Graphic elements like points, lines, shapes, and vectors can be used in photography to guide the viewer's eye through an image and add dynamic energy. Points become lines when arranged in a row or triangle. Horizontal and vertical lines imply different types of movement, with horizontals containing directionality and verticals having a sense of strength or barrier. Diagonal lines create more dynamic tension but have more creative freedom. Curves avoid direct frame comparisons and can imply rhythm. Eye lines naturally draw the viewer's gaze. Triangles are versatile yet stable graphic organizers. Circles contain inwardly while rectangles impose formal order. Converging diagonals direct attention through an image.

1. graphic elements Chapter 3

3. point

4. point

8. several points

19. horizontal lines

20. horizontal lines and viewpoint

26. vertical lines/continuation

27. vertical lines/foreshortening A 400 mm lens compresses diminishing perspective

28. vertical/horizontal frame

29. vertical/horizontal frame

34. zig-zag

35. diagonal with movement

36. single diagonal

37. diagonal/wide angle

38. diagonals/perspective

43. curve/gesture

44. concentric curves

45. implied curve

47. diagonal eye-line

48. eye-line

49. Eye lines Eugene Richards

51. triangle/vertical convergence

52. triangle closure

53. triangle/three elements

54. inverted triangle/focus

55. inverted triangle

58. circle/fish eye lens

59. rectangles/order

63. converging diagonals

64. directing attention