The document defines a project and discusses the key aspects of project management. It states that a project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. Projects are implemented to achieve an organization's strategic plan or address requests outside normal operations. While projects and operations both involve people and resources, projects are temporary in nature and focus on producing a unique output, while operations are ongoing and repetitive. Project management involves planning, organizing, managing, and controlling resources to achieve specific goals for a project.

1. The project management framework

2. What is a project?
• “A Project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to
create a unique product, service, or result.”
The definition of the Project contains two things:
• a project is temporary in nature
• a project is undertaken to produce a unique output.

3. Examples
Some of the examples of the projects are:
• Developing a new product or service.
• Designing a new transportation vehicle.
• Developing or acquiring a new or modified
information system.
• Constructing a building.
• Building a water system for a community in a
developing country

4. Why are the projects Implemented?
• Projects are often implemented as a mean of
achieving an Organization’s strategic plan.
• For many Organization’s, projects are the means to
respond to those requests that can not be addressed
with in the Organization’s normal operational limits.

5. Similarities between Projects and Operation
•
•
•
Performed by people.
Constrained by limited resources.
Planned, executed, and controlled.

6. Difference between Projects and Operations are:
Projects
Operations
• Temporary
• Ongoing
• Output :unique
• Output: Repetitive
• Purpose:
Attain its objective and then
terminate
• Purpose:
Sustain the business
• Concludes when its specific
objectives have been attained
• Adopts a new set of objectives
and the work continues

7. Temporary
• One of the properties of the project
• Every project has a definite beginning and a
definite end.
• End is when the objectives are achieved or
not.
• Duration of project is finite
• It does not apply to the services made by the
projects (some projects may create a lasting
result)

8. Temporary contd.
• The objective of projects and operations are
fundamentally different
• The objective of a project is to attain the
objective and close the project
• The objective of operation is to sustain the
business

9. Temporary contd.
• Temporary nature may also affect other aspects:
The opportunity is temporary:
Most projects have limited time frame to produce
their desired product
The project team rarely survives the project:
Most projects are performed by the team created
for performing the project but it is broken up at
the end of the project

10. Unique product, service or result
• A project involves doing something that has
not been done before which is ‘unique’.
• A product or service may be unique even if
the category to which they belong is
large.(e.g. each individual facility in the office
is unique)

11. Unique product, service or result
contd.
• The presence of repetitive elements does not
change the uniqueness of the project. Examples
are
 Project to develop new commercial
airliner(requires many prototypes)
 Project to build new drug market(thousands of
doses of drugs are requires)
 Real estate development project(includes many
individual units)
 Development project(can be implemented in
many areas)

12. Progressive Elaboration
• Progressive :“ proceeding in step, continuing steadily
in increments”
• Elaboration : “ worked out with care and detail
,develop thoroughly”
• A characteristic of project
• Means to development in increments as the project
moves forward
• Is planned
• Not considered scope creep

13. Scope Creep
• Progressive Elaboration is not considered to be Scope
Creep as it is done with coordinated and planned intent.
• additional scope added to the project after the project's
objectives has been defined.
• It affects the project's
- cost
- resources
- time.
• This is one of the top reasons that the projects frequently
are over budgeted.

14. Progressive elaboration

15. Examples of Progressive Elaboration:
• Projects where research plays important role in
determining the project scope
• A project affected my research findings
• Defining characteristic of a process
• Elaborated based on testing results

16. Project Management
• Project management is the discipline of planning,
organizing, securing, managing, leading, and controlling
resources to achieve specific goals.
we can also define as :
• Project management is the science (and art) of
organizing the components of a project, whether the
project is development of a new product, the launch of a
new service, a marketing campaign, or a wedding.

17. project management pattern

18. Project management processes
•
•
•
•
•
Definition
Planning
Execution
Control
Closure

19. Components of project management
• Time
• Money
• Scope