How can we use a renewable Energy Source to ride a bicycle which can emit light in the night and that too, without no money spent? This Presentation depicts the production of electricity by simply paddling your bicycle. Of course it is a little expensive, but surely it is better than the battery system... You can apply it too in your bicycle! To know more, download the Powerpoint Presentation.

1. Project on ‘Sources of Energy’-
Hub Dynamo
Guided by:-
Mr. L.N. Gupta
(P.G.T Chemistry)
Presentation by XI-A:-
Prashant Kumar
Ankit Singh Tanwar
Sanyogita Singh
Nancy Kumari
Aditya Sahu
Nirmal Kumar

2. Contents
o Some Terms and Definitions
o Introduction to the Project
o Working of Dynamo
o Flowchart- Dynamo
o Going through the Project
o Working with the Model

3. Some Terms and Definitions
• What is Rotational Energy?
The Rotational energy (a type of mechanical energy), also known as
angular kinetic energy is the kinetic energy produced because of the
rotation of an object or an entity and is a fraction of its total kinetic
energy.
• What is Electrical Energy?
Electrical energy is the energy carried by moving electrons in an
electric conductor. It cannot be seen, but it is one of our most useful
forms of energy because it is relatively easy to transmit and use.
Rotational Energy
Electrical Energy

4. • What is a Dynamo?
A dynamo is a machine for converting mechanical energy into
electrical energy, typically by means of rotating coils of copper
wire in a magnetic field.
• What is a Hub Dynamo(Bicycle Dynamo)?
A small generator is fitted to a bicycle to provide electricity
for the lights at night. The generator is called a hub dynamo. It
is also known as Bicycle Dynamo. the hub dynamo is (usually) not
actually a dynamo, which creates DC, but a low-power
magneto that creates AC.
Dynamo
Working of Hub Dynamo

5. Working of Dynamo
Inside the dynamo a permanent magnet is rotated in the middle of
some coils of wire. Rotating the magnet instead of the coils has the
advantage that slip rings are not needed. The rotating magnet produces
a changing magnetic field and this generates electricity in the coils of wire.
The top of the dynamo is touched against the rim of the tyre
which rotates when the bicycle is moving.

6. Rotation of
Wheel
Rotation of
Permanent
Magnet
Generation of
Electricity in the
Coils of Wire
Gradual
Changing of
Magnetic Field

7. Introduction
Let us first know what the project is about.
Suppose you have a bicycle which lacks light in front and/or back. During the
night time, you find that there is a lot of risk while riding the bicycle without any
lights in it. And at this time of night, you’ll need a backlight or a front light to
counter this difficulty to ride the bicycle safely.
And a solution is the Use of Dynamo in your bicycle. The dynamo, by attaching it
in between the two tires, converts the mechanical energy (which of course, is
produced by paddling) into electrical energy, and by connecting the wires
going out of the dynamo to light, it glows without any flaw.
However, the difficulty expressed above can simply be solved by applying the
battery instead of dynamo. But, you might face a lot more drawbacks in this
case(as mentioned later). The battery could get low in charge while you’re
riding your bicycle.
It could even malfunction working(as happens in many cases).
But, dynamo vanishes all the risks and even, though little, saves energy.
One can also store this energy for sustainability.

8. Conversion from Mechanical Energy to Electric Energy using dynamo in bicycle:
Renewable Source of Energy

9. Going through the Project
1.Rear tyre of Bicycle
2.Backlight (glows when tyre is rotated)
3.Bicycle Stand Connected with the Carriage
to manage bicycle’s portability
4.Small tyre connected to dynamo
5.Carriage of the bicycle
(connected to the stand to
maintain the portability)
Dynamo

10. Explanation to the Project.
The bigger tyre is the rear- tyre of
bicycle and is connected with a
stand(portable). The stand is further
connected to a see-saw tail of the
bicycle.
When the tail is pressed from the right-end,
the smaller tyre gets in contact
with the bigger one.
And when the rider paddles the bicycle,
both the tyres move and the light is
emitted.
In this way, the production of
electrical energy takes place from the
mechanical energy by rotation of the
tyres.

12. Uses of Dynamo-in-Bicycle
 To power bicycle lights w/o having to rely on batteries.
 To avoid accidents during the night.
 Safer to use.
 One can store energy for future use(in case the system gets broken).
 Unlike a few battery systems, the rider can use it whenever he wants.
 Batteries run out and you won’t carry a set of batteries whenever you go out.
 Unlike non- biodegradable batteries, it does not harm the environment.
 Hub Dynamos are lighter and easier to use.
 A dynamo and lights don't get stolen as easily as battery lights which are mostly
designed for easy removal.
 It was compulsory once in Germany to use the dynamo system in bicycle.
However, it does face a couple of drawbacks. First of all, it is a little heavier than the
batteries. Secondly, it slows you down a bit while riding.

13. References
• http://www.gcsescience.com/pme21.htm
• http://www.livestrong.com/article/
• http://exege.com/dynamos
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamo

14. CLASS XI A
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA JANAKPURI, NEW DELHI