of age and beyond
is quite possible for many of us in this D+D class. Assuming that his assertion is accurate, how do you
think extended life spans will change our societies and built environments? What new issues might
designers face because of extended life spans?
As life spans extend, the retirement age would go up and increase unemployed young
people. From the tendency of recent 10 years, we can see positions of career don't increase as the retirement
age increase. It will cause many stress and reduce many opportunities for the teenagers to look for a job and
maintain their life. It may increase more and more society problems that increase the segregation with the
elders. In addition, the resource in the earth is not enough for providing all people to live. People's quality of
life cannot be enhanced. Now, there already exist a lot of countries where have less resources and satisfy
many life. The scientists should focus more on how to re-produce the resource for people to solve the
current problems but not just extend the life. Designers have to try their best to think about how to use the
limited land to build more regent park but don't reduce the green space. That is a big challenge.
Enriquez, Juan. What will humans look like in 100 years? TED TALK. Jun 2016.
https://www.ted.com/talks/juan_enriquez_what_will_humans_look_like_in_100_years?language=en.
Accessed on April 20, 2017
http://static1.squarespace.com/static/52783d80e4b0e33e
3923787f/t/528a748ee4b029435a5440e9/146480895043
5/?format=1000w
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36. Response to PPT, Smithsonian, and Roy
The two most frequently mentioned models of disability are the ‘social’and the ‘medical’ models.
The medical model of disability views disability as a medical ‘problem’ that belongs to the
disabled individual. The social model of disability, in contrast, draws on the idea that it is society
that disables people, through designing everything to meet the needs of the majority of people
who are not disabled. There is a recognition within the social model that there is a great deal that
society can do to reduce, and ultimately remove, some of these disabling barriers, and that this
task is the responsibility of society, rather than the disabled person.
In the Smithsonian online exhibition, the story about the superhero hand, and Elise Roy’s TED
Talk, you saw examples of ways to engage disability that use the social model rather than the
medical model. In the Disability and Design PowerPoint, you were introduced to the concept of
Universal Design (UD) (sometimes called inclusive design, design-for-all, or human-centered
design). Certainly, UD embraces the social model of disability. In this same PowerPoint, you saw
positive and negative examples of each of the seven principles of universal design.
For the Module 12 Thread 1, please select one of the seven universal design principles, and post
photographs that show both a positive and a negative example of the principle. Then address the
following question: How do your examples empower or disempower various people? Describe the
specific features of the positive example and the specific features of the negative example. Discuss
ways that the positive example could be even further improved.
http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/wp-
content/uploads/2014/02/Disability-symbols.png
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37. I select the one of the seven universal design principles: #3 Simple and Intuitive use. The
traffic light for walkers is the positive example of this principle. In the picture, we can see that there are
two different color and different graphic as a message to tell you when you can go and when you should
stop. Different with the traditional one, it uses the hand to represent "stop" and use a walker man to
represent "Go". It helps a lot of people to read it and understand it to keep them safe, especially color-
blinder and the people who have difficult on reading. The graphics are easier for people to understand
than text. If it designed by using words "Go" and "stop", the people who have the reading disorder and
color-blind would be so dangerous because they cannot read it and accepted the information. Some
traffic light would make a sound to tell people to go. It empowers the blind people to know when they
are safe to pass the road. To be improved, I think the traffic light should make the sound louder because
some area is too crowded and too loud that causes blind people cannot hear the sound.
The traditional traffic light is the negative example of simple and intuitive use. This design has never
considered about the disabilities and color-blind people. Traffic light only use the color to distinguish
when people should go or stop, however, this kind of messages are so difficult for color-blind people and
blind people accept and make a best decision to make sure their safe. It brings a big dangers and
implicitly discriminate the people who has disabilities. Fortunately the design of the traffic light has a big
improvement to make the message more simple and intuitive for the disable people to know.
https://ak2.picdn.net/shutterstock/videos/8288776/
thumb/1.jpg?i10c=img.resize(height:160)
https://s-media-cache-
ak0.pinimg.com/736x/09/37/ca/0937ca5b2dbd4c0df
539cba10b7347df.jpg
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38. Response to Survey, FIXED, and Stelarc
Our 2017 Design-A-Baby survey yielded the following characteristics as indicated
by a majority of you:
• Sex: Male (47%)
• Hair Color: Dark Brown (22%)
• Hair Texture: Wavy (33%)
• Eye Color: Blue (26%)
• Race: Caucasian (36%)
• Height: 5’-10” to 6’-1” (45%)
• IQ: 131-140 (20%)
• Memory: Excellent (43%)
• Athletic Ability: Excellent (43%)
• Weight: Average (79%)
• Disease Carrier: None (85%)
• Beauty: Somewhat attractive (46%)
• Empathy: Very empathetic (38%)
• Creativity: Very creative (37%)
Sounds like an all-around lovely person!
Currently, we have the technology for you to choose many of the
survey characteristics in your future child, and this ability to choose
poses some ethical questions. Of course, we all want the best for our
own child. However, as we move into a more collective situation, we
need to consider how the consequences of majority choices for
children might change who we are as a species.
In the film trailer FIXED, you were introduced to the dilemma of
living in a culture in which the “science-fiction of human
enhancement” has become almost a way of life, from prenatal
genetic screening to bionic body parts. In the video, “A Man with
Three Ears” you are introduced to an artist who is using current
technology to move humans beyond their current abilities. Last
week, Juan Enriquez asked us if it is ethical to evolve the human
body. All of these videos suggest that the concept of disability ‘as we
know it’ could cease to exist in the future.
38

39. What lessons do you think we should learn from history when thinking about emerging
enhancement technologies and reproductive technologies? What are some of the possible
consequences (both positive and negative) of being able to design our bodies and the bodies
of our children? What ethical quandaries do these technologies pose?
In my mind, emerging enhancement technologies and reproductive technologies are used for
improving human’s functions and abilities. I related it with the production of the nuclear bomb.
It is a weapon which can prove the strong of a country, can help a country to be safe when it
didn't use to attack any country, but it would be so dangerous if it really uses in the
reality. Similar to the production of the nuclear bomb, those technologies also have their
positive and negative effect. It seems like a perfect technology for people to be stronger and
more perfect. People can own the ability, IQ as what they want, which is good because there are
fewer diseases and less discrimination between people due to less diversity. This technology is
such a hope for people because they think they can use this technology to be the person or
create a baby who they want. But when it really uses in the reality, the world would be so
dangerous. All people would like to be a perfect one, people would be same and less difference.
At that time, the human is no longer a human but is a robot because they have same functions.
The competition in the reality would be crueler and more intense because we all are same. The
society would be more dangerous because people want to win in this competition. The diversity
loss and people are no longer unique in each individual. Many cultures would be gone and the
whole world just owns one policy.
http://lotusblossomconsulting.com/wp-
content/uploads/2010/11/infertility-30-ART.jpg
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ak0.pinimg.com/originals/81/20/5d/81205dec85ffa612e58bc61a9
0e6ff92.jpg
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40. Response to Titicut Follies
The state of Massachusetts tried to ban the 1967 documentary Titicut Follies,
arguing that director Frederick Wiseman had violated the patients’rights by not
getting written permission to film them. The case went to court, and Wiseman
argued that he had consent from their legal guardian, the institution. After a judge
ruled in favor of the state, the legal appeals carried on for several years: in 1969,
Massachusetts allowed the film to be shown to doctors, lawyers, and health care
professionals; in 1991, a superior court judge ruled it could be released for the
“general public,” as privacy concerns were no longer at issue, so many years later.
Should Wiseman have been allowed to film the residents of Bridgewater
Massachusetts Correctional Facility? Why or why not? How might this film be of
value to designers (communication designers, product, designers, architects, interior
designers, planners, landscape designers, systems designers, and/or social
designers)? In other words, what might they gain from this film that they could use
in their work?
40
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content/uploads/2007/06/Nose.JPG

41. 41
I think that Wiseman should have been allowed to film the residents of
Bridgewater Massachusetts Correctional Facility. But they have to get the permission of
the institution and the patient's family. Taking the film and expose into public would
mention about the rights of the patients and facility. Even though the patients don't have
the ability to make a decision and do a correct judgment, their family and the institution
can have them to make it. Their permission means that they want to spread the
information out and let more people know about the psychological diseases and what
symptom would the patients have. To let more people know that is helping people to
know how to provide help and understanding for the patients, especially for the people
who are designers. Through watching the film, designers are able to learn more
knowledge and information of the patients' symptoms and the treatments. It is such a real
experience for them to contact their target group without accidental hurts. The film can
help those designers to design a better product or policy or environment to reduce the
discrimination, heal the patients, assist them to live as a normal person.
http://thephoenix.com/secure/uploadedImages/The_Phoenix/N
ews/News_Stories/ID0E8756.jpg

42. Response to PPT, The Architecture of Auti
Prelude: Wolf Wolfensberger's seminal work "The Origin and Nature of Our Institutional
Models" posited that society characterizes people with intellectual disabilities as sub-human
and burdens of charity, He argued that this dehumanization, and the segregated institutions
that result from it, ignored the potential productive contributions that all people can make to
society. He pushed for a shift in policy and practice that recognized the human needs of those
with intellectual challenges and provided the same basic human rights as for the rest of the
population.
The Scenario: Imagine that you and your four children live in Amherst, New York in a $650,000
home at the end of a cul-de-sac on the edge of a ten acre woods. The town has purchased a one
acre lot three houses away from yours, and plans to build a group home for ten intellectually
challenged adults.
As a resident of the neighborhood, would you support or oppose this proposal and why?
You've learned additional information about the residents of the proposed group home in your
neighborhood. In 2013, three of the ten intended residents exhibited challenging behaviors
including screaming, public masturbation, repetitive rocking, and echolalia (elective
incontinence). However, these behaviors have not occurred since then.
How would this change your opinion about the construction of the group home in your
neighborhood? 42
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43. The residents in your neighborhood voted (14-3) to reject the town of Amherst’s proposal to build a group home in the neighborhood. Town officials
agreed that the home would not be built in your neighborhood if you and your neighbors could develop a workable alternative.
What are some possible solutions that would allow the residents of the home to be provided with “the same basic human rights as the rest of the
population”?
As a resident of the neighborhood, I would not support this proposal. I understand that the proposal is hoping to provide the equal life and same
human rights for the people who have intellectual challenges. This his problem can solve in many ways instead of building the houses nearby the
residences. It seemly perfects to provide a normal and helpful environment for the intellectually challenged people but it broke the quiet and comfortable
environment for the rest of people because building the house would create some inconvenience and bother for me and my neighbors. Their challenging
behaviors would scare my children and people who have the lack of understanding for the special group of people. The complaints from neighbors also
would make the patients feel unwelcome and isolated.
Instead of building a group home in the neighborhood, it can build in a place where is a little bit far away from the residences field but have
large space for the patients to have activities and entertainment. To provided with "the same basic human rights", we can create some volunteer activities for
people to give patients a normal communication and interpersonal interaction. Because of understanding, volunteers can proceed a better communication and
activities to make the patients feel more comfortable and welcomed. Also, the patients are allowed to go out if with the professional medical workers or their
family member. I believe it is a helpful way to protect the basic human rights of all the population.
43

44. Response to The Connection Between Religion and Urban Planning by David
Engwicht
In his article, David Engwicht discusses the fact that religions (of all types) have
played major roles in the development of our cities. Today, places of worship are
primary components of almost all urban centers. Author Lorne Daniel writes “From
their often active role in supporting people who live in city centers to their iconic
influence on design and use of space, religious structures tell us a lot about our
history, our current needs, and where we might be headed in the future. This is an
aspect of our urban future that planners and urbanists should attend to.”
Identify a place of worship with which you are somewhat familiar. (If you are not
familiar with any places of worship, do a bit of research on one in your own city or
town.) Show a photograph of this religious structure. (You may use photographs
from the web.) What roles has this place served in the development of your
city/town? How has it influenced the design of the area around it? How has its role
changed over time? What roles could this place of worship play in the future
development of your city/town?
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45. This is one of the temples in my hometown. It always not located in the center of the town but on the Borden of the city and village, almost
are on the top of hill or mountains. In the picture, we can see that the surrounding environment of the temple is trees and plants. The plants are such like
isolated the temple from the messy and pollutional business zone. There is no road for people driving the car up to the destination. The only way is
walk and it is hoping the people come to pray in earnest. It is a place to aggregate all the people in the city and it treats everyone equally. Whatever you
are rich or poor, you have to do the same steps and walk to the temples. Also, the design of the temple still is the style of houses in ancient times because
Buddhism is started from the ancient times. It plays an important role for the people in the past because they think that the celestial being can help us to
make our dream come true and protect us. But as the time and the science developing, teenagers would not believe the existence of the celestial being
and fewer and fewer people would go to temples for pray. In the future, the old temples would keep because it contains our culture, features. It may
become a famous travel place for visitors to know about our culture.
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46. Response to Prospects for the Future of Diversity and Design
Consider the quote in your syllabus from educator Michael J. Shannon:
“Design, as vision in action--the intersection of understanding and creation--is a
universal human capability that can play a fundamental role in social evolution,
in the process that transforms resources, energy, and information to make our
world.”
At the beginning of this course, we discussed the idea that we are all designers
regardless of our profession or field of study. We’ve asked some big questions
along the way, and the conclusion section of our textbook raises additional
issues that require input from people who might not consider themselves to be
part of the formalized design professions.
Think about your own major and/or future profession. What is the biggest
challenge, problem, or question that your field needs to tackle right now?
What do you plan to do to address this challenge, problem, or question either
as part of your studies or professional life?
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47. My major is Applied Mathematics and I want to be a data analytics in the
future. I believe that the biggest challenge for my field needs to tackle is connecting
the number and the real society. The number is not just a number, every calculation
and organization are showing some problems and situations. If in the design, the data
can show the disadvantages and advantages of the product or building. If in the
society, the data can show some social problems which we need to solve. Life is
relative to the number. Data analytics need to get the accurate calculation and
organization to get the results and conclusion. Every error and wrong estimation
would cause some unbelievable serious dangers in the society. Data is one of the
facts for the development of the city, country, even the world. The way for me to
overcome the challenges is experiencing the environment with my heart, to really
connecting the data and the situations what I see. Getting the accurate results to help to
make a better products or policies to improve the society.
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