Essays On War And Peace

Essay The Effects of War and Peace on Foreign Aid
The Effects of War and Peace on Foreign Aid
SOC 300
Submitted to:
Prof. Bernard Curry
Feb. 11, 2014
Submitted by:
Roberto Tan III
SU200096169
There so much said and written about foreign aid that it has become difficult to justify its
effectiveness. But if we look at the overall picture in the eye of citizens of a developing country, an
honest assessment might conclude that progress has been made. Though, profound social disparities
and extreme poverty are still lurking in some parts of this fragile planet.
Foreign aid is the transfer of capital, goods, or services from one country to another. And aid can be
given in numerous forms – from humanitarian emergency assistance, to food aid, military assistance,
and so on....show more content...
This approach was designed to undermine the communist government that was corrupt and biased
that favored urban population over rural sections. Their pattern of distribution reflected political ties
and proximity rather than absolute humanitarian need. By avoiding official structures and working
with commanders at the local level, NGOs inevitably accentuated national–regional tensions and
legitimized military strongmen. In this manner, foreign aid with the ultimate goal of peace building
with efforts tied to impartialness has turned a page of conflict.
Positive.
Wars, conflicts, and struggles are sites of innovation, leading to the creation of new forms of
legitimacy and protection. (M Duffield, Global Governance and the New Wars: the Merging of
Development and Security, London: Zed Books, 2001.) They are essential for the advancement of
peoples that are affected by it. They are essential in the transformation of infrastructures, institutions
and social structures. And those affected societies will appreciate the availability of such foreign
aids to allow them to rebuild and restructure the remains of their struggles.
Consequently, a 'second generation' strategy materialized as NGOs moved from humanitarian to
rehabilitation and developmental approach with the focus in rural areas. NGOs sought to disengage
from the privileged relationships built with particular commanders during the jihad years. They
experimented with local institutional development approaches through
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The Effect of War and Peace on Foreign Aid Essay
The Effect of War and Peace on Foreign Aid
Dr. Toi Dennis
Elaine Stewart
SOC 300: Sociology of Developing Countries
May 4, 2014
Introduction Afghanistan is a developing country; the country faced many difficulties soon after its
independence. They faced difficulties in the development of their constitution and regulations. The
selection of a leader was an issue and the first major task was to prepare a military for the defence
and protection of the state. In order to resolve all these issues, finances became a priority. Despite
having several problems, the country is gradually upgrading. Numerous countries supported
Afghanistan in terms of finance, but...show more content...
According to an assessment done by authenticating resources for the United States, the country has
donated more than forty–two billion dollars as a token of assistance to numerous unprivileged states.
They donated wholeheartedly without considering the factor of equality in the distribution criteria.
According to the library of U.S. Foreign Aid, Sub Saharan Africa along with forty–nine other poor
states, including eighteen unprivileged countries of the world, received only seven billion dollars as
financial assistance. Central and South Asia were endowed with more than double that, at fifteen
billion dollars. Afghanistan has received the bulk of approximately thirteen billion in aid from
which $9.95 billion was allocated to military and security assistance to train and arm Afghan police
forces. In 1960, The World Bank realized the needs of Afghanistan, and developed the
Aid–to–Afghanistan Consortium, where all the principal providers of money, had a meeting to
discuss the assistance and support to be provided for Afghanistan. The meeting of the consortium
revealed that the amount the providers supported the country with, was approximately ninety–two
percent of the outstanding debt obligation. Considering the debt commitment, the World Bank
accounted for approximately twenty–seven percent of the issued debt, and the Asian Development
Bank reported an accurate fifteen percent. The World Bank and Asian

War and Peace Essay: The Importance of Sonya
The Importance of Sonya in War and Peace
Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace speculates deeply about history, religious life and human brotherhood.
Most readers focus on the characters of Natasha, Prince Andrew, and Pierre. Another character
named Sonya, who is an orphaned cousin, is staying with the Rostov family. Sonya is overshadowed
by the other characters, however, she is vital to the rounding out of the other characters in the novel.
The people she loves most take her life of commitment and sacrifice for granted. The reader is thus
also inclined to give little emphasis to her role in their lives and in the novel as a whole. As
someone who has essentially nothing, Sonya is willing to give everything she has to...show more
content...
The bond between these two characters allow Tolstoy to set up many interesting situations. Tolstoy
often puts the two women into parallel situations and uses Sonya as an anti–thesis to Natasha.
At the beginning of the novel, both Natasha and Sonya are "in love." Natasha is in love with
Boris, and Sonya with Nicholas. Through the love of teenage girls, the feelings present the first
situation employed by Tolstoy to compare the two friends. Both Boris and Nicholas are leaving
for the war with the promise of one day marrying the two young girls who they now leave behind.
The departure of Nicholas devastates Sonya. She vows to always love him even though she knows
in her heart how hard it would be for the two cousins to marry. Sonya feels this so strongly that she
gives Nicholas her undying love. This devotion never ceases despite several temptations. The same
cannot be said for Natasha.
Natasha's love for Boris is short–lived, which leaves the reader to wonder whether it is true love at
all. Natasha later takes a liking to Prince Andrew, Pierre, Denisov, and Anatole Kuragin. Only when
she has fully matured does she finally realize her true love for Prince Andrew and then for Pierre.
Both women are presented with alternatives to the men to whom they have pledged their love, and
both women react like true opposites, revealing Tolstoy's use of Sonya as an anti–thesis.
After Natasha and

The Theory Of War And Peace Essay
This week's readings mainly challenge neorealists' prescriptions about war and peace. While the
systemic theory presented by Waltz (1979) sees international structure as the main source of war
and equal distribution of power between two actors (bipolarity) as the main guarantee of peace,
Bremer (1992) and Reed (2000) emphasize the role of domestic factors on the emergence of conflict,
and Wohlforth (1999) claims that unipolarity not bipolarity will stabilize the international system.
Thompson (2006), in contrast to Wohlforth, presents completely opposite arguments about the
unipolarity of current system and makes different prediction related to its possible period of
persistency. According to the subjects of debates this paper consists of two parts where besides
findings and arguments of each article, I focus on the possible counterarguments that might be given
as a response by realists. Systemic factors vs. domestic factors The first debate area is covered in
articles by Stuart A. Bremer and William Reed. Particularly, Bremer claims that assumptions of
idealism about pacifying effects of collective security alliances; democratization, economic
development and reduced level of weaponry are more accurate than realism's tenets. In contrary to
Waltz's (1988, 627) argument that "wars, hot and cold, originate in the structure of the international
political system", Reed contributes to this debate by further emphasizing the effects of domestic
factors on the conflict onset and

Essay on Tolstoy's War and Peace
Tolstoy's War and Peace
Summary
War and Peace tells the story of the Rostovs, an upper–class family in Russia, and several people
associated with them. It follows the characters through fifteen years during the Napoleonic Wars,
from 1805 to 1820. It gives a fictional description of the events in the life of the Rostov family as
well as some of the historical events of the time.
Analysis
Tolstoy is regarded by some as the greatest writer about war (Bayley 16). He includes details in the
military scenes of War and Peace. Many battles and army movements are described, but the details
included are not militaristic. Instead, Tolstoy depicts individual soldiers and their actions in an
effective attempt to give the reader a...show more content...
It is a work so amazingly great that though many have felt its greatness, few have understood how
great it is. Tolstoy is one who reveals the secrets of life and death. The meaning of history, the
strength of nations, the mystery of death, the reality of love and family life–such are the subjects he
deals with (qtd. in Silbajoris 11).
This quote illustrates just how great the scope of Tolstoy's War and Peace really is. It was the
first work of its kind in Russian literature (9). Because of its immense length Turgenev called it
"an elephant" and Leontiev described it as "a Hindu idol, with three heads and six arms" (Slonim
325). Another critic sums up War and Peace by saying it "encompasses multiple aspects of life in a
huge epic sweep, a wide–screen panorama of history as a presence in the human soul, and of the
human soul as the fulfillment of history" (Silbajoris 14). It can be called an epic because of its
length and scope, but it is unlike other epics. It does not have a real plot or one dominant hero.
Instead, it has two heroes and two heroines in peace and three dominant heroes in war (Slonim 325).
Despite the epic scope of War and Peace, or perhaps because of it, its readers can identify with and
are affected by the characters and their stories. Part of what gives War and Peace its universality is its

Just War Theory: The Ethics Of War And Peace
ETHICS OF WAR & PEACE The ethics of war and peace are governed by three theories: Realism,
Pacifism and Just war theory. Just war theory proposes that sometimes states can have moral
justification for fighting war. War can be morally right too. War can be thought of as an ethical and
appropriate use of mass political violence. According to Realism, morality and justice isn't actually
applied while considering a country's foreign policy. That is to say that a country will indifferently
think solely about its national interests during wartime. Pacifism does not share Realism's
perspective of moral skepticism. Pacifism is of crude opinion regarding war; it says that moral
concepts should apply to international relations/affairs. Pacifists believe...show more content...
It regulates the ending of war and easy transition from war to peace. Now the moral resources of the
Just war theory get enabled. Proposed principles external jus post bellum are as follows:
1.Proportionality and Publicity. The peace settlement must be measured and reasonable, and also
publicly proclaimed. 2.Rights Vindication. The settlement must secure those basic rights whose
breach started the justified war. The rights include human rights to life and liberty and community
entitlements to territory and sovereignty. The main goal of any settlement is to ensure that the war
has an improving effect with respect to original situation. Rights must be respected at any cost.
3.Discrimination. Distinction must be made between the soldiers, the leaders, and the civilians in
the defeated country. Civilians should be entitled to reasonable immunity from post–war measures.
This intends to rule out socio–economic sanctions as a part of post–war punishment. 4.Punishment
#1. When the defeated country has been a evident, rights–violating attacker, proportionate
punishment must be given to them. The leaders should face fair and public international trials for war

War And Peace Themes
When it comes to a novel that defines human struggles in the most realistic way possible, which
one comes to mind? For me, it would be War and Peace, by Leo Tolstoy. This novel is set in an
early 19th century Russia, highlighting the interactions of several aristocratic Russian families
against the backdrop of Napoleon Bonaparte's invasion of Russia and the burning of Moscow. There
are several themes interwoven in the plot that speak to the dynamics of human life. The main themes
of War and Peaceare the irrational nature of human behaviour, family, and the search for a purpose.
One of the main themes of War and Peace is the irrational nature of human behaviour. A clear
example of this is the scandalous affair between Natasha Rostov and Anatole Kuragin. Natasha
Rostov was happily engaged to Prince Andrey Bolkonsky, but suddenly ended the engagement
because she fell in love with Anatole within a 3–day span and wished to elope and run away with
him. Her cousin Sonya, upon learning of the affair directly from Natasha, commented "Natasha, I
can't believe you, you're joking. In three days to forget everything, and like this..." (659). To this,
Natasha responds "It seems to me as though I have loved him for a hundred years... You can't
understand that" (659). This relates to how irrational impulses are logical to an individual, but
seldom to anyone else. To Natasha, following her heart means finding happiness, but her desires also
blind her from reality and concrete truth.

Morality Of War And Peace
Kirsten Young
ID#: 817086784
Phil 340
Morality of War and Peace
Exam #1
For Aquinas, there are three conditions for Just War. The first is that the war must be declared by
authority of a head of state or a proper authority. The requirement for a war to be declared comes
from the Roman law. There is no specific time limit between hostile activities and the declaration, but
the act of declaring war does invite the second party to the pending hostilities for the opportunity
to offer redress in lieu of war. An aggrieving nation must have refused to render the satisfaction to
proceed with a just war. War is not a last resort, but the cause of war cannot be considered just
unless the aggrieved party has first tendered the opportunity for a peaceful settlement and been
refused. War becomes a means of sanction for some injury received in those cases where there is
no alternative means seeking redress. The second of Aquinas ' conditions for a just war is for a
proportionally good reason or just cause. If one can seek redress from some higher authority, then
one is not justified in resorting to violence. Aquinas states that the natural order conducive to peace
among mortals demands that the power to declare and counsel war should be in the hands of those
who hold the supreme authority. States have no common weal against internal disturbances,
meaning that it is their business to have recourses to the sword of war in defending the common
weal against external enemies. Lastly,

War and Peace Essay
War and Peace
The greater threat to world peace in the 20s, 30s, and 40s is a point that could be argued and
debated upon for essays on piles of essays. The true threats of world peace were those who were
naГЇve enough to believe that a people can be totally humiliated as the Germans were in the Treaty
of Versailles following World War I and not be subject to promises of regained glory. Throughout
the 1920s, the world was relatively peaceful–save perhaps the Italian "revolution" by Mussolini who
had his Fascist government set up fully by the year 1926 and the Beer Hall Putsch led by Adolf Hitler
in 1923.
With the crushing of the revolution by the Bavarian government (which was completely riddled full
of...show more content...
He was then able to win a significant portion of the election of 1932 and was then appointed German
Chancellor, but when the German President died in 1934, the true march to the end of world peace
was on. It first began with the attempt to acquire Austria as part of the German country, but that
attempt was quickly smacked down due to threats by Mussolini to use his own armies to stop
Hitler's advance. However, this backbone was not exerted by other "Allied Powers" of World War I.
The United States had taken a isolationist stand on European politics, the only benefactors being the
new Fascist regimes in Europe. In 1934, Germany began open rearmament of its military and
participated in the Spanish Revolution–a sort of sandbox to play with their newly developed
weapons and "Blitzkrieg" tactics. (http://www.sta.cathedral.org/depts/history/cho/ch20e.html)
With the growing power of Fascism in Europe, Britain and France were hoping to have a war
between the newly formed USSR and Nazi Germany in which both governments would destroy one
another. The USSR, a French ally, was growing continually tired of France and Britain's
appeasement of Hitler. The "enforcing powers" (France and Britain) of the Versailles Treaty now
basically giving Hitler a blank check to any area of land that he wanted as long as he would be
"satisfied." A game that had been played over the past two years

World Peace and Nonviolence
World Peace and Non–violence
Ganadhipati Tulsi
Society consists of innumerable individuals having a common bond. That bond is mutuality.
Plurality constitutes collectivity, but mere collectivity does not become society without the bond of
mutuality. Without a common thread the beads would not make a rosary and it is of utmost
importance to examine and evaluate the thread.
We live as part of society and the unit of society is the individual. Like individuals like society and
vice versa. The above relationship is both ways true but relatively so. In modern times, society is
conceived in terms of economic conditions and their management. It is assumed that if the latter are
good the individual will be good too. Behind this assumption is the...show more content...
Disarmament does offer a solution to the problem of war, but it cannot offer an adequate solution in
the absence of a proper study of the factors leading to a war. And these factors are expansionism,
the tendency of some countries to impose their political system and life style on others and the
mentality of universal proselytization. We must address ourselves to finding the ways of removing
these factors if we want to prevent wars and establish world peace.
Non–violence: The Eternal Religion
Non–violence is an eternal religion but we do not accept it as such. Though violence is a negative
tendency and non–violence a positive one, for all practical purposes we have changed their places.
As a matter of fact a serious misunderstanding has arisen because of the word non–violence, since it
is taken to mean the negation of violence.. It has led people to believe that violence and not
non–violence is an unavoidable part of life. The rigmarole of violence automatically comes to an end
once non–violence is understood to be an inevitable part of life.
Problem of Non–violence
It is not difficult to prove the proposition that man has accorded full recognition to the need for and
usefulness of violence. Today thousands of scientists are busy inventing destructive weapons and
thousands upon thousands of soldiers are either undergoing training in the use of arms or staging
war rehearsals. Thus all the three activities –– research, training and practice are going on in

War and World Peace
Why We Never Need to Worry about World Peace
World Peace is something that will never happen. Too many countries have too much military
power and don't want to give in to any other country. War is something that the world is going to
have to deal with because there has been very few years over the history of the world that have
been war free. Like one quote by an unknown author says, "Peace is rare: less than 8% of the time
since the beginning of recorded time has the world been entirely at peace. In a total of 3530 years,
286 have been warless. Eight thousand treaties have been broken in this time."
Albert Einstein, born on March 14, 1879 is one of the most influential people of the modern era.
(Einstein) As a physicist he changed...show more content...
In 1980 Graham dedicated the center. In 1992 it was announced by the BGEA that Billy Graham
had Parkinson's disease, and he would be easing back a little on his busy schedule. (Billy Graham
Center Archives)
Billy Graham once said, "We must have military power to keep madmen from taking over the
world." What he is trying to say is if a country has a lot of military power that will deter someone
from trying to take it over. It will make people think twice about trying to take over a country with
a powerful military, but it won't prevent all attacks from outside enemies. Just look at what
happened on September 11, 2001. The U.S has one of the most powerful militaries in the world
and still got attacked. Hijackers ran two jets into the World Trade Center towers. Eventually the
two towers came crashing to the ground. President Bush stayed in the air on board Air Force One
shortly after the attacks, but later addressed the nation and said that he condemns evil and
despicable acts and vowed revenge on whoever did it. (NYTimes) Some of the witnesses described
the scene as follows: "I'm so scared", "It took an hour to get out. Sometimes it was calm and
orderly, other times it was complete bedlam", " I thought it was an earthquake at first", and " People
just kept jumping and jumping and jumping and you could still see they were alive because they
were flailing around." (ABC News) Those were just some quotes from eyewitnesses. That is just
one example of how a

Themes In Leo Tolstoy's War And Peace
War and Peace
Leo Tolstoy
TOLSTOY, L. (2017). WAR AND PEACE. S.l.: OXFORD UNIV PRESS. War and Peace was
written by Leo Tolstoy in 1867, about sixty–two years after War and Peace took place. War and
Peace gives a detailed background to how Russian society was during Napoleon's invasion.
Throughout this book, Tolstoy gives examples of how class and social importance can drop
quickly and majorly devastating in Moscow. But while in St. Petersburg dropping a social class
was not as devastating, but still was still talked about in the everyday life of a peasant. Many
themes and ideas are represented in War and Peace. Family was also well represented in Tolstoy's
book, War and Peace. In Tolstoy's eye family is written with a harsh reality and devastating truth.
Throughout the book, each family has its own problems, happy moments, deaths, marriages, and
many other things. For example, the Rostov family had many ups and downs. In volume 2, Count
and Countess Rostov demanded their son, Pierre Rostov to marry a rich girl to save his family from
bankruptcy.
In 1805, the Russian Royals have thrown a...show more content...
Some of the most well known geological features consists of Caucasus Mountains, Volga river, and
the Siberian Tundra. Since Russia has a diverse land features, this leads to diverse temperatures,
ranging from –38В°C (–25.6 F), 22В°C (71.6 F).
Tolstoy gave many examples of hardships of war but also the many good things that happen
because of war. But also gave insight into the peace that comes with war. The majority of War and
Peace focuses on the hard facts of military, families, and history all into his book. Tolstoy did not
want to have the focus of this book to be of the most well known historical figures like Napoleon or
Alexander the First, but to focus on the parts of Napoleon's invasion that weren't hardly talked about
or made into the history

Analysis Of ' War And Peace ' By Leo Tolstoy
In this paper, I will discuss the concept of simplicity in War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy. That
simplicity is narratively shown by character Platon Karataev (Platon for short), his dog, the
complexity of Pierre and Tolstoy's philosophy of life.
Platon and Pierre are inmates to one another. Platon shows up in Chapter 3 of Book 12, 13 and 14.
Even though a number of words Tolstoy writes about Platon is not significant compared to our
personas such as Pierre, Natasha or Prince Andrew, it's still enough for us, the reader, to perceive the
simplicity of this character. Platon is a simple person, physically and spiritually. On page 857, line
"And there was so much kindliness and simplicity in his singsong voice that Pierre tried to reply",
Pierre feels tears rising to his eyes when Platon asks if Pierre has seen a lot of trouble. Right after
acknowledging that, Platon "instantly continued in the same pleasant tones" to encourage Pierre
(857). He explains there are good men and there are bad men, then he offers Pierre some baked
potatoes. Pierre feels warm and welcomed. Platon treats Pierre like a friend and Platon himself is
a child, an innocent and simple one, who's waiting for so long to get a company of his visited
home. That innocence and simplicity are also shown on page 857, line "his words were always
waiting ready in his mouth and flew out involuntarily" and page 860, line "his face, despite its
fine... and irresistible persuasiveness" or page 860, line "and indeed he only

War or Peace? Essays
If you think about war and then think about peace is war really all that bad? Without wars there
would basically be no human life because no one would have anything really. Wars are defiantly
not all good but they are also not all bad if there are not a bunch of them. A successful war in
transition to peace was the Guatemalan war of 1960–1996 because they are still living in a bit
peaceful country today but are making major progress. An example of an unsuccessful war in
transition to peace is the 1991 Somalia Civil War which is still ongoing today. Corruption is on of
the main things this essay will be about since corruption is on of the leading causes of most wars in
the world. The Guatemalan civil war was one of the longest and...show more content...
Before long, the Rebel Armed Forces (FAR) were formed and they began assassinating United States
military advisors and ambassadors. Then in the 1970's insurgent organizations began forming and
fought against the military that was in charge. When Rios Montt took over as the new president of
Guatemala; his main concern was defeating the guerrilla groups with his military army. The
government started forming civilian defense patrols called PACs. Participation was mostly
voluntary, but most Guatemalans had no choice, they either had to join the PACs or the
guerrillas. Rios Montt's army and PACs recaptured all of the guerrilla's land and their activities
declined. Even though, Rios Montt won this victory he won it at the cost civilians' lives. After
the violence of Montt, General Oscar Humberto Mejia Victores stepped in as President. In 1984
Mejia agreed to give back democracy to Guatemala and they elected a new official. He took office
in January 1986: Vinicio Cerezo, a civilian politician. Even with a new President it took another
ten years of war to make peace. In the first two years of Cerezo's presidency there was a decline in
violence and the military only struggled with armed insurgents. There was also a more stable
economy which was excellent for the Guatemalans. In the last two years, there was a failing
economy, illness, and the escalation of violence. The government did not know how to deal with the
country's declining heath, education, and economy or the rise in

The Conflict Of War And Peace
Intro
In todays society there are many conflicts,or disagreements these conflicts and disagreements need
to be solved. Some can be felt with by simply talking it out but others are on a global scale, and
these will need more than talking to settle. Some conflicts on a global scale can lead to war, and
others can be negotiated using peace. If you believe in only peace then you are a pacifist. Today's
society has war and peace as a solution to conflict but it is in everyones beliefs and values that
will help them to form their own opinion on weather they are a pacifist or they believe in only war
or bits of both, it is different for everyone .
P1–war
War is a large scaled, deadly, serious and emotional battle of conflict between two or more sides.
War involves weapons that kill, so the survivors are honoured especially if they are high up in the
ranks. War is "good for few, bad for most"Latuff. If you are fighting in war then your time is
precious as you only have one life. There are many dangers whilst fighting in war, there are risks
of gas,bombs, surprise attacks, snipers and shooting. If you are fighting then you are most likely
going to be sent out onto no mans land. Before and during the troops sending of on their attack a
bagpipe is played to block out the noise of men dying as they sprint. One man is left in the trench to
kill those who flee and turn around as this shows cowardliness. "if anyone turns to retreat, shoot
them" War Horse. Some are shot and left to

Essay on Peace
After a millennium of conflict and war–what chance of a millennium of peace? Some ten millennia
ago civilization emerged in the Middle East, as the people of that area learned to till the earth and
grow crops, thus opening the way to the ownership of land and the accumulation of wealth, and also
to population growth and urban settlement. This new way of life created the potential for conflicts
between towns and states and, later, between empires. This civilization brought warfare in its train.
While these new state structures was evolving, Christianity was becoming a predominantly
European religion. And the power of that religion's moral teaching, however much distorted by
human failings of clergy and rulers, inspired an extraordinary...show more content...
Not, perhaps, in the short run. But I would be optimistic that over the century ahead peace and order
under just such an international rule of law may also take hold gradually in other continents. For
global public opinion, alerted and informed by the electronic as well as the printed media, has
become increasingly hostile to the brutality of inter–ethnic and inter–state violence and to continuing
gross breaches of human rights.
As we enter the third millennium, this should, I believe, become the key objective of public policy
worldwide.
I believe it is the dove of peace, which, taking its aerial flight from the dome of the capitol, carries
the glad tidings of assured peace and restored harmony to all the remotest extremities of this
distracted land. I believe that it will be attended with all these beneficent effects. And now let us
discard all resentment, all passions, all petty jealousies, all personal desires, all love of place, all
hankerings after the gilded crumbs which fall from the table of power. Let us forget popular fears,
from whatever quarter they may spring. Let us go to the limpid fountain of unadulterated patriotism,
and, performing a solemn lustration, return divested of all selfish, sinister, and sordid impurities, and
think alone of our God, our country, our consciences, and our glorious Union–that

Essay on In Love and War
"In Love and War"
Abstract: Women of Afghanistan are forced to live under oppressive regulations set forth for them
by the men of their societies. Women have virtually no rights to do anything for themselves. There
entire lives are controlled by and lived for someone else. Through their songs, they lament the
conditions of their lives and are able to convey a beauty in their verses that all people can identity
with. (67 words)
Key Words: Pashtun, women, honor, oppression, songs
Love and war, two concepts that are so contradictory it is hard to believe they could ever coexist
simultaneously in one society. War is a state of conflict, hostility and chaos which reeks havoc on
civilizations as opposing forces struggle to defend their cause...show more content...
The PDPA advocated for women's rights and equality, while traditionalists from tribal
communities were opposed to this equality as they viewed it as a threat to the current power
structures, as well as a danger to their economic well being. The problem of the weak central state
served to exacerbate this problem due to its inability to effectively employ these modernizing
programs and goals (213). The question of women became an issue of central concern among the
opposing sides. For the Afghan modernizers the women's liberation and equality became an
integral political and cultural goal of the regime. While for traditionalists keeping the women in
their current subordinate status was a vital element of their identity and social structure (214).
Women are subjected to extremely hard physical labor. They are responsible for performing the
most daunting, and exhaustive domestic work, without any compensation. Her labor power and
the products of that labor are controlled totally by men (215). She is also subject to arranged
marriage where she is treated like the property of her father as he sells her off for a bride price
provided to compensate him for the loss of his daughter's labor, rather than provide social insurance
for the girl incase of divorce or widowhood as is custom in many other Muslim

Essay On Peace And Peace
Finding peace through love and overcoming fear
The quality of life does not depend on the material progress or the external development we have,
but it rather depends on the inner development of the happiness and peace. Once a person has
peace in their life then they can somehow control various situations such as fights, and their
biggest fears in the best way possible. The person can win over the evil inside Them. Inner peace
refers mostly to soul, body and mind. When people experience inner peace they know that it is not
dependant on place, people, external object, a time or situation. Inner peace is interrelated with
love, one cannot simply separate them and that is the reason how love and peace keeps the
motivation, dedication and belief in one's self and helps to keep the frustration low. A person feels
more satisfied and at peace with therself when they start to understand the value of life. When good
prevails over evil within us, we cannot spread...show more content...
Peace comes from and looking for the good in others and by living in the moment. Peacefulness
comes from facing our fears and letting them come towards us, trusts that things will turn out all
right.
As a highschool basketball player, I sometimes felt that my life wasn't as easy as the lives of most
of people that were on my team. I would see my teamates familys come out and support there family
member, but i would almost never see mine. I admit, it got to me sometimes. It affected my
grades in school as would loose focus in class becasue i felt like i had no motivation, support or
purpose. My family wanted me to leave the sport and concentrate on studies to secure my future
but that was least of my problems. When I started to manage my studies and my sports on a level
that I could make my parents stop worrying about my future, my uncle died. He was the only one
who ever showed up for atleast one of my games. For a

Christopher Mccandless 'War And Peace'
Into The Wild Essay Christopher McCandless was a young man who was successful in school, but
gave everything up and went alone into the wilderness trying to find a better life style. This young
man was found dead in the middle of the big frozen wilderness after a couple of months from when
he left. McCandless was a very successful student who had pressure from his parents, and he decided
to give up everything he had including thousands of dollars from scholarships to charity. The biggest
attraction that this young man had was to get to Alaska hitchhiking with almost no resources.
In April of 1992 Christopher McCandless made the decision that would change the rest of his life.
No one knows exactly why he made this decision, but the most accurate thing that has been heard is
that he was tired of the same life and of all the pressure and dedication that...show more content...
One of the books that may have influenced him the most probably was "War and Peace" from Leo
Tolstoy the same book that he had given and autographed to Westenberg. This may be thought
because in this book the author talks about trying to find a different life than what you are used to,
and much more things similar to what McCandless did. Another thing that could have been what
influenced McCandless was his family and the problems that he had with them. Since Chris was
little he was putted into a more advanced school because there were things that proof that he was
to smart for normal school. Even though Chris did not liked this school he was forced by his
parents to go. Also when he was older his parents always had very high expectations from him and
wanted him to always be successful. All of this things tied up together may have been what caused
Chris to quit everything that he was doing and just want to go to live in the wilderness with barely
nothing of supplies, and also give away all of his scholarship instead of using it for the

War and Peace and Tolstoy's View of History
Count Lev Tolstoy wrote abundantly on the philosophical issues that he felt were universally
important. One of the most prolific examples of this is his view of history. This is set out most
clearly and most famously in his largest work, War and Peace. As Tolstoy claimed himself in a
public statement on the work, 'War and Peace is what the author wanted and was able to express in
that form in which it was expressed.' Not only do the themes and incidents in the novel reflect his
theory of history, Tolstoy iterates this in less narrative terms in the twelve chapters of the Second
Epilogue, described as, 'A general discussion on the historians' study of human life, and on the...show
more content...
As Tolstoy said, 'What I have expressed in the epilogue of the novel, without quotations and
references, is not the momentary fancy of my mind but the inevitable conclusions of seven years of
work, which I had to do.'
The Second Epilogue can be split up into three sections1, in section one, comprising chapters 1 to 3,
Tolstoy reviews various schools of historiography, in section two, comprising chapters 4 to 7, he
deals with the question of nature and power and what determines the movements of peoples, in
section three, comprising chapters 8 to 12, he discusses the problem of free will.
The first section has been widely disregarded as a limited and anachronistic description of modern
historiography and the logocentric reliance on the presumption that what he feels is important, is
important for self evident reasons. It is often argued that Tolstoy gives an 'artificial' impression of
historians, criticising them for things he is wrong in thinking they have claimed. But what is
important is that through doing this, Tolstoy establishes what is important for him, for his view of
history. He states that in order to explain the movements of people, there

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