Zigbee is a wireless networking standard used for low-power digital radios in personal area networks. It uses small, low-power digital radios designed for use in wireless sensor and control networks. Zigbee devices include coordinators, routers, and end devices. Coordinators manage the network, routers relay data, and end devices can only communicate with their parent node. Zigbee uses mesh networking topologies to allow for redundancy and multiple communication paths. Its software architecture is built on top of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard and includes network, application, and device object layers. Zigbee networks are initialized by coordinators searching for channels and assigning PAN IDs to start the network for other devices