This document discusses and describes various white and red lesions that may occur in the oral cavity. It covers hereditary lesions such as leukodema, white spongy nevus, and Darrier's disease. Reactive and inflammatory lesions including frictional keratosis, lichen planus, and actinic keratosis are described. Infectious lesions like oral hairy leukoplakia and candidiasis are also summarized. Potentially premalignant lesions including idiopathic leukoplakia and erythroplakia are defined. The document provides details on diagnosing and distinguishing between these various white and red lesions seen in the mouth.
7. :Hereditary white lesions
White spongy nevus:
Oral mucosa – m.m of nose ,
esophagus , rectum .
At birth or at puberty.
Bilateral symmetric.
White soft spongy or thick
plaque.
Buccal mucosa.
May be on ventral surfase of
tongue,floor of mouth,labial
mucosa,soft palate,alveolar
mucosa.
Asymptomatic – no malignant
transformation.
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9.
10.
11.
12. :Hereditary white lesions
Hereditary benign intraepithelial
dyskeratosis:
1.
2.
Oral lesions: thick ,corrugated ,asymptomatic white
spongy plaques on buccal & labial m. Appears in 1st year
of life &gradually increase till teens – no treatment.
Eye lesions: thick gelatinous foamy opaque plaque
adjacent to cornea – seasonal prominance in spring &
regression in summer – blindness – referral to
ophthalmologist.
13. :Hereditary white lesions
Darrier’s disease:
lesions start before age of 30 ys.- no treatment
1.
1.
3.
4.
Skin lesions:
firm papules skin coloured ,yellow-brown, brown.
Coalescence of papules forms warty plaques.
Found on scalp margins ,forehead, ears & nasolabial furrows.
Oral lesions:
white papules on palate ,tongue ,buccal mucosa ,epiglottis ,pharyngeal wall
coalescence of papules forms patches similar to leukoplakia.
Nail lesions:
Broad white longitudinal band
Broad red longitudinal band
Sandwich of both with v-shaped nick at free margin
Ear lesions:
Blockage of external auditory meatus by keratotic debris
38. :Hairy Leukoplakia
By epstain barr virus.
In HIV patient.
Mainly on lateral
border or ventral
surface of the tongue
Treatment: antiviral
drugs.
65. :Idiopathic (true) leukoplakia
White patch or plaque
Can’t be clinically or
pathologicaly any other
disease
Premalignant
Etiologic factors:
tobacco ,alcohol
,candida
,electrogalvanic react.
mostly on buccal
mucosa ,lower lip
,gingiva.
Less common on palate,
retromolar area ,floor of
mouth & tongue
90% of dysplasia in
tongue & floor of mouth
lesions
104. :Lupus erythematosus
S.L.E:
Cutaneous erythema
especially on light
exposed areas
Butterfly rash
Facial edema
Photosensitivity
Chronic urticaria
Non scaring alopecia
105. :Lupus erythematosus
Oral lesion:
In 20% of SLE , more
common in DLE
White striated,
atrophic or erosive
areas
Variable patterns of
white & red areas
108. :Oral submucous fibrosis
Fibrosis by proliferation
of fibroblasts, collagen
synthesis, decrease
collagenase production
Due to nutritional &
vitamin deficiency,
hypersensitivity to chili
pepper, chewing
tobacco