public health

1. ‫الرحيم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫بسم‬
‫المرسلين‬ ‫اشرف‬ ‫محمد‬ ‫نبينا‬ ‫على‬ ‫والصالة‬
The Role of Public Health for the
individual and community well
being.
By Zoha Alharbi
MPH,Riyadh KSA

2. ‫الحربي‬ ‫زهاء‬
‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬ ‫في‬ ‫ماجستير‬
/
‫معتمد‬ ‫مدرب‬
/
‫اليف‬
‫الفرد‬ ‫تنمية‬ ‫في‬ ‫كوتش‬
/
‫مجال‬ ‫في‬ ‫صحية‬ ‫باحثة‬
‫المرأة‬ ‫وصحة‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬
‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬ ‫مجال‬ ‫في‬ ‫خبرة‬
&
‫والبرامج‬ ‫األبحاث‬
‫والتميز‬ ‫الجودة‬ ‫الى‬ ‫باإلضافة‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫والمشاريع‬
‫الصحي‬ ‫القطاع‬ ‫في‬ ‫والتحول‬ ‫المؤسسي‬
.

3. 3
The Main Topics
Day 1(Introduction of public health )
1- Health Definition & Model .
2-What is Public Health ?
3-Public Health Approach.
4-Core Activities of Public Health.
5- Public Health Achievements &Importance.
6-Public Health Journey.

5. @The End of This Symposium
1- The Scientific Materials+ articles
2-Collaborate with any researcher
3-Counseling Help.
4-Rcommundation.

7. What is health
for you !!!

8. Health According to WHO
“A state of complete physical, mental, and
social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity” -1946
‫ا‬ ‫من‬ ‫حالة‬
‫الجانب‬ ‫كتمال‬
‫عجز‬ ‫أو‬ ‫مرض‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫عدم‬ ‫مجرد‬ ‫وليس‬ ‫واالجتماعي‬ ‫والعقلي‬ ‫الجسدي‬
”
-
1946

9. 9
Large number of deaths are premature.
Substantial proportion can be avoided .
Public health is related to preventing premature and
avoidable deaths .

10. A Model of Health
Exposure to Risk
Factors
Body resistance
Poor Health
Disease Condition
Disability Death

13. What is public
health for you
!!!

14. 1-Public Health Institute of Medicine Report (IOM).
THE FUTURE OF PUBLIC HEALTH. Washington DC: National
Academy Press. 1988.
Public health is what we, as a society, do collectively to
assure the conditions in which people can be healthy.”
Public health is a science and art of saving the lives of
millions at once by single decision or intervention.
‫بصحة‬ ‫فيها‬ ‫يتمتعوا‬ ‫أن‬ ‫للناس‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫التي‬ ‫الظروف‬ ‫لضمان‬ ‫جماعي‬ ‫بشكل‬ ، ‫كمجتمع‬ ، ‫به‬ ‫نقوم‬ ‫ما‬ ‫هي‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬
‫جيدة‬
."
‫واحد‬ ‫تدخل‬ ‫أو‬ ‫بقرار‬ ‫واحدة‬ ‫دفعة‬ ‫الماليين‬ ‫حياة‬ ‫إلنقاذ‬ ‫وفن‬ ‫علم‬ ‫هي‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬
.

15. 2-The Oxford Textbook of Public Health
The process of mobilizing and engaging local, state, national, and
international resources to assure the conditions in which people can
be healthy.
‫الظروف‬ ‫لضمان‬ ‫وإشراكها‬ ‫والدولية‬ ‫والوطنية‬ ‫والوالئية‬ ‫المحلية‬ ‫الموارد‬ ‫تعبئة‬ ‫عملية‬
‫التي‬
‫جيدة‬ ‫بصحة‬ ‫الناس‬ ‫فيها‬ ‫يتمتع‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يمكن‬
.

16. 3-Public Health
 The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and
promoting health and efficiency through organized community
effort.
CEA Winslow, 1920
Charles-Edward Amory Winslow
‫من‬ ‫والكفاءة‬ ‫الصحة‬ ‫وتعزيز‬ ‫العمر‬ ‫وإطالة‬ ‫األمراض‬ ‫من‬ ‫الوقاية‬ ‫وفن‬ ‫علم‬
‫منظم‬ ‫مجتمعي‬ ‫جهد‬ ‫خالل‬
.

17. The sanitation of the environment
The control of communicable infections
The education of the individual in personal hygiene
The organization of medical and nursing services for the early diagnosis and preventive
treatment of disease, and
The development of the social machinery to ensure everyone a
standard of living adequate for maintenance of health
So, organizing these benefits as to enable every citizen to realize his birth right of health
and longevity.

18. Public Health is many things
A System
A Profession
A Method
Government Service
The Health of the Public

19. Public Health
Public Health deals with the group of people rather than
individuals.
Dimensions of public health
Health promotion
Disease prevention
Early diagnosis and prompt treatment
Disability limitation
Rehabilitation

20. 20

21. 21
Components of PH
Public health is an interdisciplinary field. It includes:
Epidemiology,
Biostatistics
Management of health services
Environmental health,
Community health,
Behavioral health,
Health economics,
Public policy,
Mental health,
Occupational safety,
Gender issues in health, and
Sexual and reproductive health.

22. 22

23. 23

24. “
24
Importance of Public Health

25. Share your opinion

26. Importance of Public Health
1-Public health helps prolong the lives of people with the help of
preventive measures which keep the body healthy and fit to live
longer. With a good public health program, the people in the society
can live healthier for a longer time.
‫تحافظ‬ ‫التي‬ ‫الوقائية‬ ‫التدابير‬ ‫بمساعدة‬ ‫الناس‬ ‫عمر‬ ‫إطالة‬ ‫على‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬ ‫تساعد‬
‫صحة‬ ‫على‬
‫أطول‬ ‫ليعيش‬ ‫وصالحة‬ ‫الجسم‬
.
‫في‬ ‫للناس‬ ‫يمكن‬ ، ‫العامة‬ ‫للصحة‬ ‫جيد‬ ‫برنامج‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫مع‬
‫أطول‬ ‫لفترة‬ ‫أفضل‬ ‫بصحة‬ ‫يعيشوا‬ ‫أن‬ ‫المجتمع‬
.

27. Importance of Public Health
2-Public health creates programs to prevent diseases rather
than curing them as prevention can be far more effective
and less expensive than the cure.
•
‫أ‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫الوقاية‬ ‫ألن‬ ‫عالجها‬ ‫من‬ ً‫ال‬‫بد‬ ‫األمراض‬ ‫من‬ ‫للوقاية‬ ‫برامج‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬ ‫تضع‬
‫ن‬
‫العالج‬ ‫من‬ ‫تكلفة‬ ‫وأقل‬ ‫فعالية‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫تكون‬
.

29. Importance of Public Health
3-Public health also operates to provide equal health opportunities to
everyone. The children, women, and men of all ages are equally
treated under public health programs which helps in improving the
condition of the entire society
‫للجميع‬ ‫متساوية‬ ‫صحية‬ ‫فرص‬ ‫توفير‬ ‫على‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬ ‫تعمل‬
.
‫ا‬ ‫مع‬ ‫التعامل‬ ‫يتم‬
‫ألطفال‬
‫التي‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬ ‫برامج‬ ‫إطار‬ ‫في‬ ‫المساواة‬ ‫قدم‬ ‫على‬ ‫األعمار‬ ‫جميع‬ ‫من‬ ‫والرجال‬ ‫والنساء‬
‫بأسره‬ ‫المجتمع‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫تحسين‬ ‫في‬ ‫تساعد‬

30. .
4-Public health researches target the biggest problems of the healthcare of
society. The people who study public healthcare are constantly researching
remedies for diabetes, heart diseases, and cancer to improve the health and
well being of society.
https://www.nwph.net/nwpho/publications/SuicideintheNW.pdf
‫للمجتمع‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫الرعاية‬ ‫مشاكل‬ ‫أكبر‬ ‫تستهدف‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬ ‫أبحاث‬
.
‫عن‬ ‫باستمرار‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫الرعاية‬ ‫يدرسون‬ ‫الذين‬ ‫األشخاص‬ ‫يبحث‬
‫ورفاهه‬ ‫المجتمع‬ ‫صحة‬ ‫لتحسين‬ ‫والسرطان‬ ‫القلب‬ ‫وأمراض‬ ‫السكري‬ ‫لمرض‬ ‫عالجات‬
Importance of Public Health

31. Importance of Public Health
5-Public health creates awareness in society about the benefits
of staying healthy. It aware the people about the health hazards with
educational programs, campaigns, and several government policies
and advertisements.
‫جيدة‬ ‫صحة‬ ‫في‬ ‫البقاء‬ ‫فوائد‬ ‫حول‬ ‫المجتمع‬ ‫في‬ ‫الوعي‬ ‫تخلق‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬
.
‫توع‬ ‫إنها‬
‫الناس‬ ‫ية‬
‫واإل‬ ‫السياسات‬ ‫من‬ ‫والعديد‬ ‫والحمالت‬ ‫التعليمية‬ ‫البرامج‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫من‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫بالمخاطر‬
‫عالنات‬
‫الحكومية‬

32. 6-Public health researches are focused on detecting the issues and causes of a disease which can
be troublesome for the entire society. They mainly focus on viral diseases and research preventive
measures in order to control diseases. It helps detect the disease as early as possible in order to
find early solutions and preventions to avoid the development of the disease.
https://www.nwph.net/nwpho/publications/SuicideintheNW.pdf
Importance of Public Health
‫بأسره‬ ‫للمجتمع‬ ‫مزعجا‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫الذي‬ ‫المرض‬ ‫وأسباب‬ ‫قضايا‬ ‫عن‬ ‫الكشف‬ ‫على‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الصحة‬ ‫أبحاث‬ ‫تركز‬
.
‫أساسي‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫يركزون‬
‫األمراض‬ ‫على‬ ‫السيطرة‬ ‫أجل‬ ‫من‬ ‫الوقائية‬ ‫التدابير‬ ‫في‬ ‫والبحث‬ ‫الفيروسية‬ ‫األمراض‬ ‫على‬
.
‫وقت‬ ‫أقرب‬ ‫في‬ ‫المرض‬ ‫عن‬ ‫الكشف‬ ‫في‬ ‫يساعد‬
‫المرض‬ ‫تطور‬ ‫لتجنب‬ ‫المبكرة‬ ‫والوقاية‬ ‫الحلول‬ ‫إيجاد‬ ‫أجل‬ ‫من‬ ‫ممكن‬

33. Reductions in Child Mortality
a decrease of approximately 2 million during the past decade. From 77 deaths per 1,000
live births in 2000, the child mortality rate declined to 62 per 1,000 in 2009. The annual
rate of decline in the child mortality rate has increased substantially, from 1.3% per
year in the 1990s to 2.2% since 2000. Approximately 99% of all childhood deaths occur
in low-income and middle-income countries, with 49% occurring in sub-Saharan Africa
and 33% in southern Asia.
‫بنحو‬ ‫انخفاض‬
2
‫الماضي‬ ‫العقد‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫مليون‬
.
‫من‬
77
‫لكل‬ ‫وفاة‬ ‫حالة‬
1000
‫عام‬ ‫في‬ ‫حي‬ ‫مولود‬
2000
‫األطفال‬ ‫وفيات‬ ‫معدل‬ ‫انخفض‬ ،
‫إلى‬
62
‫لكل‬
1000
‫عام‬ ‫في‬
2009
.
‫من‬ ، ‫كبير‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫األطفال‬ ‫وفيات‬ ‫معدل‬ ‫في‬ ‫لالنخفاض‬ ‫السنوي‬ ‫المعدل‬ ‫وزاد‬
1.3
‫في‬ ‫ًا‬‫ي‬‫سنو‬ ٪
‫إلى‬ ‫التسعينيات‬
2.2
‫عام‬ ‫منذ‬ ٪
2000
.
‫من‬ ‫يقرب‬ ‫ما‬
99
‫الدخل‬ ‫ومتوسطة‬ ‫الدخل‬ ‫منخفضة‬ ‫البلدان‬ ‫في‬ ‫تحدث‬ ‫األطفال‬ ‫وفيات‬ ‫جميع‬ ‫من‬ ٪
‫مع‬ ،
49
‫و‬ ‫الكبرى‬ ‫الصحراء‬ ‫جنوب‬ ‫أفريقيا‬ ‫في‬ ‫تحدث‬ ٪
33
‫آسيا‬ ‫جنوب‬ ‫في‬ ٪
.
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a5_addinfo.htm.

34. Access to Safe Water and Sanitation
the proportion with access to improved sanitation increased from 58% to 61% (covering an
additional 570 million persons. These gains were made through WASH initiatives to increase
water and sanitation coverage and promote hygienic behaviors (e.g., hand washing), as
well as through maintaining existing services.
‫من‬ ‫المحسن‬ ‫الصحي‬ ‫الصرف‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫الوصول‬ ‫نسبة‬ ‫ارتفعت‬
58
‫إلى‬ ٪
61
٪
(
‫تغطي‬
570
‫إضافي‬ ‫شخص‬ ‫مليون‬
( )
7
.)
‫من‬ ‫المكاسب‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫تحقيق‬ ‫تم‬
‫الصحية‬ ‫السلوكيات‬ ‫وتعزيز‬ ‫الصحي‬ ‫والصرف‬ ‫المياه‬ ‫تغطية‬ ‫لزيادة‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫والنظافة‬ ‫الصحي‬ ‫والصرف‬ ‫المياه‬ ‫مبادرات‬ ‫خالل‬
(
‫اليدين‬ ‫غسل‬ ‫مثل‬
)
‫الحالية‬ ‫الخدمات‬ ‫على‬ ‫الحفاظ‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫من‬ ‫وكذلك‬ ،
.

35. Tobacco Control
In 2000, 4.8 million premature deaths were attributable to tobacco
use
The total global population covered by comprehensive smoke-free laws
increased from 3.1% in 2007 to 5.4% in 2008, providing protection for an
additional 154 million person
‫من‬ ‫الشاملة‬ ‫التدخين‬ ‫منع‬ ‫بقوانين‬ ‫المشمولين‬ ‫العالم‬ ‫سكان‬ ‫عدد‬ ‫إجمالي‬ ‫ارتفع‬
3.1
‫عام‬ ‫في‬ ٪
2007
‫إلى‬
5.4
‫عام‬ ‫في‬ ٪
2008
‫لـ‬ ‫الحماية‬ ‫يوفر‬ ‫مما‬ ،
154
‫إضافي‬ ‫شخص‬ ‫مليون‬

36. Increased Awareness and Response for Improving Global Road
Safety
From 2001 to 2009, the number of annual traffic-related fatalities in the European Union
declined 36%, from 55,700 to 34,900
The largest declines in the traffic-related mortality rates from 2000 to 2009 were
observed in Spain and Portugal; rates decreased 59.2% in Spain, from 14.5 deaths per
100,000 population to 5.9, and 47% in Portugal, from 12.9 to 6.8
‫عام‬ ‫من‬
2001
‫عام‬ ‫إلى‬
2009
‫بنسبة‬ ‫األوروبي‬ ‫االتحاد‬ ‫في‬ ‫بالمرور‬ ‫المرتبطة‬ ‫السنوية‬ ‫الوفيات‬ ‫عدد‬ ‫انخفض‬ ،
36
‫من‬ ، ٪
55700
‫إلى‬
34900
‫عام‬ ‫من‬ ‫بالمرور‬ ‫المرتبطة‬ ‫الوفيات‬ ‫معدالت‬ ‫في‬ ‫انخفاض‬ ‫أكبر‬ ‫لوحظ‬
2000
‫عام‬ ‫إلى‬
2009
‫بنسبة‬ ‫المعدالت‬ ‫انخفضت‬ ‫؛‬ ‫والبرتغال‬ ‫إسبانيا‬ ‫في‬
59.2
‫في‬ ٪
‫من‬ ، ‫إسبانيا‬
14.5
‫لكل‬ ‫وفاة‬ ‫حالة‬
100000
‫إلى‬ ‫نسمة‬
5.9
‫و‬ ،
47
‫من‬ ، ‫البرتغال‬ ‫في‬ ٪
12.9
‫إلى‬
6.8

37. 37

38. Public Health Approach
● Public Health Model
Population
Disease Prevention
Health Promotion
Interventions
Environment
Human behavior
● Medical Model
Individual
Diagnosis
Treatment
Intervention
Medical care

39. Ten Essential Public Health Services
1. Monitor Health
2. Diagnose and Investigate
3. Inform, Educate, Empower
4. Mobilize Community Partnership
5. Develop Policies
6. Enforce Laws
7. Provide Care
8. Assure a Competent Workforce
9. Evaluate
10. Research
39

40. Core Activities of Public Health
1. Prevents epidemics and the spread of disease
2. Protects against environmental hazards
3. Responds to disasters and assists communities in
recovery
4. Prevents injuries
5. Promotes healthy behaviors
6. Assures the quality, accessibility and
accountability of health services

41. 7. Monitoring the health status of the population
8. Mobilizing community action
9. Reaching out to link high-risk and hard-to-reach people to
needed services
10. Researching to develop new insights and innovative
solutions
11. Leading the development of sound health policy and
planning
Core Activities of Public Health

42. Ten Great Public Health Achievements
1-Vaccination
2-Motor-vehicle safety
3-Safer workplaces
4-Control of infectious
diseases
5-Decline in deaths from
coronary heart disease
and stroke
6-Safer and healthier
foods
7-Healthier mothers and
babies
8-Family planning
9-Fluoridation of drinking
water
10-Recognition of tobacco
use as a health hazard
CDC, 1999

43. 43
Stakeholder Roles in Public Health

44. Partners in the Public Health System
Ensuring the Conditions
for Population Health
Community
Clinical Care
Delivery System
Government
Public Health
Infrastructure
Employers
and Businesses
The Media
Academia
44

45. Other Partners in Public Health
Media
Employers
and Businesses
Government
Agencies
• Vehicle for public discourse
• Health education and promotion
• Health communication
• Social media as catalyst
• Employer-sponsored health insurance
programs
• Wellness initiatives and benefits
• Healthy workplaces and communities
• City planning
• Education
• Health in all policies
• Education
Academia
• Training
• Research
• Public Service
45

46. “
46
Public health journey

47. PHASES OFPUBLICHEAL
TH
Disease control phase (1880 – 1920)
Health promotional phase(1920 – 1960)
Social engineering phase (1960 – 1980)
‘Health forAll’phase (1981 – 2000AD)

48. 1.
Disease control phase (1880 - 1920)
• Public health during the 19th century was largely a
matter of Sanitary legislation and Sanitary reforms
aimed at the control of man’s Physical environment,
e.g., water supply, sewage disposal, etc.
• Clearly these measures were not aimed at the control
of any specific disease
• However, these measures vastly improved the health
of the people due to disease and death control.

49. 2. Health promotional phase (1920 - 1960)
At the beginning of the 20th century, a new
concept, the concept of "Health Promotion"
began to take shape.

50. • Mother and child health services,
• School health services,
• Industrial health services,
• Mental health and
• Rehabilitation services.

51. • With the advances in preventive medicine
and practice of public health, the pattern
of disease began to change in the
developed world.
• Many of the acute illness problems have
been brought under control.
3.
Social engineering phase (1960 - 1980)

52. • A new concept, the concept of "risk factors" as
determinants of these diseases came into
existence.
• The consequences of these diseases, unlike the
swift death brought by the acute infectious
diseases, was to place a chronic burden on the
society that created them. These problems brought
new challenges to public health which needed
reorientation more towards social objectives.

53. Public health entered a new phase in
the 1960s, described as the "social
engineering" phase

54. NEW PRIORITY WERE GIVEN TO
• Social and behavioural aspects of
disease and health .
• Public health moved into the
preventive and rehabilitative aspects of
chronic diseases and behavioural
problems.

56. 4.
Health for All (1981 - 2000)
• Most people in the developed countries, and the elite of the
developing countries, enjoy all the determinants of good health -
adequate income, nutrition, education, sanitation, safe drinking
water and comprehensive health care.
• In contrast, only 10 to 20% of the population in developing
countries enjoy ready access to health services of any kind.

58. “
⪢ Thank you ..
⪢ zohaalharbi@gmail.com
58