Rural to urban migration is driven by "push" and "pull" factors. People are pushed out of rural areas due to lack of jobs, poverty, and lack of opportunities. They are pulled to cities which have perceived more jobs, higher wages, better living standards and access to amenities. However, rapid urban growth has led to a rise in slum populations as millions of migrants cannot find formal housing. Despite urban hardships, migration continues as economic prospects remain better in cities than rural villages.

1. WORLD CITIES
Rural to Urban Migration
Learning objectives:
1. Know what rural to urban migration is
2. Understand what leads people to migrate to urban areas and how their life
changes
LO: Rural to Urban Migration

2. • Watch this video – what are the reasons for
rural to urban migration? Push and Pull?
PUSH PULL
LO: Rural to Urban Migration

3. Why are urban areas growing?
• Cities are growing as a result of two factors;
1. Natural increase (high birth, low death rates) 60%
2. Rural Urban migration (30%)
• Other factors to think about include;
1. Land reclassification form rural to urban (10%)
2. Slums dominate much of the city with huge populations
LO: Rural to Urban Migration

4. Rapid growth of developing world
cities
• Poorest cities have the fastest growth rate in
world, especially when one city dominates and
attracts all people to it. E.G. being a centre of
industry and therefore employment.
• Much of the growth is in the form of slums.
• Slum population will reach 1.4 billion by 2020.
LO: Rural to Urban Migration

5. Rural – Urban Migration
• Why do people still move if life in the city is
not great?
LO: Rural to Urban Migration

6. Rural – Urban Migration
• Migrants will not make decision blind but
know of a relative in the city. May know of a
job available as well.
• Majority who move are young and well skilled.
• Despite problems migrants make the journey
as they know its economically better in the
city.
LO: Rural to Urban Migration

7. History of Urbanisation
• Growth of urban areas,
on average Asian cities
are larger and growing
slower than African
cities.
• Watch the change here
LO: Rural to Urban Migration

8. Rural Urban Migration
• Read the Geofile and
• 1. Write down the PUSH and
PULL of rural to urban migration;
• 2. Use the case study of Peru as a
case study to make notes on and
learn.
PUSH PULL
LO: Rural to Urban Migration