XXX 2 Name: Professor: Course: Date: Imagine a situation that you are walking on the road, if there is a plastic bag in the middle of the way, will you see it? Most people will see it, and there is someone hired to keep the street clean and tidy on a regular basis. People and the government have both realized the importance of protecting the mainland’s environment while few have noticed the necessity of protecting ocean’s environment. In fact, human’s activities are contributing a lot to the pollution of marine system. For example, Fisheries and transportation are two aspects that would affect the ocean most. Companies are overfishing for more profit, killing baby fishes and endangered species. Chemical industries are pouring chemical pollutions into the ocean to avoid paying for the dealing fees, Tourists and merchants are buying and selling rare species at will. These are the behaviors that would affect the natural environment of the ocean. To begin with, In the case of fisheries, overfishing is causing shrinkage of fish groups, and the use of destructive fishing techniques has increased dramatically worldwide, destroying marine mammals and entire ecosystems. Besides, the unawareness of sustainable development is also a huge problem for marine environment. Illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing activities seems to be increasing as fishers seek to circumvent stricter regulatory rules. When some companies catch fish, they usually want to make a profit as soon as possible, sometimes they even catch the immature fries and make them into food to obtain additional profits. However, they did not realize that this behavior is like killing chickens to take their eggs. Without the fry, the fish group can't continue to grow, and there will be no fish for fishing in the future. Therefore, this behavior will reduce the company's profits. In terms of the environment, with the lack of a large number of fries, the ethnic balance of fish has been broken. A specie’s reduction in biology chain may cause extinction of other species. Therefore, it is necessary to leave time and space for self-recovery for the fish. As the author James A. Wilson said: “Natural environment has coevolved at a relatively broad temporal and spatial scale, and it has coadapted locally and relatively quickly, compared to evolutionary processes” (James A. Wilson 3). In order to protect fish groups, it is necessary to promote scientific management, reasonable fishing, and adhere to the idea of sustainable development. Another impact of fisheries on the marine environment is the destruction of marine habitats. Including damages to marine plants and pollution from outside waste such as chemical contamination. a terrible fact that magazine “Antarctic Science” told is that “contaminants and their associated impacts are long-lived” (Antarctic Science Volume 21, Issue 1). As the author says, the effects of chemical pollutants are long-term and irreversible. In some places like the.

1. XXX 2
Name:
Professor:
Course:
Date:
Imagine a situation that you are walking on the road, if there is
a plastic bag in the middle of the way, will you see it? Most
people will see it, and there is someone hired to keep the street
clean and tidy on a regular basis. People and the government
have both realized the importance of protecting the mainland’s
environment while few have noticed the necessity of protecting
ocean’s environment. In fact, human’s activities are
contributing a lot to the pollution of marine system.
For example, Fisheries and transportation are two aspects that
would affect the ocean most. Companies are overfishing for
more profit, killing baby fishes and endangered species.
Chemical industries are pouring chemical pollutions into the
ocean to avoid paying for the dealing fees, Tourists and
merchants are buying and selling rare species at will. These are
the behaviors that would affect the natural environment of the
ocean.
To begin with, In the case of fisheries, overfishing is causing
shrinkage of fish groups, and the use of destructive fishing
techniques has increased dramatically worldwide, destroying
marine mammals and entire ecosystems. Besides, the
unawareness of sustainable development is also a huge problem
for marine environment. Illegal, unregulated and unreported
fishing activities seems to be increasing as fishers seek to
circumvent stricter regulatory rules. When some companies
catch fish, they usually want to make a profit as soon as
possible, sometimes they even catch the immature fries and
make them into food to obtain additional profits. However, they
did not realize that this behavior is like killing chickens to take

2. their eggs. Without the fry, the fish group can't continue to
grow, and there will be no fish for fishing in the future.
Therefore, this behavior will reduce the company's profits. In
terms of the environment, with the lack of a large number of
fries, the ethnic balance of fish has been broken. A specie’s
reduction in biology chain may cause extinction of other
species. Therefore, it is necessary to leave time and space for
self-recovery for the fish. As the author James A. Wilson said:
“Natural environment has coevolved at a relatively broad
temporal and spatial scale, and it has coadapted locally and
relatively quickly, compared to evolutionary processes” (James
A. Wilson 3). In order to protect fish groups, it is necessary to
promote scientific management, reasonable fishing, and adhere
to the idea of sustainable development.
Another impact of fisheries on the marine environment is
the destruction of marine habitats. Including damages to marine
plants and pollution from outside waste such as chemical
contamination. a terrible fact that magazine “Antarctic Science”
told is that “contaminants and their associated impacts are long-
lived” (Antarctic Science Volume 21, Issue 1). As the author
says, the effects of chemical pollutants are long-term and
irreversible. In some places like the Antarctic, the fuel leaking
on the ground will not change even for 10 years. Even in an
ordinary environment, a small battery can make the surrounding
land contaminated with waste acid and become toxic. The
marine environment is more special. The ocean is filled with
water and animals and plants that depend on water for survival.
As long as the water in the ocean is polluted, the environment
of the entire ocean will be changed, thus affecting the survival
of animals and plants. Recognizing this, we know that dumping
industrial wastewater into the ocean is actually a chronic
murder of marine life. This behavior violates the theory of
sustainable development and is not conducive to the health of
fisheries. Of course, the conduct of fisheries should not destroy
the habitats of marine life. The breeding of fisheries must
ensure that marine plants are not harmed and the normal

3. biological chain will not change.
When it comes to the imbalance of the biological chain, it is
necessary to talk about another major aspect of the impact of
human activities on the marine environment – transportation.
Maritime transportation has solved many material problems and
has greatly promoted human trade and economic development.
But it comes with a series of problems brought by
transportation. The most serious problem is the invasion of
alien species. In the early days of maritime transportation, there
were always merchants and passengers who brought some local
species to another place for commercial or personal reasons.
These species had no natural enemies in the new environment,
which made them proliferate quickly and even endangered the
development of local flora and fauna. As the author Bella S.
Galil said in her article “A Sea Under Siege – Alien Species in
the Mediterranean”: “Some invaders have outcompeted or
replaced native species locally, severely reducing biodiversity”
(Bella S. Galil 177). In addition to the competition between
species, the parasites carried by living things are also a huge
problem. Just like the author Erkki LeppäkoskiSergej Olenin
says in his article “Non-native Species and Rates of Spread:
Lessons from the Brackish Baltic Sea” that “an air flight of a
few hours delivers species for aquaculture along with their
parasites and other associated biota from one continent to
another” (Erkki LeppäkoskiSergej Olenin 151). So, maritime
transportation requires more strict safety checks to ensure that
no biological invasion is caused.
The animals and plants that people carry in the maritime
transportation will not only cause biological invasion, but also
encourage the smuggling. Due to the large volume of cargo
transportation, if there is no strict safety inspection, people will
sell endangered species to profit and promote the extinction of
those species. This behavior can also lead to environmental
degradation and the loss of biodiversity.
On conclusion, the two main aspects of human activities which
impact the marine environment - fisheries and transportation -

4. must be scientifically and rationally managed. This is the only
way to maintain the stability of the marine environment and
keep sustainable development.
Works Cited
Wilson, James A. “Matching Social and Ecological Systems in
Complex Ocean Fisheries.” Ecology and Society, vol. 11, no. 1,
2006. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/26267819.
Accessed 28 October 2018.
.
Botsford, Louis W., et al. “The Management of Fisheries and
Marine Ecosystems.” Science, American Association for the
Advancement of Science, 25 July 1997,
science.sciencemag.org/content/277/5325/509?casa_token=C_8
ZdiVyVZAAAAAA%3Ae4WzCAOJKnYzCob5scCIuUVmw1sf4
mK6TjbyxkZKwCAYw9BhCmw4z53tDOX0byMOAdr7yiClJWG
P. Accessed 28 October 2018.

5. Endresen, Øyvind, et al. “Emission from International Sea
Transportation and Environmental Impact.” Journal of
Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Wiley-Blackwell, 13 Sept.
2003,
agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2002JD00289
8. Accessed 28 October 2018.
Galil, Bella S. “A Sea Under Siege – Alien Species in the
Mediterranean.” SpringerLink, Kluwer Academic Publishers,
June 2000, link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1010057010476.
Accessed 28 October 2018.
Fleming, Z.L., et al. “Impacts of Local Human Activities on the
Antarctic Environment | Antarctic Science.” Cambridge Core,
Cambridge University Press, 23 Dec. 2008,
www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antarctic-
science/article/impacts-of-local-human-activities-on-the-
antarctic-
environment/7115297BBC0C028462C20110F7F3B36C.
Accessed 28 October 2018.