How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
PLC AND SCADA
1.
2.
Automation
PLC
What is PLC
History
Elements of PLC
Advantages & Disadvantages
Applications
SCADA
What is SCADA
History
Elements of SCADA
Advantages & Disadvantages
Applications
CONTENTS
4.
Automation is derived from Greek words Auto (self)
& Matos (moving)
Making products under the control of computers &
programmable controllers
It is used to reduce human interface
What is Automation
5.
Programmable logic controller (PLC)
Supervisory control and data acquisition(SCADA)
Human machine interface (HMI)
Robotics
Distributed control systems (DCS)
Tools of Automation
6.
Increased productivity
Improved quality
Reduce direct human labor
Reduces operation time
Increased consistency of output
Advantages
7.
Security threats / vulnerability
High initial cost
Unpredictable development cost
Disadvantages
9.
Programmable Logic Controller
Special computer device used to control any industrial
process
PLC implements logic control
functions by means of a
program.
What is PLC
10.
Before PLCs the only way to control machinery was
through the use of relays
To control a motor , relays are used
To control a machinery , a large no. of relays are used
If any one relay have issues, the whole system would
not work
To overcome these problems PLCs were introduced
Need for PLC
11.
PLC was introduced in late 1960s
Dick Morley – Father of the PLC
MODICON (MOduler DIgital CONtroller)
was the first PLC
HISTORY
13.
COMPACT
Compact PLCs are those in which no. of input and
output are defined by manufacturer side.
MODULER
PLCs in which no. of inputs and outputs can be
expanded according to requirement.
Further classified as Bus & Rack type.
For ex – siemens 200 , siemens 300
Types of PLC
14.
Serial communication Parallel communication
Bit by bit data transmission Whole data transmission
Simple in structure Complex in structure
Transmission rate is low Transmission rate is high
Used in short distance communication Used in long distance communication
Types of Communication
16.
Ladder logic (LD)
Function block diagram (FBD)
Statement list (ST)
Instruction list (IL)
Structure list (STL)
Languages in PLC
17.
Communication software – RS links classic
Programming software – RS Logix 500
Protocol used – Full duplex
Cable used – PM(02)
Baud rate – 9.6 KB/sec
Micrologix 1000
18.
FOR INPUT
--[ ]-- {EXAMIN IF CLOSED}
--[/]-- {EXAMINE IF OPEN }
FOR OUTPUT
--( )-- Output{OTE}
--(L)-- Output latch{OTL}
--(U)-- Output unlatch{OTU}
Symbols used in PLC
19.
It provide time delays
They need continuous power supply
Addressing of timers
Identifier : Timer number
Bits of timer
Enable (EN) bit
Done (DN) bit
Timer time (TT)bit
Micrologix 1000 has its own 40 timers
Timers
20.
Timer On Delay (TON)
Counts time base when the instruction is true
Timer Of Delay (TOF)
Counts time base when the instruction is false
Retentive Timer (RTO)
It provide ON time delay
It retain its last value
Types of Timers
21.
Counters doesn’t need continuous power supply
Counters depends on pulse/count/click
Addressing of counters
Identifier : Counter number
BITS OF COUNTER
Counter up (CU)/ Counter down (CD) bit
Overflow (OV)/ Underflow (UN) bit
Done (DN) bit
Counters
22.
Counter up (CTU)
It performs up counting
Counting range - 0 to +32767
Counter down (CTD)
It performs down counting
Counting range - 0 to -32768
Types of Counters
24.
Initial cost is high
PLC devices part or software of one manufacturer
can’t be used in communication with parts of another
manufacturer
Limited designs , Fixed circuits
Disadvantages
25.
Car park control
Train control station
Conveyer system
Robot manufacturing and control
Traffic lights
Applications
27.
SCADA stands for Supervisory Control And Data
Acquisition
It is a software to control any running industrial
process
It is software used to monitor the running industrial
process
What is SCADA
30.
Location
Visibility
Value display
Percentage filling
Orientation
Object size
Blink
Line color
Fill color
Properties of SCADA
31.
Window script
Recipe management
Security
Alarms
Database connectivity
Real time trends
Features of SCADA
32.
Every SCADA software has various levels of security
for securing the application by avoiding unauthorized
access
Depending upon the access level given the
operator/engineers is allowed to do the task. In most of
the cases, operators are allowed only to operate the
plant while maintenance engineers can do the
application modifications
The security can be given for individual as well as for
groups
Security
33.
In many cases we use the same plant for
manufacturing different product range. For example
an oil blending plant can manufacture power oil,
transformer oil, automobile oil.
The recipe management is facility used for maintain
various recipes of different products and implement it
on the process
The recipe can be stored in a single server and it can be
fetched by any client server from any area to run the
process
Recipe Management
34.
Script is a way of writing logic in SCADA software.
Every SCADA software has its own instructions and
way of writing program.
Using scripts, one can develop complex applications.
Windows Script
35.
Design a program in which there are two tanks and a
bottle and the bottle get filled half with 1st tank and
other half with 2nd tank. During runtime only one
bottle is visible.
Example - 1
37.
Saves Time and Money
Less traveling for workers (e.g. helicopter ride)
Reduces man-power needs
Increases production efficiency of a company
Cost effective for power systems
Saves energy
Reliable
Supervisory control over a particular system
Advantages of SCADA
38.
Multiple excess point
Chances of external interference (Hacking)
Complex system
Disadvantages
39.
Security systems
Transportation
Water treatment
Manufacturing
Electric power generation
Applications
