1. Endocrine system
Central regulatory formations
Hypothalamus
Hypophysis
Solitary endocrine cells
Peripheral endocrine glands
Dependent of
adenohypophysi
s
Thyroid gland
Neural origin
Independent of
adenohypophysis
(System APUD)
Parathyroid glands
Other origin
Epiphysis
Gonads
Cortex of adrenal gland
(zona fasciculata,
reticularis)
Organs that have mixed
function
Dependent of adenohypophysis
Gonads
Placenta
Indepondent of adenohypophysis
Islets of Langerhans
Myocardium
Merkel’s corpuscules
Kidney
Thymus

4. Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
• acts on the tubules of nephron in the kidney and provides the
reabsorption of the 99% of water from the primary urine;
• increases blood pressure by promoting the contraction of smooth
muscles in small arteries and arterioles
Oxytocin
• causes the contraction of uterine smooth muscle during copulation
and delivery;
• causes the contraction of the myoepithelial cells of the secretory
alveoli and alveolar ducts of the breast at time of the breast-feeding;
• causes the contraction of the myoepithelial cells of the seminiferous
tubules of testis at time of orgasm and ejaculation.

6. Chromophils
А. Acidophils
• somatotrophs – somatotropin (growth hormone, GH)
• lactotrophs - prolactin (mammotropin)
B. Basophils
• thyrotrophs
- thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
• gonadotrophs - follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- luteinizing hormone (LH)
• adrenocorticotrophs
– adrenocorticotropic hormone
(ACTH)

7. Chromophobes
• cambial reserve
• chromophils at rest
• old cells
• supporting cells

9. Name of the
hormone
Action in the human body
Somatotropin (growth
hormone, GH)
Provides the growth of all tissues practically
Prolactin (mammotropin)
Stimulates the growth of the mammary glands and
secretion of the milk
Thyroid stimulating
hormone (TSH)
Stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine
(tetraiodthyronine, T4) and triiodthyronine (T3)
Adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)
Stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland to produce
glucocorticoids and gonadocorticoids
• provides the ovulation
• provides the secretion of the female sex hormones in
ovaries and testosterone in testis
Follicle-stimulating hormone • stimulates the growth of the follicles in ovaries
• stimulates the spermatogenesis
(FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)