1. The Shoulder Joint
Adam Williamson

2. Included Major Bones
• Scapula
• glenoid fossa
• infraspinatus fossa
• supraspinatus fossa
• scapular spine
• coracoid process
• acromion process
• Clavicle
• Humerus
• greater tubercle
• lesser tubercle
• intertubercle groove
• deltoid tuberosity
• head

3. Bones
Detailed:
• Scapula is a flat, triangular bone that lies over the back of the upper ribs. The rear surface can be felt under the skin. It
serves as an attachment for some of the muscles and tendons of the arm, neck, chest and back and aids in the movements of the arm and
shoulder. It is well padded with muscle so that great force is required to fracture it. The back surface of each scapula is divided into
unequal portions by a "spine." This spine leads to a "head," which bears two processes - the "acromion process" that forms the tip of the
shoulder and a "coracoid process" that curves forward and down below the clavicle (collarbone). The acromion process joins a clavicle and
provides attachments for muscles of the arm and chest muscles.
• Humerus is the bone of the upper arm. The smooth, dome-shaped head of the bone lies at an angle to the shaft and fits into a
shallow socket of the scapula (shoulder blade) to form the shoulder joint. Below the head, the bone narrows to form a cylindrical shaft. It
flattens and widens at the lower end and, at its base, it joins with the bones of the lower arm (the ulna and radius) to make up the elbow.
• Clavicle is the collarbone. There are two of these bones, that join the top of the sternum to the shoulder blade (scapula). The
clavicles support the arms and transmit force from the arms into the central skeleton.
• Acromion is a bony prominence at the top of the shoulder blade. On the head of the scapula, between the processes
mentioned above, is a depression called the "glenoid cavity." It joins with the head of the upper arm bone (humerus).

4. Actual Joint
• The two main bones are
the scapula and humerus
making the Glenohumeral
ball and socket
• Cushioned by articular
cartilage (covering head
of humerous and face of
glenoid
• Stabilized by a ring of
fibrous cartilage around
the glenoid called labrum

5. Related to Tennis
• The shoulder joint is one of the
most mobile joints in the human
body.
• During tennis, you perform
multiple motions with your
hitting arm, such as adduction,
flexion and extension.
• Adduction takes place when you
swing your arm down across the
front of your body, flexion takes
place when you raise your arm
straight up in front of your body
and extension takes place when
you move your arm backward for
an underhand hit. These motions
cause you to work many muscles
in just one joint.

7. Muscles
• Posterior View
• Teres Minor
• Teres Major
• Infraspinatus
• Supraspinatus
• Tricep
• Deltoid
• Levator Scapula
• Rhomboids Minor
• Rhomboids Major
• Trapezius
• Latissimus Dorsi

8. Muscles cont.
• Anterior View
• Trapezius
• Supraspinatus
• Subcapularis
• Biceps
• Deltoid
• Serratus (anterior)
• Pectoralis Minor
• Pectoralis Major

9. Rotator Cuff
SITS
• Muscle make up:
Supraspinatous, Infraspinatous,
Teres minor, Subscapularis.
• Stabilize shoulder, maintain proper
movement, and keep intact of the
glenohumeral joint
• Without the rotator cuff, the humerus
head would partially rise out of the
glenoid fossa
• Over use can be extremely sucepible to
tear or other injury.

10. http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=TJ8XaS6cBwg&feature=related

11. References
• http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?
q=cache:cN6fLZ44XW4J:faculty.unlv.edu/jmercer/
Shoulder2003.ppt+shoulder+joint
+powerpoint&hl=en&gl=us
• http://www.scoi.com/sholanat.htm
• http://www.innerbody.com/image/skel17.html
• http://www.livestrong.com/article/516669-what-joints-
are-being-used-in-tennis/