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1. TCP/IP MODEL
Submitted by:
Name:--ALOK KUMAR
Class:--M.Tech(C.T.) 2nd sem
Roll:-- 04

2. OSI & TCP/IP MODELS
Application
Presentation
Session
SMTP FTP HTTP DNS POP3
Transport TCP UDP
Network
(Internet) IP
ICMP IGMP
RAPR ARP
Data link
Physical
Protocol defined by the underlying networks (host-to-network)
SCTP

3. TCP/IP MODEL
 Application Layer
 Application programs using the network
Transport Layer (TCP/UDP)
Management of end-to-end message transmission,
error detection and error correction
Network Layer (IP)
Handling of datagrams : routing and congestion
Data Link Layer
Management of cost effective and reliable data delivery,
access to physical networks
Physical Layer
Physical Media

4. TCP/IP
 TCP/IP is a set of protocols developed to
allow cooperating computers to share
resources across a network
 TCP stands for “Transmission Control
Protocol”
o IP stands for “Internet Protocol”
o They are Transport layer and Network layer
protocols respectively of the protocol suite
o The most well known network that adopted
TCP/IP is Internet – the biggest WAN in the
world

5. PROTOCOL
 Protocol is a set of rules that govern data
communication.
 The key element of protocol are :
 SNYTAX
 SEMANTICS
 TIMING

6. APPLICATION LAYER PROTOCOLS
 The application layer is responsible for
providing services to the user.
 Typical protocols:
 FTP – File Transfer Protocol
o For file transfer
o SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
o For mail transfer
o HTTP – Hypertext Transfer Protocol
o For Web browsing

7. TRANSPORT LAYER PROTOCOL
 TCP/IP is built on “connectionless” technology.
 Typical protocols:
o TCP – Transmission Control Protocol
• Provide further the functions such as reordering and data
resend.
o UDP – User Datagram Service
• Use when the message to be sent fit exactly into a
datagram

8. NETWORK LAYER
 Network layer protocols define the rules of how to
find the routes for a packet to the destination.
 Typical protocols:
o IP – Internet Protocol
• Provide packet delivery
o ARP – Address Resolution Protocol
• Define the procedures of network address / MAC address
translation.
o ICMP – Internet Control Message Protocol
• Define the procedures of error message transfer

9. PHYSICAL AND DATA LINK LAYER
 TCP/IP does not define any specific protocol .
 It support all the standard and proprietary
protocols.A network in a TCP/IP internetwork
can be a local-area network or a wide-area
network.

10. REFERENCE
 Data communications and networking
 BEHROUZ A FOROUZAN
 Computer Networks
 Andrew S. Tanenbaum

11. THANK YOU