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Web servers for the
Internet of Things
SUMMER SCHOOL
Outline
Web server
HTTP
Gadgets
IoT Webserver
Web templates
Web services
Web socket
Questions
2
Web server
3
What is a web server
Software that implements HTTP/HTTPS
Mainframes
Computers
Gadgets
4
Gadgets?!
5
What HTTP?
Widely used
Easy to implement
Text based
HTML
◦ Simple and flexible UI
◦ JavaScript runs in almost any browser
◦ Replace displays
6
UI
Gadgets prefer HTML UI
Accessible from the tablet
Wireless “display”
Web language
Gadgets are using less displays
Expensive
Fixed
Special software
7
HTTP
8
HTTP
9
Image from https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/webprogramming/HTTP_Basics.html
HTTP
Request
◦ Headers
◦ Method
◦ URL
◦ Query String
◦ Upload body
Response
◦ Status
◦ Headers
◦ Data
10
Query
http://address[:port]URL?querystring
http://wyliodrin.cs.pub.ro/projects?show=true
Address?
Port?
URL?
querystring?
11
Query
http://address[:port]URL?querystring
http://wyliodrin.cs.pub.ro/projects?show=true
Address? wyliodrin.cs.pub.ro
Port? 80
URL? /projects
querystring? show=true
12
Methods
GET
◦ Request objects without sending data
POST
◦ Modify objects with data that you are sending
PUT
◦ Create new objects with data that your are sending
DELETE
◦ Delete objects without sending data
13
HTTP
14
Image from https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/webprogramming/HTTP_Basics.html
Gadgets
15
Webserver for the gadgets
16
Web
Web request
◦ Starts a webserver
◦ Sets up static folder
◦ Stores
◦ Html
◦ Javascript
◦ Css
http://address:port/static/index.html
17
Web
Web request
◦ Route
◦ Method
◦ Port
Message
{
payload: query string / upload data
req: request
res: response
next:
}
18
Web response
19
Web response
◦ Input from a web request
◦ Sends the payload
◦ Redirect
http://address:port/ redirects to
http://address:port/static/index.html
Run the server
Get the IP of the board
◦ Shell
◦ ifconfig
In the same network
http://172.17.0.82:5000/
20
IoT Server
21
IoT Server
Server with public IP address
A gadget without pin access
Good for web server
◦ Web pages
◦ API
22
IoT Server
23
Web templates
24
Web template
Web template
◦ Loads a templates
◦ Fills it with variables
◦ From value
◦ From payload
◦ Sends it
25
Web template
26
• Values are available
• Payload variables are available
Web template
27
Value is refreshed only on a page reload
Web service
28
Web service is API
Expose functions for apps
◦ Mobile Applications
◦ Refresh the value without reloading the page
◦ Use multiple UI
29
Image from http://blogs.msdn.com/b/martinkearn/archive/2015/01/05/introduction-to-rest-and-net-web-api.aspx
Web response
30
Web response
◦ Input from a web request
◦ Sends the payload
◦ Redirect
Web response
31
/sensor returns
{
“sensor”: “0”
}
JQuery API
32
Web socket
33
Websocket
Allows asynchronous communication with the server
◦ Like a socket
◦ Uses HTTP or HTTPS
◦ Problems with proxies
Socket.IO
◦ Has a solution with HTTP or HTTPS if the websocket is unavailable
34
Websocket
35
Image from https://warmcat.com/libwebsockets/2010/11/01/libwebsockets-html5-websocket-server-library-in-c.html
Web starter app
Streams
Web starter app
Angular JS
36
Angular JS
static/web.html
37
Javascript
38
Questions?
39

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Web servers for the Internet of Things