1. Training Session # 02
Training Session # 02
MIS
MIS
Decision Support System
Decision Support System
BY
BY
JYOTINDRA ZAVERI
JYOTINDRA ZAVERI
(COMPUTER ENGINEER, GERMANY)
(COMPUTER ENGINEER, GERMANY)
IT CONSULTANT….SINCE 1975
IT CONSULTANT….SINCE 1975
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2. DSS
Due to the large number of considerations
involved in many decisions, computer-
based decision support systems
(DSS) have been developed to assist
decision makers
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3. DECISION MAKING
Decision making is the developing
concepts leading to the selection of a
course of action among variations.
Every decision making process produces
a final choice
It can be an action or an opinion. It begins
when we need to do something but we
do not know what
e.g. Decision to raise a Purchase Order
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4. Herbert Simon
Herbert Simon was a scientist whose research
ranged across the fields of computer science,
public administration, economics, management,
and philosophy of science and a professor, most
notably, at Carnegie Mellon University
He was one of the early scientists to develop
software to take decisions by computer in
playing chess. Thus starting the era of artificial
intelligence
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5. Decision making in business and
management
In general, business and management systems should be set up to allow
decision making at the lowest possible level.
Several decision making models or practices for business include:
SWOT Analysis - Evaluation by the decision making individual or
organization of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats with
respect to desired end state or objective.
Buyer decision processes - transaction before, during, and after a
purchase
Corporate finance:
The investment decision
The financing decision
The dividend decision
working capital management decisions
Cost-benefit analysis - process of weighing the total expected costs vs.
the total expected benefits
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6. RDBMS
A relational database management
system (RDBMS) is computer
software designed for the purpose of
managing databases. Typical
examples of DBMSs include Oracle,
IBM DB2, Microsoft Access, Microsoft
SQL Server 2005, Sybase, MySQL
RDBMSs are typically used by Database
administrators in the creation of
Database systems
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7. Characteristics and Capabilities of DSS
1. Support for decision makers in semi-structured and
unstructured problems.
2. Support managers at all levels.
3. Support individuals and groups.
4. Support for interdependent or sequential decisions.
5. Support intelligence, design, choice, and
implementation.
6. Support variety of decision processes and styles.
7. DSS should be adaptable and flexible.
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8. Characteristics and Capabilities of
DSS (CONTINUE….)
8. DSS should be interactive and provide ease of use.
9. Effectiveness balanced with efficiency (benefit must
exceed cost).
10. Complete control by decision-makers.
11. Ease of development by (modification to suit needs
and changing environment) end users.
12. Support modeling and analysis.
13. Data access.
14. Standalone, integration and Web-based.
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9. EXPERT SYSTEM
An expert system, also known as a
knowledge based system, is a computer
program that contains some of the
subject-specific knowledge, and contains
the knowledge and analytical skills of
one or more human experts.
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10. LIMITATION OF EXPERT SYSTEM
The lack of human common sense needed in some
decision makings
The creative responses human experts can respond
to in unusual circumstances
Domain experts not always being able to explain
their logic and reasoning
The challenges of automating complex processes
The lack of flexibility and ability to adapt to changing
environments as questions are standard and cannot
be changed
Not being able to recognize when no answer is
available
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11. ADVANTAGES OF EXPERT SYSTEM
Provide consistent answers for repetitive
decisions, processes and tasks
Hold and maintain significant levels of
information
Reduces creating entry barriers to
competitors
Review transactions that human experts
may overlook
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12. THANK YOU
PRESENTATION BY
JYOTINDRA ZAVERI
(Computer Engineer, Germany)
I. T. CONSULTANT ….. SINCE
1975
email j.zaveri@dnserp.com
www.dnserp.com
98909 42042
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