Metaverse Enterprise Digital Twins for Sustainability

©2021 TechIPm, LLC All Rights Reserved www.techipm.com
Metaverse Enterprise Digital Twins
for
Sustainability Applications
December 15, 2021
Alex G. Lee

©2021 TechIPm, LLC All Rights Reserved
Speaker 2021 Metaverse/ESG Webinar
AI Blockchain IoT Convergence for ESG Digital
Transformation
Cybersecurity & Privacy in ESG Digital
Transformation
ESG Digital Transformation for Material
Sustainability Impact
Next Generation ESG DX Solutions for
Sustainability Innovation
ESG: Missing Piece of Digital Transformation
Revolution
Metaverse based ESG Digital Transformation for
Accelerating Sustainability
Metaverse based Sustainable Smart City
Development
Digital Twin Metaverse for Enterprise Digital
System Innovation
ESG Digital Transformation for Sustainability
Innovation
Metaverse ESGDX for Climate Risk and Net-
Zero Management
Recording:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkERuP7J9
mW1tY1dgN_PttQ/videos
Presentation:
https://www.slideshare.net/alexglee

I. Metaverse Enterprise Platform
Metaverse Enterprise Platform
Metaverse Enterprise Platform System Components
Metaverse Enterprise Use Case - AI Innovation Platform
Metaverse Enterprise Use Case - Digital Twin Retail Store
Metaverse Enterprise Use Case - Global Supply Chain Risk Mitigation
Metaverse Enterprise Use Case – Energy Management Optimization
Immersive 3D Digital Twin Platform Demo
II. ESG Digital Transformation for Profitably Sustainable Business
ESG Sustainability Imperative
How ESGDX Can Create New Revenue Streams?
ESG + Digital Transformation (ESGDX) Business Model
Digital Decarbonization
Climate Risk & Net-Zero Management Automation
Digital Twins for Dynamic Carbon Net-Zero Management
Digital Twins Use Case: A Pulp/Paper Company in S. Korea
Digital Twins for Building Net-Zero Management
Climate Risk & Net-Zero Management Digital Twins Under Development
Industrial/Enterprise Metaverse Forum & ESG DX Forum
III. Digital Twins Design & Development
Digital Twin Types
Digital Twin Models
Digital Twins + IoT + Big Data Analytics + AI
Wind Turbine Metaverse Digital Twin Design & Development
Agenda

A metaverse enterprise is consist of a physical enterprise and virtual enterprise which is a realistic digital
representation (digital twin) of the physical enterprise. Physical and digital enterprises are connected
through real-time data.
Business resources can be used on demand without limitation in the digital enterprises (Dematerialization).
Based on actual real-time data in the physical enterprise, the virtual enterprise is created, and then, tested
using simulation models, big data analytics, and scenario analysis to obtain meaningful insights regarding
businesses of the physical enterprise. Digital world decisions based on the obtained meaningful insights are
transferred back towards the physical enterprise to improve businesses of the physical enterprise.
Digital twins combined with extended reality (XR) devices provide a feeling of a real physical presence in
virtual space for remote workers to operate digital twin models collaboratively as if remote workers feel that
they are at the same place (Realistic Immersion and Sense). Workforces can participate and collaborate as
digital humans (avatars) for creating genuine and trustworthy digital interactions.
Gamification is a process of using game mechanics, elements, and principles and applying them to non-
game contexts to engage people better. Gamification can be used in a metaverse enterprise for providing
remote collaborative working operations as a means to keep the workforce engaged and to drive
productivity.
The metaverse enterprise implements ESGDX through sustainable digital business model and enables
Internet of Digital Twins (IoDT).

Metaverse Enterprise Platform System Components

Reference: Present and Future of Metaverse Infographics
Metaverse = Physical + Virtual Converged Augmented World
Virtually Augmented
Physical World
Physically Augmented Virtual World = Interoperable Interconnected (To Be) Virtual 3D Spaces
Constructed on the Internet; Physically Persistence (To Be)
Me
Digital Me (Avatar)
You Digital You
Digital
People/Objects/Environments
Mixed Reality
Virtual Reality
Reality Technology Innovation
Wearable Devices HCI Digital Senses
Augmented Reality
Extended Reality
AI Digital Human Innovation
People can interact freely in a variety of ways
and forms with one another, digital objects
and environments for a variety of virtual
experiences.
Physical Earth:
Space/time/resource
limitations
Digital Twin Earth:
Space/time/resource
limitations
ICT/Digital+ Digital Twin Innovation
IoT Sensors
AI Predictions
Digital Twins
Metaverse is a collection of fully
connected interoperable physically
augmented digital worlds with
physical persistence that are
converged with the virtually
augmented physical world in which
people and digital representations of
people (digital people) can fully
interact with one another and digital
objects/environments (including
digital twins) with full reality.
Metaverse is the converged world of
augmented physical world and
virtual world that is hyper-
decentralized, hyper-connected,
hyper-visualized, hyper-interacted,
and hyper-reality enabled.
Metaverse can create economic
values without space/time/resource
limitations
Metaverse NFT Projects AT A Glance:
https://www.slideshare.net/alexglee/metaverse
-nft-projects-at-a-glance
NFT

Reference: Metaverse - Gartner Emerging Technology Mapping

Metaverse Enterprise Use Case - AI Innovation Platform
US20210004076 illustrates an AI innovation platform that provides a virtual AI
development and testing environment. In the metaverse virtual AI development
processes, AI model training data, system validation, system deployment, and system
testing can be performed within a real-time 3D virtual environment incorporating objects,
camera systems, sensors and digital human avatars representing the collaborating
developers (who can interact using AR/VR/MR devices). The virtual 3D spatial
environment can be networked with external computer resources and their digital twins
to simulate the end-use environment of the AI system. This environment can include
various sub-systems that feed data into the AI system. This data can be captured and
utilized to train and validate the AI system, which can then itself be deployed into the
same real-time virtual environment. Finally, real-time motion capture techniques and
human actors can be used to drive humanoid avatars within the virtual environment.

Metaverse Enterprise Use Case - Digital Twin Retail Store
A simple use case of retail store digital twin that is checking if a store is in compliance
with guidelines from its headquarters, by checking if the shelves in the real store look
like the shelves in the real store. Also, store layout can be evaluated before rearranging
shelves in the store. For example, by using an VR-Headset and going through the digital
twin, store managers can get a feeling if a layout works out, or to check visibility of
articles, shelves and departments. Another visualization use case requires tracking of
customer movement through the store. This allows the creation of heat-maps to
visualize areas that are highly frequented by customers, and in general to see how
customers walk through a store to do their shopping. Store managers can gain valuable
insights from such visualizations, that aid them in their work and to optimize the store
layout and operation. But also use cases like simulating customer flow through a store
and how different layouts and article placements affect customer flow can be
investigated. Of course, these simulations require realistic customer models using
avatars to be representative.
Source. https://medium.com/sap-cic/building-a-digital-twin-for-a-retail-store-d0fcfb5598ec

Metaverse Enterprise Use Case - Global Supply Chain Risk Mitigation
Mareana’s Global Supply Chain, Risk Mitigation tool can take in data from business
locations, transportation, warehouse paths, climate and so on - and uses public data
from a diverse range of data sources to produce immediate visibility dashboards. It
allows you to recognize risks and changes quickly, understand the impact and size, and
make informed and faster decisions about the next best actions using adaptable digital
twins of the supply chain: transform the supply chain into a system of execution that can
dynamically respond to continuous changes. Source. https://mareana.com/

Metaverse Enterprise Use Case – Energy Management Optimization
UrsaLeo’s Gemini offers an immersive 3D platform that combines digital twin technology
with real-time and historical data from IoT streams, document management,
maintenance, and other enterprise systems. Built using the Unity gaming engine, Gemini
delivers a holistic view of industrial assets and facilities including complete picture of
energy usage so users can monitor and manage everything from anywhere at any time.
Gemini ingests data from many sources, from static sensor data to moving sensors on
objects or machinery, and even connects to other systems for maintenance records,
documentation, and more. Using rich collaboration feature, team members can inspect
visualizations, review information, and interact simultaneously no matter where they are
in the world. Through the use of Augmented Reality (AR), users go beyond basic on-
screen visualization and reporting to enhance training, assembly, and diagnostic
activities. Source. https://ursaleo.com/

Reference: Metaverse Enterprise for Sustainable Smart City
Source. Smart Cities Technologies and applications : BIM-GIS- IOT-AI@udemy
BIM (Building Information Modeling for 3D digital
representations of infrastructure to get proper design,
construction, operation, and maintenance
GIS (Geographic Information System) to map and
analyze geographic features
IoT (Internet of Things) monitoring for real-time
data sensing of smart city components
Smart City Digital Twins
Metaverse Project Management Platform
Design Team Construction Team Management Team
City of the future
Metaverse City Living Lab
metaverse platform for
public–private–people partnerships
for city-wide circular economy
development
public–private–people collaboration
for sustainable city management and
development
co-creation of eco-friendly city
environment
test-bed for innovation
commercialization of new business
ideas
Metaverse City Service Portal
metaverse platform for city
government services: call center;
citizen portal; utility management;
waste management; license/permit
management; asset/land
management; public security and
health management; mobility and
parking management; job search
service
Metaverse Commerce Portal
metaverse platform for digital
billboards/shops/showroom where users
can access products/services from
companies based on brand reputations and
try them virtually; market place for direct
transaction among people; active marketing
campaigns; real/virtual property
renting/sales; land sales
Metaverse IR/PR Portal
metaverse platform for
linking investors and
investees; virtual fund raising
events; virtual public-private
investment partnerships
platform; virtual PR event
with tour of cities for global
investors and tourist
Metaverse NFT
based DeFi
Financing
DeFi Platform
Design and
Development:
https://www.yout
ube.com/watch?v
=onsUBhWBrfU&
t=1629s
Metaverse
Building
Metaverse
Home
Metaverse
Office
Metaverse Store

Immersive 3D Digital Twin Platform Demo

ESG Digital Transformation
for
Profitably Sustainable Business

ESG Sustainability Imperative

Reference: ESG Knowledge Map

Reference: ESG Management Consideration Core Factors
Source: Bradley, Brendan. ESG Investing For Dummies, Wiley (2021)
Opportunities (Return) Risks (Cost)
Impacts (Value Creation)
universal risks
(e.g., climate change)
industry specific risks
business specific risks
ESG issue specific risks
(e.g., Environmental
physical/transition/liability
risks)
market competitiveness
better placed to win investment
rise of company value
return on reputation
employees' better performance
regulation compliance
business resiliency
circular business model
increase positive impact
limit negative impact

ESG + Digital Integrated Transformation (ESGDX) Imperative
Source. The European double up https://www.accenture.com/us-en/insights/strategy/european-double-up

Reference: WEF ESGDX Initiatives
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/05/how-technology-is-
driving-a-fourth-wave-of-environmentalism
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/03/here-s-how-digital-
transformation-and-sustainability-can-flourish-together/

How ESGDX Can Create New Revenue Streams?
Digital transformation is the adoption and integration of digital technologies to transform all areas of
business functions. It can fundamentally change how a business operates internally and
transform employees and the customer experience. Digital transformation is also about cultural
change over an organization’s way of working.
Technology is the engine of digital transformation, data is the fuel, process is the guidance
system, and organizational change capability is the landing gear. They must function well together.
Business model describes how a company creates and captures value: customer value
proposition is to offer the created value, operating model is to deliver the created value, product
and service innovation is to create the value, and value capture is to monetize the created value
through the pricing mechanism and cash flow generation.
The essential part of digital transformation is using data and digital capabilities to reshape
customer value propositions, transforming operating models for greater customer interaction
through the efficiency and productivity gains, and accelerating product and service innovation,
which introduce a new digital business model, and then, lead to new revenue streams and new
revenue opportunities.
Sustainable Digital Business Model:
By Integrating ESG sustainability into value propositions, operating models and innovation
process of products and services of the digital business model, a company can generate cost
savings, reduced business and ESG risks, sustainable resource use, improve business resilience,
customer trust, and expanded market opportunities through new customer experiences.

ESG + Digital Transformation (ESGDX) Business Model
Embedding ESG sustainability into digitally enabled business models (Sustainable Digital Business Models)
can serve as a growth engine by improving a company’s operations/products/services and by creating new
market opportunities/revenue streams through the orchestration, optimization and dematerialization of
resources and assets.
Sustainable digital value proposition reshapes value proposition (products/services to target customers,
measurable environmental/social values (positive impacts) to stakeholders, trust, and resilient business)
using digital capabilities, customers/stakeholders relations, and marketing channels.
Sustainable digital value creation refers to produce/provide products/services to target customers and
environmental/social values to stakeholders using digital capabilities and business resources sustainablly.
Sustainable digital operating model refers to deliver the created values using digital business processes
(e.g., intelligent workflows/process automations), supply/value chain networks, and sustainable business
operation (e.g., integrate ESG considerations into business operational decision-making criteria).
Sustainable digital value capture refers to monetize the created value through profit formula (revenue/cost
structure). Profit formula includes revenue generation/cost reduction through efficiency/productivity
gain/new market opportunities by digital transformation and sustainability opportunities/risks management.

Reference: ESGDX for Sustainable Blue Ocean Strategy
Source. https://www.garyfox.co/blue-ocean-strategy/
BLUE

Reference: ESGDX for Sustainable Business Development

Step 1. Tokenize ESG related physical assets (e.g., solar power plants, wind
farms, carbon credit) or digital assets (digital twins) or projects (e.g., energy-
efficient digital infrastructure development) , as a Fungible (ERC20) Tokens or
a Non-Fungible-Token (NFT) (ERC721/ ERC1155 tokens)
Step 2. For fungible tokens, use them as collateral for some money market
DeFi liquidity pools to borrow money values or monetize through fund raising of
a specific ESG project
Step 3. For NFT, put it into a specific bonding curve (smart contract) & anyone
can buy the shares in the ownership rights by sending collateral and receiving a
fungible (ERC20) bonded token. The price can be set by pre-selecting a
bonding curve that makes sense for the NFT/underlining asset.
Reference: NFT/DeFi Based ESG Financing Platform Development

Digital Decarbonization
Digital Twins CO2e emissions reductions/Cost savings
between 2020 and 2030
Buildings/Construction 6.9Gt/$288B
Transportation 229Mt/$690B
Consumer Packaged Goods 281Mt/$137B
Life Sciences 61Mt/$106B
Electrical and Electronics 36Mt/$73B
Total 7.5Gt/$1.29T

Digital Twins for Dynamic Carbon Net-Zero Management
A digital twin of a carbon emitting/energy intensive physical asset which can be used to
understand, predict and optimize the performance of the asset. The digital twin can
establish a ‘control loop’ enabling the monitoring, reduction and optimization of
greenhouse gas emissions of the physical asset. Such digital control loops can be
defined by sensors collecting data, feeding into a data-driven system, and generating
feedback which will be used to inform decisions and optimize of the physical asset.
Source. https://royalsociety.org/topics-
policy/projects/digital-technology-and-the-planet/

Digital Twins Use Case: A Pulp/Paper Company in S. Korea
Pulp and paper is considered to be the fourth most energy-intensive industry worldwide.
Pulp refiner take 1/3 of the electricity consumed by the entire raw material processing in
a paper company.
Current practice:
- 20+ variables involved in the refiner control and a group of very experienced (2~30
years) engineers manually controls the facility purely based on their experience
- Refiner data are logged every 10 seconds for 2+ years, but not utilized at all
- Refiner throughput is gradually changing due to aging, and each engineer with different
level of experience has different ways to control the facility (thus, not optimal)
Task: Maximizing energy efficiency of the pulp refiner without hurting the refiner
throughput and the quality of resulting pulp product
Method: Use data-driven deep learning model as a digital twin (surrogate, simulator, or
model) and use search engine to safely and efficiently try various scenarios with the
trained model to find the optimally efficient control parameters
Result: 36+% energy saving (wattage), and thus, a lot of carbon emission reduction!
Source. http://tilda.co.kr/

Digital Twins for Building Net-Zero Management
3D digital twins of commercial buildings can show real-time energy generation and
consumption at a granular level. Monitor and manage commercial buildings through 3D
digital twins reduce building’s carbon impact on a room-by-room basis. A 3D digital twin
of a building with real-time data accessible enables (i) collaborate to share the digital
twin’s information with as many users as needed, located anywhere in the world (ii)
perform equipment maintenance using collaboration, augmented reality, and live video
(iii) track people, equipment, lighting, and temperature inside the building for safety and
energy efficiency (iv) generate visual reports of building status for various periods of
time

Climate Risk & Net-Zero Management Automation
Internal/External Environment Analysis: AI/big data analytics can search, access, capture, process,
transform, classify, extract context automatically – Mareana Manufacturing Data Hub.
Climate Scenario Building: AI in collaboration with domain experts can help to generate diverse alternate
(“what if”) scenarios of the future – IBM Scenario Planning Advisor.
Risk Management: Business/financial digital twins can help for risk/opportunity quantification and financial
impact assessment/response (mitigation) automation - Risilience Quantitative Risk Management Solution.
GHG Inventory Management: AI can automate data integration and tracking, calculation of carbon
footprint (metrics) based on GHG Protocol standards within organization and across value/supply chain.
Blockchain can provide transparent and secure data repository - Persefoni Carbon Accounting Platform.
Decarbonization/Net-Zero Transition Management: Industrial digital twins can monitor, measure, control,
and report for carbon emission/energy use reduction – Mareana Adaptive Digital Twin Solution; DTO can
manage decarbonization processes - BusinessOptix DTO/BPM Solution.

Climate Risk & Net-Zero Management Digital Twins Under Development
Digital Twins for Climate Change Risks Quantification & Financial Impact Analysis:
- DTO based on business process workflow oriented risk management system
- DTO based on process mining for quantitative risk assessments based on company
organizational structure, historical data, and business operation context
- DTO based on the financial model for carbon accounting and net-zero transition
- DTO for “what-if” climate scenario
analysis regarding forward-looking
quantitative risk management
- DTO for providing carbon metrics
and real-time view of KPIs
- DTO for climate risk management
process automation
Digital Twins for Decarbonization Management in Manufacturing/Supply Chain
- AI based automatic data captures and context extraction
- Automatic building of adaptive digital twins for business operations/processes from the
extracted data context
-Sustainable outcomes based on deep performance insights (optimization/risk assessment etc.)
using the digital twins in manufacturing/supply chain management/facility management etc.
- Immersive 3D digital twin collaboration platform for decarbonization management
Climate Financial Risk
Forum Guide 2020 - Scenario
Analysis Process

Industrial Metaverse Forum: Digital Twins+AI+Blockchain+IoT Convergence
Forum for forum for industrial/business applications of metaverse based on
intelligent digital twins.
LinkedIn Group: https://www.linkedin.com/groups/9106557/
Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/767453897442045
ESG Digital Transformation Forum
Forum for ESG + digital transformation (DX) integrated management for
sustainability impacts & digital technology innovation for sustainable
development acceleration.
LinkedIn Group: https://www.linkedin.com/groups/8956651/
Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/822562128365739
Industrial/Enterprise Metaverse Forum & ESG DX Forum

Digital Twins Design & Development

Digital Twin Types
A product digital twin is created when a new product is designed. The product digital twin
enables the functionality validation of the new product.
A production process digital twin is a virtual model of the production process. The
production process digital twin can be used to predict the behavior and to optimize the
performance of the production process.
A digital reality of a human is called a digital human, and can be created by a 3D avatar
integrating with artificial intelligent (AI) or data modeling of human with respect medical
or mental or physical characteristics.
A digital twin of an organization (DTO)–developed by Gartner–is a realistic digital
representation of any organization‘s operation of its business model

Digital Twin Models
A digital twin is usually consist of software models that mimic a real-world system. A
digital twin model takes input data from the real-world system, simulates how the
processes will behave using those inputs, and then produces predictive data about how
the system will perform. The software models inside digital twins may be different from
each other, depending on the type of the twin, the specific use case and the required
level of details.
Analytic digital twin models use all types of advanced data analytics including descriptive
analytics, predictive analytics, and prescriptive analytics. A decision-making can be
performed based on the results of the analytic models.
Simulation digital twin models use simulation models to improve decision-making.
Simulation digital twin models can enable asking what-if questions to test various
conditions and scenarios that are impractical to create in real life.
AI digital twin models are using Artificial Intelligence technologies to leverage real-time-
data, generating insights into and deeper understanding of operating environments. AI
digital twin models can correct and process data, and detect, predict, optimize, and
make decisions dynamically based on the data.

Digital Twins + IoT + Big Data Analytics + AI
Source. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9359733; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349881489_Modelling_for_Digital_Twins_-_Potential_Role_of_Surrogate_Models;
https://towardsdatascience.com/an-introduction-to-surrogate-modeling-part-i-fundamentals-84697ce4d241;
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S009784932100011X

Reference: Digital Twin Patent Landscape
Patents are a good information resource for obtaining the state of the art of deep
learning for digital twin technology innovation insights. Patents that specifically describe
the major digital twin technologies/applications are a good indicator of the digital twin
technology innovations in a specific innovation entity. To find the digital twin technology
innovation status, patent applications in the USPTO as of September 15, 2021 that
specifically describe the major technologies/applications in digital twin are searched and
reviewed. 190 published patent applications that are related to the key digital twin
technology innovation are selected for detail analysis.

Wind Turbine Metaverse Digital Twin Design & Development

Thank you!

Metaverse Enterprise Digital Twins for Sustainability

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