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By
Dr. Abhishek Srivastava
Model of Teaching
• Bruce Joyce & Marsha Weil defined
“A model of teaching is a pattern or plan which can be
taken up with a view to shape a curriculum or course to
select appropriate instructional material and to guide the
teacher’s action”
शिक्षण का एक मॉडल एक पैटर्न या योजर्ा है जो
उचित शिक्षण सामग्री का ियर् करर्े और शिक्षक
की कारनवाई का मार्नदिनर् करर्े के शलए एक
पाठ्यक्रम या पाठ्यक्रम को आकार देर्े के शलए शलया
जा सकता है ”
WHAT IS A MODEL OF TEACHING ?
"शिक्षण मॉडल शसर्न नर्देिात्मक डडजाइर् हैं। वे वविेष
पयानवरणीय पररस्थिनतयों को नर्र्दनष्ट करर्े और उत्पन्र् करर्े
की प्रक्रक्रया का वणनर् करते हैं, जो छात्रों को इस तरह से बातिीत
करर्े का कारण बर्ाते हैं क्रक व्यवहार में ववशिष्ट पररवतनर् होते
हैं"
“Teaching models are just instructional designs .They
describe the process of specifying and producing
particular environmental situations which cause the
students to interact in such a way that specific
changes occur in the behaviour”
 Scientific procedure
 Specification of learning outcome
 Specification of environment
 Specification of criterion of performance
 ज्ञानर्क प्रक्रक्रया
 सीखर्े के पररणामों की ववशिष्टता
 पयानवरण की ववशिष्टता
 प्रदिनर् की कसौटी की ववशिष्टता
CHARACTERISTICS
 Help in bringing about desirable changes in the
behaviour of learners
 Help in achieving desirable teacher-pupil interaction
during teaching
 Help in the construction of a curriculum or
content of a course
 शिक्षाचिनयों के व्यवहार में वाांछर्ीय पररवतनर् लार्े में
सहायता करें
 शिक्षण के दौरार् वाांछर्ीय शिक्षक-शिष्य सांपकन को प्राप्त
करर्े में सहायता करें
 क्रकसी पाठ्यक्रम या पाठ्यक्रम की सामग्री के नर्मानण में
सहायता करें
FUNCTIONS
 छात्र की सामास्जक दक्षता, व्यस्ततर्त क्षमताओां, सांज्ञार्ात्मक
क्षमताओां और व्यवहार सांबांधी पहलुओां को ववकशसत करर्े के शलए
उपयोर्ी है
 उचित िैक्षक्षक र्नतववचधयों को डडजाइर् करर्े में सहायता करें
 उचित शिक्षण तकर्ीकों, रणर्ीनतयों और ववचधयों का ियर् करर्े के
शलए शिक्षक का मार्नदिनर् करर्े में सहायता करें
 शिक्षण के एक शसदधाांत के नर्मानण में मदद करें
 Useful to develop social efficiency, personal abilities, cognitive
abilities and behavioural aspects of the student
 Help in designing appropriate educational activities
 Help in guiding the teacher to select appropriate teaching
techniques, strategies and methods
 Help in the formation of a theory of teaching
 Four major components are included in all teaching models.
 Each of these components will vary with the models
 The five major components are;
 सभी शिक्षण मॉडल में िार प्रमुख घटक िाशमल हैं।
 इर् घटकों में से प्रत्येक मॉडल के साि अलर्-अलर् होर्ा
 पाांि प्रमुख घटक हैं;
1. Focus र्ोकस
2. Syntax वातय - ववन्यास
3. Social system सामास्जक व्यवथिा
4. Principles of reaction प्रनतक्रक्रया के शसदधाांत
5. Support system समिनर् प्रणाली
ELEMENTS
Focus
 Central aspect of a model
 It includes the objectives of teaching and aspects of the
environment
 एक मॉडल का कें द्रीय पहलू
 इसमें पयानवरण के शिक्षण और पहलुओां के उददेश्य िाशमल हैं
Syntax
 शिक्षण के पूणन कायनक्रम के सांर्ठर् में िाशमल कदमों का क्रम
 ववशभन्र् मॉडलों में िाशमल िरण अलर्-अलर् होंर्े
 The sequence of steps involved in the organization of the
complete programme of teaching
 The phases involved in the different models will differ
• Social system
 The relationship between the teacher and the
learners as well as the role played by each in
the activities that take place
 सामास्जक व्यवथिा
 शिक्षक और शिक्षाचिनयों के बीि सांबांध और साि ही
साि होर्े वाली र्नतववचधयों में प्रत्येक दवारा नर्भाई
र्ई भूशमका
• Principles of reaction
 The nature of reaction expected from the teacher to every
• pupil activity
 It give guidance to the teacher as to how he is expected to react to each
activity of the learners, to suit the characteristics of the model selected
 शिक्षक से प्रत्येक को अपेक्षक्षत प्रनतक्रक्रया की प्रकृ नत
 शिष्य र्नतववचध
 यह शिक्षक को मार्नदिनर् देता है क्रक उसे क्रकस प्रकार
शिक्षाचिनयों की प्रत्येक र्नतववचध पर प्रनतक्रक्रया करर्े की
अपेक्षा की जाती है, ियनर्त मॉडल की वविेषताओां के अर्ुरूप
• Support system
 शिक्षक की सामान्य मार्व कौिल या क्षमताओां के अलावा अन्य अनतररतत
आवश्यकताएां
 सुववधाएां आमतौर पर कक्षा में उपलब्ध हैं
 अचग्रम में इस समिनर् प्रणाली का वववरण शिक्षक को यह सुनर्स्श्ित करर्े में
मदद करेर्ा क्रक वह मॉडल को सर्लतापूवनक लार्ू कर सकता है।
 Additional requirements other than the usual human skills or
capacities of the teacher
 The facilities usually available in the classroom
 A description of this support system in advance will help the
teacher ensure that he can apply the model successfully.
Teaching models are organized into four families on the basis
of the way they approach educational goals and means
1. The information processing family सूिर्ा सांसाधर्
पररवार
2. The personal family व्यस्ततर्त पररवार
3. The social interaction family सामास्जक सांपकन पररवार
4. The behavioural modification family व्यवहार सांिोधर्
पररवार
FAMILIES OF TEACHING MODELS
family focus on intellectual capacity
The primary purpose are;
 Mastering of the method of enquiry
 Developing the skill for processing information
 Fostering the ability to think logically
यह पररवार बौदचधक क्षमता पर ध्यार् कें र्द्रत करता है
प्रािशमक उददेश्य हैं;
जाांि की ववचध का मार्हर
प्रसांथकरण जार्कारी के शलए कौिल का ववकास करर्ा
ताक्रकन क रूप से सोिर्े की क्षमता को बढावा देर्ा
INFORMATION PROCESSING FAMILY
उदाहरण
सांकल्पर्ा प्रास्प्त मॉडल - जेरोम एस ब्रूर्र
प्रेरक सोि मॉडल - र्हल्डा ताबा
इांतवायरी ट्रेनर्ांर् मॉडल - जे। ररिडन सुमैर्
एडवाांस ऑर्नर्ाइज़र मॉडल - डेववड ऑिुबेल
मेमोरी मॉडल - जेरी लुकास
जैववक ववज्ञार् पूछताछ मॉडल - जोसेर् श्वाब
सांज्ञार्ात्मक ववकास मॉडल - जीर् वपयार्ेट, एडमांड सुशलवर्
 Examples
• Concept Attainment Model - Jerome SBruner
• Inductive Thinking Model - Hilda Taba
• Inquiry Training Model - J. Richard Suchman
• Advance Organizer Model - DavidAusubel
• Memory Model - Jerry Lucas
• Biological Science Inquiry Model - Joseph Schwab
• Cognitive Growth model - Jean Piaget, Edmund Sullivan
• deals with the personal development of the individual
 The primary goals are
 Toincrease the students sense of self worth
 Tohelp students understand themselves more fully
 Tohelp students refine their emotions
 Tofoster the students creativity
• व्यस्तत के व्यस्ततर्त ववकास से सांबांचधत है
• प्रािशमक लक्ष्य हैं
• छात्रों में आत्म-मूल्य की भावर्ा बढार्े के शलए
• छात्रों को खुद को और अचधक पूरी तरह से समझर्े में मदद करर्े के शलए
• छात्रों को अपर्ी भावर्ाओां को पररष्कृ त करर्े में मदद करर्े के शलए
• छात्रों की रिर्ात्मकता को बढावा देर्े के शलए
PERSONAL FAMILY
• उदाहरण
• र्ॉर्-डायरेस्तटव टीचिांर् मॉडल - कालन रोजसन
• शसांिेर्टतस मॉडल - ववशलयम जे। जे। र्ॉडनर्
• वैिाररक प्रणाली मॉडल - डेववड हांट
• जार्रूकता प्रशिक्षण मॉडल - ववशलयम िूत्ज़, जॉजन ब्राउर्
• तलास रूम शिक्षण मॉडल - ववशलयम ग्लासर
 Examples
• Non-Directive Teaching model - Carl Rogers
• Synetics Model - William J. J. Gordon
• Conceptual System Model – David Hunt
• Awareness Training model - William Schutz, George
Brown
• Class room teaching model - William Glasser
 This family emphasis the relationship of the individual to
society
 The primary goals are;
• To train work together
• To develop students skills for maintaining
human relations
• To inculcate personal and social values
•यह पररवार समाज के व्यस्तत के सांबांधों पर जोर देता है
प्रािशमक लक्ष्य हैं;
• एक साि काम को प्रशिक्षक्षत करर्े के शलए
• मार्वीय सांबांधों को बर्ाए रखर्े के शलए छात्रों के कौिल का
ववकास करर्ा
• व्यस्ततर्त और सामास्जक मूल्यों को ववकशसत करर्े के शलए
SOCIAL INTERACTION FAMILY
• उदाहरण
• ग्रुप इांवेस्थटर्ेिर् मॉडल - हबनटन िेलेर्
• रोल प्लेइांर् मॉडल - र्ै र्ी िाफ़्ट और र्ेरर्ॉफ़ िाफ़्ट
• न्यायिास्र पूछताछ मॉडल - डोर्ाल्ड ओशलवर
• सामास्जक शसमुलेिर् मॉडल - सरेर् बोकोक
• सोिल इांतवायरी मॉडल - बेंजाशमर् कॉतस, ब्रेर् माशसयालस
 Examples
 Group Investigation Model - Herbert Thelen
 Role Playing Model - Fannie Shaftel & Gerorge
Shaftel
 Jurisprudential Inquiry Model - Donald Oliver
 Social Simulation Model - Saren Boocock
 Social Inquiry Model - Benjamin Cox, Byren
Massialas
 It emphasis on changing the observable behaviour of the learner
 The specific goals are;
 Todevelop competency to adopt behaviour styles appropriate to given situations
 Tolearn strategies for self control through operant methods
 Tomaster techniques for stress reduction
 Tofoster leadership quality
यह सीखर्े वाले के अवलोकर् योग्य व्यवहार को बदलर्े पर जोर देता है
ववशिष्ट लक्ष्य हैं;
दी र्ई स्थिनतयों के शलए उपयुतत व्यवहार िैशलयों को अपर्ार्े के शलए योग्यता ववकशसत करर्ा
ऑपरेटर के माध्यम से आत्म नर्यांत्रण के शलए रणर्ीनत सीखर्ा
तरीकों
तर्ाव कम करर्े के शलए तकर्ीकों में महारत हाशसल करर्ा
र्ेतृत्व की र्ुणवत्ता को बढावा देर्े के शलए
BEHAVIOURAL MODIFICATION FAMILY
Models of teaching

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Models of teaching

  • 2. • Bruce Joyce & Marsha Weil defined “A model of teaching is a pattern or plan which can be taken up with a view to shape a curriculum or course to select appropriate instructional material and to guide the teacher’s action” शिक्षण का एक मॉडल एक पैटर्न या योजर्ा है जो उचित शिक्षण सामग्री का ियर् करर्े और शिक्षक की कारनवाई का मार्नदिनर् करर्े के शलए एक पाठ्यक्रम या पाठ्यक्रम को आकार देर्े के शलए शलया जा सकता है ” WHAT IS A MODEL OF TEACHING ?
  • 3. "शिक्षण मॉडल शसर्न नर्देिात्मक डडजाइर् हैं। वे वविेष पयानवरणीय पररस्थिनतयों को नर्र्दनष्ट करर्े और उत्पन्र् करर्े की प्रक्रक्रया का वणनर् करते हैं, जो छात्रों को इस तरह से बातिीत करर्े का कारण बर्ाते हैं क्रक व्यवहार में ववशिष्ट पररवतनर् होते हैं" “Teaching models are just instructional designs .They describe the process of specifying and producing particular environmental situations which cause the students to interact in such a way that specific changes occur in the behaviour”
  • 4.  Scientific procedure  Specification of learning outcome  Specification of environment  Specification of criterion of performance  ज्ञानर्क प्रक्रक्रया  सीखर्े के पररणामों की ववशिष्टता  पयानवरण की ववशिष्टता  प्रदिनर् की कसौटी की ववशिष्टता CHARACTERISTICS
  • 5.  Help in bringing about desirable changes in the behaviour of learners  Help in achieving desirable teacher-pupil interaction during teaching  Help in the construction of a curriculum or content of a course  शिक्षाचिनयों के व्यवहार में वाांछर्ीय पररवतनर् लार्े में सहायता करें  शिक्षण के दौरार् वाांछर्ीय शिक्षक-शिष्य सांपकन को प्राप्त करर्े में सहायता करें  क्रकसी पाठ्यक्रम या पाठ्यक्रम की सामग्री के नर्मानण में सहायता करें FUNCTIONS
  • 6.  छात्र की सामास्जक दक्षता, व्यस्ततर्त क्षमताओां, सांज्ञार्ात्मक क्षमताओां और व्यवहार सांबांधी पहलुओां को ववकशसत करर्े के शलए उपयोर्ी है  उचित िैक्षक्षक र्नतववचधयों को डडजाइर् करर्े में सहायता करें  उचित शिक्षण तकर्ीकों, रणर्ीनतयों और ववचधयों का ियर् करर्े के शलए शिक्षक का मार्नदिनर् करर्े में सहायता करें  शिक्षण के एक शसदधाांत के नर्मानण में मदद करें  Useful to develop social efficiency, personal abilities, cognitive abilities and behavioural aspects of the student  Help in designing appropriate educational activities  Help in guiding the teacher to select appropriate teaching techniques, strategies and methods  Help in the formation of a theory of teaching
  • 7.  Four major components are included in all teaching models.  Each of these components will vary with the models  The five major components are;  सभी शिक्षण मॉडल में िार प्रमुख घटक िाशमल हैं।  इर् घटकों में से प्रत्येक मॉडल के साि अलर्-अलर् होर्ा  पाांि प्रमुख घटक हैं; 1. Focus र्ोकस 2. Syntax वातय - ववन्यास 3. Social system सामास्जक व्यवथिा 4. Principles of reaction प्रनतक्रक्रया के शसदधाांत 5. Support system समिनर् प्रणाली ELEMENTS
  • 8. Focus  Central aspect of a model  It includes the objectives of teaching and aspects of the environment  एक मॉडल का कें द्रीय पहलू  इसमें पयानवरण के शिक्षण और पहलुओां के उददेश्य िाशमल हैं Syntax  शिक्षण के पूणन कायनक्रम के सांर्ठर् में िाशमल कदमों का क्रम  ववशभन्र् मॉडलों में िाशमल िरण अलर्-अलर् होंर्े  The sequence of steps involved in the organization of the complete programme of teaching  The phases involved in the different models will differ
  • 9. • Social system  The relationship between the teacher and the learners as well as the role played by each in the activities that take place  सामास्जक व्यवथिा  शिक्षक और शिक्षाचिनयों के बीि सांबांध और साि ही साि होर्े वाली र्नतववचधयों में प्रत्येक दवारा नर्भाई र्ई भूशमका
  • 10. • Principles of reaction  The nature of reaction expected from the teacher to every • pupil activity  It give guidance to the teacher as to how he is expected to react to each activity of the learners, to suit the characteristics of the model selected  शिक्षक से प्रत्येक को अपेक्षक्षत प्रनतक्रक्रया की प्रकृ नत  शिष्य र्नतववचध  यह शिक्षक को मार्नदिनर् देता है क्रक उसे क्रकस प्रकार शिक्षाचिनयों की प्रत्येक र्नतववचध पर प्रनतक्रक्रया करर्े की अपेक्षा की जाती है, ियनर्त मॉडल की वविेषताओां के अर्ुरूप
  • 11. • Support system  शिक्षक की सामान्य मार्व कौिल या क्षमताओां के अलावा अन्य अनतररतत आवश्यकताएां  सुववधाएां आमतौर पर कक्षा में उपलब्ध हैं  अचग्रम में इस समिनर् प्रणाली का वववरण शिक्षक को यह सुनर्स्श्ित करर्े में मदद करेर्ा क्रक वह मॉडल को सर्लतापूवनक लार्ू कर सकता है।  Additional requirements other than the usual human skills or capacities of the teacher  The facilities usually available in the classroom  A description of this support system in advance will help the teacher ensure that he can apply the model successfully.
  • 12. Teaching models are organized into four families on the basis of the way they approach educational goals and means 1. The information processing family सूिर्ा सांसाधर् पररवार 2. The personal family व्यस्ततर्त पररवार 3. The social interaction family सामास्जक सांपकन पररवार 4. The behavioural modification family व्यवहार सांिोधर् पररवार FAMILIES OF TEACHING MODELS
  • 13. family focus on intellectual capacity The primary purpose are;  Mastering of the method of enquiry  Developing the skill for processing information  Fostering the ability to think logically यह पररवार बौदचधक क्षमता पर ध्यार् कें र्द्रत करता है प्रािशमक उददेश्य हैं; जाांि की ववचध का मार्हर प्रसांथकरण जार्कारी के शलए कौिल का ववकास करर्ा ताक्रकन क रूप से सोिर्े की क्षमता को बढावा देर्ा INFORMATION PROCESSING FAMILY
  • 14. उदाहरण सांकल्पर्ा प्रास्प्त मॉडल - जेरोम एस ब्रूर्र प्रेरक सोि मॉडल - र्हल्डा ताबा इांतवायरी ट्रेनर्ांर् मॉडल - जे। ररिडन सुमैर् एडवाांस ऑर्नर्ाइज़र मॉडल - डेववड ऑिुबेल मेमोरी मॉडल - जेरी लुकास जैववक ववज्ञार् पूछताछ मॉडल - जोसेर् श्वाब सांज्ञार्ात्मक ववकास मॉडल - जीर् वपयार्ेट, एडमांड सुशलवर्  Examples • Concept Attainment Model - Jerome SBruner • Inductive Thinking Model - Hilda Taba • Inquiry Training Model - J. Richard Suchman • Advance Organizer Model - DavidAusubel • Memory Model - Jerry Lucas • Biological Science Inquiry Model - Joseph Schwab • Cognitive Growth model - Jean Piaget, Edmund Sullivan
  • 15. • deals with the personal development of the individual  The primary goals are  Toincrease the students sense of self worth  Tohelp students understand themselves more fully  Tohelp students refine their emotions  Tofoster the students creativity • व्यस्तत के व्यस्ततर्त ववकास से सांबांचधत है • प्रािशमक लक्ष्य हैं • छात्रों में आत्म-मूल्य की भावर्ा बढार्े के शलए • छात्रों को खुद को और अचधक पूरी तरह से समझर्े में मदद करर्े के शलए • छात्रों को अपर्ी भावर्ाओां को पररष्कृ त करर्े में मदद करर्े के शलए • छात्रों की रिर्ात्मकता को बढावा देर्े के शलए PERSONAL FAMILY
  • 16. • उदाहरण • र्ॉर्-डायरेस्तटव टीचिांर् मॉडल - कालन रोजसन • शसांिेर्टतस मॉडल - ववशलयम जे। जे। र्ॉडनर् • वैिाररक प्रणाली मॉडल - डेववड हांट • जार्रूकता प्रशिक्षण मॉडल - ववशलयम िूत्ज़, जॉजन ब्राउर् • तलास रूम शिक्षण मॉडल - ववशलयम ग्लासर  Examples • Non-Directive Teaching model - Carl Rogers • Synetics Model - William J. J. Gordon • Conceptual System Model – David Hunt • Awareness Training model - William Schutz, George Brown • Class room teaching model - William Glasser
  • 17.  This family emphasis the relationship of the individual to society  The primary goals are; • To train work together • To develop students skills for maintaining human relations • To inculcate personal and social values •यह पररवार समाज के व्यस्तत के सांबांधों पर जोर देता है प्रािशमक लक्ष्य हैं; • एक साि काम को प्रशिक्षक्षत करर्े के शलए • मार्वीय सांबांधों को बर्ाए रखर्े के शलए छात्रों के कौिल का ववकास करर्ा • व्यस्ततर्त और सामास्जक मूल्यों को ववकशसत करर्े के शलए SOCIAL INTERACTION FAMILY
  • 18. • उदाहरण • ग्रुप इांवेस्थटर्ेिर् मॉडल - हबनटन िेलेर् • रोल प्लेइांर् मॉडल - र्ै र्ी िाफ़्ट और र्ेरर्ॉफ़ िाफ़्ट • न्यायिास्र पूछताछ मॉडल - डोर्ाल्ड ओशलवर • सामास्जक शसमुलेिर् मॉडल - सरेर् बोकोक • सोिल इांतवायरी मॉडल - बेंजाशमर् कॉतस, ब्रेर् माशसयालस  Examples  Group Investigation Model - Herbert Thelen  Role Playing Model - Fannie Shaftel & Gerorge Shaftel  Jurisprudential Inquiry Model - Donald Oliver  Social Simulation Model - Saren Boocock  Social Inquiry Model - Benjamin Cox, Byren Massialas
  • 19.  It emphasis on changing the observable behaviour of the learner  The specific goals are;  Todevelop competency to adopt behaviour styles appropriate to given situations  Tolearn strategies for self control through operant methods  Tomaster techniques for stress reduction  Tofoster leadership quality यह सीखर्े वाले के अवलोकर् योग्य व्यवहार को बदलर्े पर जोर देता है ववशिष्ट लक्ष्य हैं; दी र्ई स्थिनतयों के शलए उपयुतत व्यवहार िैशलयों को अपर्ार्े के शलए योग्यता ववकशसत करर्ा ऑपरेटर के माध्यम से आत्म नर्यांत्रण के शलए रणर्ीनत सीखर्ा तरीकों तर्ाव कम करर्े के शलए तकर्ीकों में महारत हाशसल करर्ा र्ेतृत्व की र्ुणवत्ता को बढावा देर्े के शलए BEHAVIOURAL MODIFICATION FAMILY