China final power point edits

1
CHINA
Created by: Chynna Greene, Kristina Guerrero, Alaina Leadbeter,
Alvin Loi, Hayley Sparre, Mitch Weiss

2
Chinese Culture:
GeographyGEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY

3 Geographic CharacteristicsGeographic Characteristics
 China is the 4China is the 4thth
largest country in the world with 9,596,961 sq.largest country in the world with 9,596,961 sq.
km.km.
 Natural Resources include coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas,Natural Resources include coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas,
mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum andmercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum and
rare earth elements.rare earth elements.
 The climate is very diverse! It’s tropical in the south andThe climate is very diverse! It’s tropical in the south and
subarctic in the north.subarctic in the north.
GEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY

4 Important Cities
 Capital City: BeijingCapital City: Beijing
 Key Cities:Key Cities:
 Shanghai: It is China’s most modern andShanghai: It is China’s most modern and
populated city and it’s busiest port.populated city and it’s busiest port.
 Hong Kong: The British occupied Hong Kong inHong Kong: The British occupied Hong Kong in
1841 for 100 years during the first Opium War.1841 for 100 years during the first Opium War.
They gave Hong Kong back to China in JulyThey gave Hong Kong back to China in July
1997. The official language there is Cantonese.1997. The official language there is Cantonese.
GEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY

5 Colonial HistoryColonial History
 China is the world’s oldest civilization, spanning overChina is the world’s oldest civilization, spanning over
some 5,000 years!some 5,000 years!
 It was ruled by dynasties. The 1It was ruled by dynasties. The 1stst
dynasty was the Xiadynasty was the Xia
dynasty, established around 2000 B.C.dynasty, established around 2000 B.C.
 Qui Shi Huang became known as the first emperor ofQui Shi Huang became known as the first emperor of
China.China.
 Some of the Chinese dynasties were formed by nativeSome of the Chinese dynasties were formed by native
Han and nomadic northern tribes who were absorbedHan and nomadic northern tribes who were absorbed
into Chinese culture.into Chinese culture.
HISTORYHISTORY

6 Colonial History
 Under the Qin Shi Huang in the 3Under the Qin Shi Huang in the 3rdrd
century B.C.,century B.C.,
construction of the Great Wall of China began asconstruction of the Great Wall of China began as
protection against invasions from their northern andprotection against invasions from their northern and
eastern neighbors.eastern neighbors.
 It was finished under the Ming Dynasty in the 17It was finished under the Ming Dynasty in the 17thth
century A.D.century A.D.
HISTORYHISTORY

7 Colonial HistoryColonial History
 The Opium WarsThe Opium Wars
 The First War: 1839-1842The First War: 1839-1842
 Between China and BritainBetween China and Britain
 China lost and forced to give Hong Kong to the UK.China lost and forced to give Hong Kong to the UK.
 The Second War: 1856-1860The Second War: 1856-1860
 The war was between China, Russia, the U.S, France and Britain.The war was between China, Russia, the U.S, France and Britain.
China lost.China lost.
HISTORYHISTORY

9  National Language: MandarinNational Language: Mandarin
 The language is spoken by possibly more people thanThe language is spoken by possibly more people than
any other language. Over 1.3 billion people speak it!any other language. Over 1.3 billion people speak it!
 It’s based of the the Beijing dialect.It’s based of the the Beijing dialect.
 Standard Mandarin is considered one of the 6 official UNStandard Mandarin is considered one of the 6 official UN
languages.languages.
LANGUAGELANGUAGE

10 History of the LanguageHistory of the Language
 The Silk Road had a major influence on the language’s phoneticThe Silk Road had a major influence on the language’s phonetic
development with a lot of Mediterranean and Buddhist scripture influences.development with a lot of Mediterranean and Buddhist scripture influences.
 Western languages began influencing Chinese language in the 20Western languages began influencing Chinese language in the 20thth
century.century.
 Some Japanese words are indistinguishable in comparison to traditionalSome Japanese words are indistinguishable in comparison to traditional
Chinese. Some even argue the origins of certain words between the twoChinese. Some even argue the origins of certain words between the two
countries.countries.
 Malcom Moore, writer for The Telegraph, said the Chinese is absorbingMalcom Moore, writer for The Telegraph, said the Chinese is absorbing
English words like: okay, bye-bye and guitar!English words like: okay, bye-bye and guitar!
LANGUAGELANGUAGE

11 Secondary LanguagesSecondary Languages
 1. Wu: (6.7%) Spoken in Zhejiang and Jiang Su provinces in1. Wu: (6.7%) Spoken in Zhejiang and Jiang Su provinces in
Shanghai and Hong Kong.Shanghai and Hong Kong.
 2. Yue/Cantonese: (5.2%) Spoken in Guangdong and Guangxi2. Yue/Cantonese: (5.2%) Spoken in Guangdong and Guangxi
provinces and Hainan island. Also spoken in Hong Kong, Macau,provinces and Hainan island. Also spoken in Hong Kong, Macau,
Singapore and Malaysia.Singapore and Malaysia.
 English: Since the 1970’s, teaching English has helped China withEnglish: Since the 1970’s, teaching English has helped China with
modernization and has given people more socioeconomicmodernization and has given people more socioeconomic
opportunities.opportunities.
LANGUAGELANGUAGE

12 Language InfluencesLanguage Influences
 Mandarin is taught in schools around the world.Mandarin is taught in schools around the world.
 In 2005, over 100,000 foreign learners took the Chinese ProficiencyIn 2005, over 100,000 foreign learners took the Chinese Proficiency
Test!Test!
 Chinese is considered one of the most important languages in theChinese is considered one of the most important languages in the
world because…world because…
 …… of the number of speakers.of the number of speakers.
 …… of the documented history.of the documented history.
 …… of China’s cultural influence.of China’s cultural influence.
PHILOSOPHPHILOSOPH
YY

14 National PopulationNational Population
 China’s Population:China’s Population:
1,343,239,923
people
SOCIETYSOCIETY

15
Regional PopulationsRegional Populations
 Beijing: 12.214 millionBeijing: 12.214 million
 Shanghai: 16.575 millionShanghai: 16.575 million
 Guangzhou: 8.884 millionGuangzhou: 8.884 million
 Shenzhen: 9.005 millionShenzhen: 9.005 million
 Chongqing: 9.401 millionChongqing: 9.401 million
SOCIETYSOCIETY

16 Economic/Class StructureEconomic/Class Structure
 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
 $12.38 trillion$12.38 trillion
 33rdrd
in the world behind the Europe andin the world behind the Europe and
the U.S.the U.S.
 GDP- Per Capita (PPP)GDP- Per Capita (PPP)
 $9,100 (118$9,100 (118thth
in the world)in the world)
 Population below the poverty line: 9.2%Population below the poverty line: 9.2%
SOCIETYSOCIETY

17 LiteracyLiteracy
 Literacy is defined as age 15 and over that can read and write.Literacy is defined as age 15 and over that can read and write.
 TOTAL POPULATIONTOTAL POPULATION
 92.2%92.2%
 Male: 96%Male: 96%
Female 88.5%Female 88.5%
SOCIETYSOCIETY

18 Race/Ethnic StrataRace/Ethnic Strata
 Main Ethnic Group: HanMain Ethnic Group: Han
Chinese (91.5%)Chinese (91.5%)
 Other Groups:Other Groups:
 ZhuangZhuang HuiHui ManchuManchu DongDong
 TibetanTibetan BuyiBuyi MongolMongol KoreanKorean
 YiYi YaoYao MiaoMiao TujiaTujia
SOCIETYSOCIETY

19
ReligionReligion
 Mainly AtheistMainly Atheist
 Other religions include: Taoist, Buddhist, ChristianOther religions include: Taoist, Buddhist, Christian
and Muslimand Muslim
 31% of the Chinese consider religion somewhat or very31% of the Chinese consider religion somewhat or very
important.important.
 11% say religion is not important at all.11% say religion is not important at all.
 Taoism is the only religion originated in China.Taoism is the only religion originated in China.
 Founded by Lao ZiFounded by Lao Zi
 The Yin and Yang philosophyThe Yin and Yang philosophy
SOCIETYSOCIETY

20 Everyday Life and ValuesEveryday Life and Values
 The Chinese are known for their hospitality andThe Chinese are known for their hospitality and
reserve.reserve.
 They follow Confucianism which focuses on order inThey follow Confucianism which focuses on order in
every way of life.every way of life.
 The principle of of Guanxi: “All for one and one forThe principle of of Guanxi: “All for one and one for
all.”all.”
 They are very proud of their history and achievements.They are very proud of their history and achievements.
SOCIETYSOCIETY

 The central government emphasizes respect and obedienceThe central government emphasizes respect and obedience
to authority.to authority.
 They have high values on social respect of elders andThey have high values on social respect of elders and
counterparts.counterparts.
 Family is most important.Family is most important.
 It is considered more important than the individual, and theIt is considered more important than the individual, and the
eldest is consulted for the biggest decisions.eldest is consulted for the biggest decisions.
 Children receive a lot of attention because of China’s One ChildChildren receive a lot of attention because of China’s One Child
Policy.Policy.
 Women are powerful as a worker and housewife.Women are powerful as a worker and housewife.
SOCIETYSOCIETY

 Relationships and MarriageRelationships and Marriage
 Intimate displays of affection are discouraged in the country, butIntimate displays of affection are discouraged in the country, but
more common in the city.more common in the city.
 The minimum age for marriage is 22 for men and 20 for women.The minimum age for marriage is 22 for men and 20 for women.
 If couples marry before that, they don’t get benefits.If couples marry before that, they don’t get benefits.
 Brides wear red to symbolize happiness and good luck.Brides wear red to symbolize happiness and good luck.
SOCIETYSOCIETY

 Many Chinese enjoy shopping overseas because brand names areMany Chinese enjoy shopping overseas because brand names are
cheaper.cheaper.
 Favorite sports include soccer, table tennis, swimming andFavorite sports include soccer, table tennis, swimming and
badminton.badminton.
 On Chinese New Year Eve, families have large dinners andOn Chinese New Year Eve, families have large dinners and
children receive red envelopes with money. Children born withchildren receive red envelopes with money. Children born with
the same animal the year celebrates gets a red gift to give themthe same animal the year celebrates gets a red gift to give them
good luck!good luck!
SOCIETYSOCIETY

25 Communist Party of ChinaCommunist Party of China
 President: Xi JinpingPresident: Xi Jinping  Premier: Li KeqiangPremier: Li Keqiang
GOVERNMENGOVERNMEN
TT

26 Communist Party of ChinaCommunist Party of China
 The Communist Party of China includes a leading central committee.The Communist Party of China includes a leading central committee.
 Members of the central committee are elected by the standing committeeMembers of the central committee are elected by the standing committee
and is organized based on the principle of democratic centralism.and is organized based on the principle of democratic centralism.
 Head of State includes: The President who appoints the Premier.Head of State includes: The President who appoints the Premier.
 Under that is the Vice President, the State Counselors and Ministers and theUnder that is the Vice President, the State Counselors and Ministers and the
Secretary of State Counselors.Secretary of State Counselors.
GOVERNMENGOVERNMEN
TT

27 State AdministrationState Administration
 The Central AdministrationThe Central Administration
 They adopt and propose administrative measures.They adopt and propose administrative measures.
 They stipulate tasks of commissions and administrations.They stipulate tasks of commissions and administrations.
 They draw up and implement economic and social plans (budget plans,They draw up and implement economic and social plans (budget plans,
civil affairs, public security and judicial administrations).civil affairs, public security and judicial administrations).
 They handle foreign affairs and national defense.They handle foreign affairs and national defense.
 The Local AdministrationThe Local Administration
 They tend the provinces, cities, counties and townships.They tend the provinces, cities, counties and townships.
GOVERNMENGOVERNMEN
TT

28
China: Regulation and FinanceChina: Regulation and Finance
Alvin LoiAlvin Loi
Mitchell WeissMitchell Weiss
Alaina LeadbetterAlaina Leadbetter
Hayley SparreHayley Sparre
Kristina GuerreroKristina Guerrero
Chynna GreeneChynna Greene

31 Communist Media System:Communist Media System:
 EgalitarianismEgalitarianism
 No class structureNo class structure
 Society needs are greater than the individualSociety needs are greater than the individual
 Government owned media structureGovernment owned media structure
 No profitable motivesNo profitable motives
PHILOSOPHPHILOSOPH
YY

32 Communist Media System:Communist Media System:
 Reinforcing Government ViewsReinforcing Government Views
 ArtsArts
 High cultureHigh culture
 Support of Communist DoctrineSupport of Communist Doctrine
 Government CensorshipGovernment Censorship
 No Deviation or ViolationNo Deviation or Violation
 TerminationTermination
 ImprisonmentImprisonment
PHILOSOPHPHILOSOPH
YY

33 XinhuaXinhua
• State News AgencyState News Agency
• Considered to be a propaganda toolConsidered to be a propaganda tool
by press freedom organizationsby press freedom organizations
• Under that is the CentralUnder that is the Central
Propaganda Department (CPD).Propaganda Department (CPD).
Under that is GeneralUnder that is General
Administration of Press andAdministration of Press and
Publication (GAPP) and StatePublication (GAPP) and State
Administration of Radio, Film andAdministration of Radio, Film and
Television (SARFT)Television (SARFT)
• The media companies under theseThe media companies under these
departments are China Central TVdepartments are China Central TV
and People's Daily.and People's Daily.
PHILOSOPHPHILOSOPH
YY

34
LET’S HAVE TEALET’S HAVE TEAPHILOSOPHPHILOSOPH
YY

36
Article 35Article 35
 Freedom of speech and press by the Chinese ConstitutionFreedom of speech and press by the Chinese Constitution
 Strict language requires Chinese citizens must defend:Strict language requires Chinese citizens must defend:
 ““the security, honor, and interests of the motherland”the security, honor, and interests of the motherland”
 Vague media regulationsVague media regulations
 Anything disliked by government can be found harmful to the “motherland”Anything disliked by government can be found harmful to the “motherland”
RegulationRegulation

37
Chain of CommandChain of Command
 Chinese Communist PartyChinese Communist Party
 Central Propaganda Department(CPD)Central Propaganda Department(CPD)
 General Administration of Press and Publication (GAPP)General Administration of Press and Publication (GAPP)
 State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT)State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT)
 Media Companies:Media Companies:
 Xinhua (government controlled television)Xinhua (government controlled television)
 China Central TVChina Central TV
 People’s DailyPeople’s Daily

38
Regulation Command BreakupRegulation Command Breakup
 Central Propaganda Department (CPD)Central Propaganda Department (CPD)
 Led by Lui YunshanLed by Lui Yunshan
 Communist counterpart to the government GAPP and SARFTCommunist counterpart to the government GAPP and SARFT
 They ensure that nothing is published that is inconsistent with the CommunistThey ensure that nothing is published that is inconsistent with the Communist
Party views.Party views.
 CPD deal with more monitoring the people while GAPP and SARFT exercise theirCPD deal with more monitoring the people while GAPP and SARFT exercise their
censorship power through licensing.censorship power through licensing.
 State Supreme Council(aka Central People’s Government)State Supreme Council(aka Central People’s Government)
 They are the executive body of the highest organ of state power and the highestThey are the executive body of the highest organ of state power and the highest
organ of state powerorgan of state power
 They report directly to the National People Congress.They report directly to the National People Congress.
 Work in tandem with GAPP and SARFTWork in tandem with GAPP and SARFT
 The heads of these organization are all party members.The heads of these organization are all party members.
 The members of the organizations are all appointed by their respective leadersThe members of the organizations are all appointed by their respective leaders
after proving their loyalty views of the Communist party.after proving their loyalty views of the Communist party.
http://www.cecc.gov/pages/virtualAcad/exp/expcensors.php,
http://al.china-embassy.org/eng/zggk/t514664.htm

39 Who Regulates What?Who Regulates What?
SARFTSARFT
 State administration of radio,State administration of radio,
film, and televisionfilm, and television
 Screen, bans, and shuts downScreen, bans, and shuts down
unapproved materialunapproved material
 Led by Cai FuchaoLed by Cai Fuchao
GAPPGAPP
 General Administration of PressGeneral Administration of Press
and Publicationand Publication
 Regulates newspapers and InternetRegulates newspapers and Internet
 Licenses publishersLicenses publishers
 Screen written publicationsScreen written publications
 Bans and shuts down unapprovedBans and shuts down unapproved
materialmaterial
 Led by Zhang FuhaiLed by Zhang Fuhai
As result of their similar responsibilities,As result of their similar responsibilities,
the two organizations will merge in 2013 under the new government regime.the two organizations will merge in 2013 under the new government regime.
Those who are leaders in these sections of government are appointed by the president.Those who are leaders in these sections of government are appointed by the president.

40 China Media Control MethodsChina Media Control Methods
 Dismissals and demotionDismissals and demotion
 LibelLibel
 FinesFines
 Closing news outletClosing news outlet

41 Content Regulated In ChinaContent Regulated In China
 Information deemed as state secretsInformation deemed as state secrets
 Intentionally defined vaguely and could cover any information deemed a dangerIntentionally defined vaguely and could cover any information deemed a danger
to the countryto the country
 Social media websiteSocial media website
 Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube are blockedFacebook, Twitter, and YouTube are blocked
 However, they do have state friendly equivalent of these sitesHowever, they do have state friendly equivalent of these sites
 Limited international media, such as CNN, are allowed, but are closelyLimited international media, such as CNN, are allowed, but are closely
monitored by the government.monitored by the government.

42 Content Regulated ContinuedContent Regulated Continued
 They regulate all posts that fall under the category ofThey regulate all posts that fall under the category of
pornography and criticism of censorshippornography and criticism of censorship
 Any material that suggest change in governmental policies orAny material that suggest change in governmental policies or
ideologyideology
 Criticizing and even making fun of the government is allowed asCriticizing and even making fun of the government is allowed as
long as they don’t suggest an actual policy changelong as they don’t suggest an actual policy change

43 Chinese CensorshipChinese Censorship
 Keeping foreign sites out is easy for China since access is limitedKeeping foreign sites out is easy for China since access is limited
 Three large computer centers in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou areThree large computer centers in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou are
the only access pointthe only access point
 Government computers nicknamed the “Great Firewall” keep a watchfulGovernment computers nicknamed the “Great Firewall” keep a watchful
eye on the dataeye on the data
 Any suspicious data is intercepted and checked against the ever changingAny suspicious data is intercepted and checked against the ever changing
list of forbidden keywords and websiteslist of forbidden keywords and websites

44
Chinese Censorship ContinuedChinese Censorship Continued
 In 2010, the government issued the first “white paper” on theIn 2010, the government issued the first “white paper” on the
Internet that requires all Internet users to abide by theirInternet that requires all Internet users to abide by their
“Internet sovereignty” and follow their rules and regulations“Internet sovereignty” and follow their rules and regulations
 The watch group Reporter Without Borders ranked China 174The watch group Reporter Without Borders ranked China 174
out of 179 in its worldwide index of press freedom in 2012out of 179 in its worldwide index of press freedom in 2012

45 Censorship guidelinesCensorship guidelines
 In 2010, the New York Times published a story involving a leakedIn 2010, the New York Times published a story involving a leaked
 March 2010 report of China’s secretive censorship guidelinesMarch 2010 report of China’s secretive censorship guidelines
 For news on the electoral law during the two meeting (annual session of theFor news on the electoral law during the two meeting (annual session of the
National People’s Congress and the Chinese People’s Political ConsultativeNational People’s Congress and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative
Conference), use only articles from Xinhua News Agency and People’s DailyConference), use only articles from Xinhua News Agency and People’s Daily
 Do not feature news article on the diary of a bureau director. News must not carryDo not feature news article on the diary of a bureau director. News must not carry
photos of related figures or content relating to individuals’ private matters fromphotos of related figures or content relating to individuals’ private matters from
human flesh searches and the likehuman flesh searches and the like
 No negative news allowed on the front page of newspapers or the headline newsNo negative news allowed on the front page of newspapers or the headline news
section of websitessection of websites
 Do not report on the cases of detention center inmates dying during sleepDo not report on the cases of detention center inmates dying during sleep

46 Government Control is Calming DownGovernment Control is Calming Down
 With the uprising of advertising and their funding of mediaWith the uprising of advertising and their funding of media
outlets, government control is starting to slip. New regulationsoutlets, government control is starting to slip. New regulations
have yet to be put in place to counter this advertising overhaul,have yet to be put in place to counter this advertising overhaul,
resulting in more liberal, though not very liberal,resulting in more liberal, though not very liberal,
pieces/advertisements to make their way into the mass media.pieces/advertisements to make their way into the mass media.

48 ADVERTISINGADVERTISING
 Government is losingGovernment is losing
stranglehold on regulating mediastranglehold on regulating media
outlets because of alternativeoutlets because of alternative
funding sourcesfunding sources
 Growing at a rate of 28%Growing at a rate of 28%
annually as a source of fundingannually as a source of funding
FUNDINGFUNDING
 Current split:Current split:
 Government: 50%Government: 50%
 Private: 16%Private: 16%
 The wealthier with aThe wealthier with a
political agenda invest.political agenda invest.
 Advertising: 34%Advertising: 34%
FINANCEFINANCE

49 Losing Financial ControlLosing Financial Control
 Government funding leads to dictatorship of the news which isGovernment funding leads to dictatorship of the news which is
broadcast.broadcast.
 Advertisements are becoming popular.Advertisements are becoming popular.
 Government influence is becoming weaker financially.Government influence is becoming weaker financially.
FINANCEFINANCE

50
In an attempt to regainIn an attempt to regain
some control of thesome control of the
printed news, theprinted news, the
Chinese governmentChinese government
attempted to controlattempted to control
and limit theand limit the
information found oninformation found on
Google.Google.
Google ultimatelyGoogle ultimately
pulled out of China.pulled out of China.
FINANCEFINANCE

51
RADIO, FILM &RADIO, FILM &
TVTV
 CNY: Chinese National YuanCNY: Chinese National Yuan
 2011 accounted for $290 billion CNY2011 accounted for $290 billion CNY
 $46.68 billion US$46.68 billion US
 Average growth:Average growth:
 $50 billion CNY/ year$50 billion CNY/ year
 $$8.05 billion US8.05 billion US
 Advertising:Advertising:
 $215 billion CNY$215 billion CNY
FINANCEFINANCE
Information Courtesy of SARFT: State Administration of Radio Film and TVInformation Courtesy of SARFT: State Administration of Radio Film and TV

52 InternetInternet
 Revenue stream:Revenue stream:
 $42.9 billion CNY$42.9 billion CNY
 $ 6.9 billion US$ 6.9 billion US
 Online Advertising:Online Advertising:
 $14.87 billion CNY$14.87 billion CNY
 $2.4 billion US$2.4 billion US
FINANCEFINANCE

53 NEWSPAPERNEWSPAPER
Revenue stream:Revenue stream:
 $37.8 million CNY$37.8 million CNY
 $6.08 million US$6.08 million US
Due to strict government restriction on media platforms, newspapers are controlled the most andDue to strict government restriction on media platforms, newspapers are controlled the most and
therefore have the least amount of financial data available, but the primary form of funding fortherefore have the least amount of financial data available, but the primary form of funding for
these newspapers comes from advertising.these newspapers comes from advertising.
FINANCEFINANCE

54
Chinese government is in a state ofChinese government is in a state of
“schizophrenia”“schizophrenia” about media policy as itabout media policy as it
“goes back and forth, testing the line,“goes back and forth, testing the line,
knowing they need press freedom—andknowing they need press freedom—and
the information it provides—but worriedthe information it provides—but worried
about opening the door to the type ofabout opening the door to the type of
freedoms that could lead to the regime’sfreedoms that could lead to the regime’s
downfall.”downfall.”
 Elizabeth C. EconomyElizabeth C. Economy
 China Domestic and Foreign Policy Senior Fellow and Director of Asia StudiesChina Domestic and Foreign Policy Senior Fellow and Director of Asia Studies

55
CHINESE MEDIA ACCESSIBILITY,
CONTENT, NEWS

56 Media Accessibility in China

57 China Newspapers AccessibilityChina Newspapers Accessibility
 Combined circulation: 76.84 papers for every 1,000 Chinese. 70.6Combined circulation: 76.84 papers for every 1,000 Chinese. 70.6
million daily copies.million daily copies.
 Top 10 daily newspapersTop 10 daily newspapers
Printed DailyPrinted Daily TypeType
 1. Reference News1. Reference News (3,250,000)(3,250,000)
GeneralGeneral
 2. People’s Daily2. People’s Daily (2,520,000)(2,520,000)
GeneralGeneral
 3. Guagzhou Daily3. Guagzhou Daily (1,850,000)(1,850,000)
GeneralGeneral
 4. Yangtse Evening News4. Yangtse Evening News (1,740,000)(1,740,000)
GeneralGeneral
 5. Qilu Evening News5. Qilu Evening News (1,670,000)(1,670,000)
GeneralGeneral
 6. Information Times6. Information Times
(1,570,000)(1,570,000) TabloidTabloid
ACCESSIBILITACCESSIBILIT
YY

58 Sample NewspapersACCESSIBILITACCESSIBILIT
YY

59 China Radio Accessibility - PublicChina Radio Accessibility - Public
 In 2011 97.06% of China’s population had access to radio.In 2011 97.06% of China’s population had access to radio.
 There are 673 radio stations.There are 673 radio stations.
 As of 2011, there are 2,590 radio shows.As of 2011, there are 2,590 radio shows.
 AM 369, FM 259, shortwave 45AM 369, FM 259, shortwave 45
 414 million radio receivers414 million radio receivers
 325.2 radios per 1,000 people325.2 radios per 1,000 people
 State Administration of Radio Film and Television (S.A.R.F.T)State Administration of Radio Film and Television (S.A.R.F.T)
 Originally founded in 1986, and reorganized in 1998.Originally founded in 1986, and reorganized in 1998.
 Formats include: news and information, “teen,” finance, comedy,Formats include: news and information, “teen,” finance, comedy,
hit music, international news coverage, current affairs,hit music, international news coverage, current affairs,
entertainment, music, health, cosmetic trends, jokes and conductsentertainment, music, health, cosmetic trends, jokes and conducts
interviews with celebrities.interviews with celebrities.
YY

60 Examples of China Radio StationsExamples of China Radio Stations
 PublicPublic broadcasting includes radio, televisionbroadcasting includes radio, television and other electronic mediaand other electronic media
outlets whose primary mission is public service. Public broadcastersoutlets whose primary mission is public service. Public broadcasters
receive funding from diverse sources including license fees, individualreceive funding from diverse sources including license fees, individual
contributions, public financing and commercial financing.contributions, public financing and commercial financing.
 AA Private StationPrivate Station a radio transmitting station carrying on a messagea radio transmitting station carrying on a message
service for business purposes but not open to the public.service for business purposes but not open to the public.
 CommercialCommercial means involving or relating to the buying and selling ofmeans involving or relating to the buying and selling of
goods.goods.
YY

61 China Radio Stations …China Radio Stations …
 *All METRO stations are private.*All METRO stations are private.
 Metro finance (FM 104)Metro finance (FM 104)
 Metro Finance started up on 5 February 2001. Metro FinanceMetro Finance started up on 5 February 2001. Metro Finance
delivers diverse content relating to investment funds, securities,delivers diverse content relating to investment funds, securities,
bonds, insurancebonds, insurance and other information relating to financialand other information relating to financial
markets in many places around the world.markets in many places around the world.
 Metro Info (FM 99.7)Metro Info (FM 99.7)
 Metro Showbiz has started broadcasting the latest entertainmentMetro Showbiz has started broadcasting the latest entertainment
news hourly, 24 hours a day since 22 January 2001.news hourly, 24 hours a day since 22 January 2001.
YY

62 China Radio Stations …China Radio Stations …
 Public Radio StationsPublic Radio Stations
 Central People’s Broadcasting Station (CPBS)Central People’s Broadcasting Station (CPBS)
 China’s main radio station.China’s main radio station.
 CPBS was founded in 1949 and owned by SARFT.CPBS was founded in 1949 and owned by SARFT.
 SARFT is a government organization which indicated governmentSARFT is a government organization which indicated government
funding for CPBS.funding for CPBS.
 National Radio Station of the People’s Republic of China has 39National Radio Station of the People’s Republic of China has 39
stations and broadcasts in 40 countries.stations and broadcasts in 40 countries.
YY

63 National RadioNational Radio
 CNR has ten channels, with 198 hours of dailyCNR has ten channels, with 198 hours of daily
broadcasting through satellite.broadcasting through satellite.
 China Radio International is broadcast worldwide. FirstChina Radio International is broadcast worldwide. First
aired December 3, 1941. China was in civil war.aired December 3, 1941. China was in civil war.
YY

64
China Television AccessibilityChina Television Accessibility
 Receivers per capita: 400 million television receivers perReceivers per capita: 400 million television receivers per
1billion people.1billion people.
 3,240 Television Broadcast Stations3,240 Television Broadcast Stations
 209 are operated by China Central Television, 31 are provincial209 are operated by China Central Television, 31 are provincial
television stations, 3,000 are local city.television stations, 3,000 are local city.
 On average there is 1 television per 1.5 households.On average there is 1 television per 1.5 households.
 Cable penetration: 187 subscribersCable penetration: 187 subscribers
 Worlds largest cable user base.Worlds largest cable user base.
 Coverage of T.V. network has reached 98%Coverage of T.V. network has reached 98%
 Digital signal reached 45%.Digital signal reached 45%.
 30 provincial satellite networks in China.30 provincial satellite networks in China.
 This is for areas without access to cable.This is for areas without access to cable.
YY

65
China Television …China Television …
 Private TelevisionPrivate Television
 Systems are audio and visual media distribution systems that haveSystems are audio and visual media distribution systems that have
been designed or setup to be used in private facilities such as hotels,been designed or setup to be used in private facilities such as hotels,
cruise ships or college campuses.cruise ships or college campuses.
 All of the entertainment channels are privately funded.All of the entertainment channels are privately funded.
 News channels, which would fall under China Central TelevisionNews channels, which would fall under China Central Television
(CCTV), is considered public because it’s ultimately funded by the(CCTV), is considered public because it’s ultimately funded by the
government and airs propaganda related material and pro-government and airs propaganda related material and pro-
communist party of China material.communist party of China material.
YY

66 China Television …China Television …
 Top 12 Channels in China:Top 12 Channels in China:
 ChannelChannel RatingRating GenreGenre
 1. CCTV 11. CCTV 1 0.660.66
GeneralGeneral
 2. CCTV 62. CCTV 6 0.430.43
MoviesMovies
 3. CCTV 83. CCTV 8 0.370.37 TVTV
SeriesSeries
 4. CCTV 34. CCTV 3 0.340.34 Arts &Arts &
EntertainmentEntertainment
 5. Hunan Satellite TV5. Hunan Satellite TV 0.320.32 GeneralGeneral
 6. CCTV 56. CCTV 5 0.290.29 SportsSports
 7. Jiangsu Satellite TV7. Jiangsu Satellite TV 0.280.28 EntertainmentEntertainment
 8. Zhejiang Satellite TV8. Zhejiang Satellite TV 0.270.27 EntertainmentEntertainment
 9. CCTV 139. CCTV 13 0.260.26 NewsNews
 10. CCTV 410. CCTV 4 0.230.23
International Chinese NewsInternational Chinese News
YY

67 Array of China TelevisionArray of China TelevisionACCESSIBILITACCESSIBILIT
YY

68 China Internet AccessibilityChina Internet Accessibility
 Internet users: 538,000,000Internet users: 538,000,000
 Penetration: 40.1%.Penetration: 40.1%.
 Facebook users: 633,300.Facebook users: 633,300.
 60,000 Internet cafes available in China.60,000 Internet cafes available in China.
 Of Internet users 63% have home access, 41% have to use InternetOf Internet users 63% have home access, 41% have to use Internet
cafes.cafes.
 In 2010, there were 9 million domain names registered underIn 2010, there were 9 million domain names registered under
“.cn.”“.cn.”
 China surpassed the U.S. as the world’s largest broadband userChina surpassed the U.S. as the world’s largest broadband user
with more than 66.46 million residents subscribing to broadbandwith more than 66.46 million residents subscribing to broadband
services.services.
YY

69 Media Content in ChinaMedia Content in China

70 Newspaper ContentNewspaper Content
 Reference News is the most widely read newspaperReference News is the most widely read newspaper
in China, even among the Chinese that live inin China, even among the Chinese that live in
America.America.
 Most of the newspapers printed are broadsheets.Most of the newspapers printed are broadsheets.
 Could not find a hard copy sample for ReferenceCould not find a hard copy sample for Reference
News or any Chinese papers that are not printedNews or any Chinese papers that are not printed
internationally.internationally.
CONTENTCONTENT

71
Newspaper Content Proportions ExampleNewspaper Content Proportions Example
……
 Paper: People’s DailyPaper: People’s Daily
 Format: BroadsheetFormat: Broadsheet
 Not an international paper, but they have aNot an international paper, but they have a
website that’s translated in English.website that’s translated in English.
 Respectability: It’s the National Voice of theRespectability: It’s the National Voice of the
Party … draw your own conclusions.Party … draw your own conclusions.
 Distinguishing Characteristics: Headlines, likeDistinguishing Characteristics: Headlines, like
those of party dailies across the country, arethose of party dailies across the country, are
done up in a wide variety of typefaces. Oftendone up in a wide variety of typefaces. Often
compressed to the point of illegibility to fit acompressed to the point of illegibility to fit a
long declaration over two columns.long declaration over two columns.
CONTENTCONTENT

72 Newspaper Content Proportions
 Most general, broadsheet newspapers are organizedMost general, broadsheet newspapers are organized
into seven sections:into seven sections:
 Prime: Top headlinesPrime: Top headlines
 China: Domestic storiesChina: Domestic stories
 Focus: Featured storiesFocus: Featured stories
 Life: Entertainment, cultural events and soft newsLife: Entertainment, cultural events and soft news
 View: Editorials and opinionView: Editorials and opinion
 Business: Business NewsBusiness: Business News
 Sports: Sports news from around the worldSports: Sports news from around the world
CONTENTCONTENT

73 Public Radio ContentPublic Radio Content
 The amount of radio advertising broadcast time is not restricted.The amount of radio advertising broadcast time is not restricted.
 Advertising is restricted to certain products such as alcohol andAdvertising is restricted to certain products such as alcohol and
tobacco.tobacco.
CONTENTCONTENT

74
Example of Radio Program ScheduleExample of Radio Program Schedule
CONTENTCONTENT

75 Television Content
 CCTV is one of China’s main television networks.CCTV is one of China’s main television networks.
 Examples of programming:Examples of programming:
 Asia TodayAsia Today
 4:00 am, 8:00 pm Mon-Sun4:00 am, 8:00 pm Mon-Sun
 Biz ChinaBiz China
 2:00 am, 6:00 am, 11:00 am, 2:00 pm, 6:00 pm, 9:002:00 am, 6:00 am, 11:00 am, 2:00 pm, 6:00 pm, 9:00
pm Mon-Sunpm Mon-Sun
 Chinese CivilizationChinese Civilization
 3:55 am, 9:55 am, 3:55 pm Mon-Fri3:55 am, 9:55 am, 3:55 pm Mon-Fri
 3:55 am, 9:55 am Sat3:55 am, 9:55 am Sat
 http://www.cctv.com/english/tvschedule/index.shtmlhttp://www.cctv.com/english/tvschedule/index.shtml
CONTENTCONTENT

76 Television ContentTelevision Content
 Most programming is similar to the United States in that theyMost programming is similar to the United States in that they
run 30 – 60 minutes.run 30 – 60 minutes.
 The government only allows commercials at the beginning andThe government only allows commercials at the beginning and
end of programs and no more than five minutes of advertisingend of programs and no more than five minutes of advertising
per hour.per hour.
 Advertising involves longer segments with many short ads shownAdvertising involves longer segments with many short ads shown
in sequence, some as short as five seconds.in sequence, some as short as five seconds.
 Studies showed that when commercials were placed in the middle ofStudies showed that when commercials were placed in the middle of
programs, they were ineffective.programs, they were ineffective.
CONTENTCONTENT

77
Internet ContentInternet Content
 Top Chinese Websites:Top Chinese Websites:
 Internet Content ProvidersInternet Content Providers
 Sina.comSina.com
 News MediaNews Media
 People’s Daily OnlinePeople’s Daily Online
 Social NetworkingSocial Networking
 XiaoneiXiaonei
 Search EngineSearch Engine
 BaiduBaidu
 Entertainment and SportsEntertainment and Sports
 GloballinkGloballink
 China’s YouTubeChina’s YouTube
 TudouTudou
 China’s largest wiki siteChina’s largest wiki site
 HudongHudong
CONTENTCONTENT

78 Objectivity and BiasObjectivity and Bias
 News organizations in China are funded throughNews organizations in China are funded through
advertising as well as government funds. They areadvertising as well as government funds. They are
primarily influenced by what the governmentprimarily influenced by what the government
wants them to publish.wants them to publish.
 Xinhua is the state run news organization that isXinhua is the state run news organization that is
used as a propaganda tool for the country. This isused as a propaganda tool for the country. This is
headed by the Chinese Communist Party.headed by the Chinese Communist Party.
CONTENTCONTENT

79
Entertainment v. Serious ReportingEntertainment v. Serious Reporting
 CCTV produces its own news broadcast. Their media are diverse.CCTV produces its own news broadcast. Their media are diverse.
 The broadcast media in China contains diversified content.The broadcast media in China contains diversified content.
 CCTV 12 carries most of the hard news stories in China because it coversCCTV 12 carries most of the hard news stories in China because it covers
society and law, however, access to the website was denied.society and law, however, access to the website was denied.
 The Chinese media is dominated by ordinary people (daily life/culture),The Chinese media is dominated by ordinary people (daily life/culture),
scandals and celebrities.scandals and celebrities.
 News presented is typically soft news covering politicians politicalNews presented is typically soft news covering politicians political
issues (issues (http://www.nytimes.com/http://www.nytimes.com/) It is considered soft news) It is considered soft news
because it is not presented with as much detail as it would be in thebecause it is not presented with as much detail as it would be in the
U.S.U.S.
 Cctv.cntv.cn (example of various channels showing different newsCctv.cntv.cn (example of various channels showing different news
coveragecoverage
 Media regulations are quite vague. If the government disagrees or wantsMedia regulations are quite vague. If the government disagrees or wants
something kept quiet, they invite the journalists to tea.something kept quiet, they invite the journalists to tea.
 China’s media is mainly dominated by propaganda. The communist partyChina’s media is mainly dominated by propaganda. The communist party
wants the people reading, watching and listening to what the governmentwants the people reading, watching and listening to what the government
finds important.finds important.
CONTENTCONTENT

80 Entertainment v. Serious ReportingEntertainment v. Serious Reporting
 Based off Xinhua, which is “the official press agency of the People'sBased off Xinhua, which is “the official press agency of the People's
Republic of China,” Chinese news varies between hard news, sports,Republic of China,” Chinese news varies between hard news, sports,
financefinance,, culture and entertainment.culture and entertainment.
 Like an American news website, the option to choose what you wantLike an American news website, the option to choose what you want
to read about is available. It can vary between world news about theto read about is available. It can vary between world news about the
president meeting with foreign prime ministers or about celebrities,president meeting with foreign prime ministers or about celebrities,
but it must be in the best interest of government. The front pagebut it must be in the best interest of government. The front page
news does not promote entertainment.news does not promote entertainment.
 Culture media stems from art, theater, fashion, movies and lifestyle.Culture media stems from art, theater, fashion, movies and lifestyle.
The Chinese take a particular interest in American film. They alsoThe Chinese take a particular interest in American film. They also
take interest in foreign entertainment, reviewing the Oscars andtake interest in foreign entertainment, reviewing the Oscars and
anticipating celebrity babies like Prince William and Kateanticipating celebrity babies like Prince William and Kate
Middleton’s baby. But even then, these aspects of entertainment areMiddleton’s baby. But even then, these aspects of entertainment are
not feature stories, but rather side bars for people to glance at whennot feature stories, but rather side bars for people to glance at when
they’re done reading the major news.they’re done reading the major news.
CONTENTCONTENT

81 Standards of Depth v. BrevityStandards of Depth v. Brevity
 NewspapersNewspapers
 China’s general broadsheet format newspapers contain extensive coverage,China’s general broadsheet format newspapers contain extensive coverage,
much like the United States. They will also continue news coverage of the topicmuch like the United States. They will also continue news coverage of the topic
until it is no longer an issue. For example, the H7N9 Bird Flu is stilluntil it is no longer an issue. For example, the H7N9 Bird Flu is still
spreading through China. They use a range of 2,000-3,000 characters perspreading through China. They use a range of 2,000-3,000 characters per
story.story.
 TelevisionTelevision
 When it’s government related, the stories are 1-2 minutes. Non-governmentWhen it’s government related, the stories are 1-2 minutes. Non-government
related stories are just under a minute, around 45 seconds. There are aboutrelated stories are just under a minute, around 45 seconds. There are about
5-7 major news stories per 30 minute segment.5-7 major news stories per 30 minute segment.
 InternetInternet
 Internet is relevant to newspapers. It covers hard news as well asInternet is relevant to newspapers. It covers hard news as well as
entertainment. The Internet will cover a story for as long as necessary. As farentertainment. The Internet will cover a story for as long as necessary. As far
as length of articles go, it’s hard to tell because each character is essentially anas length of articles go, it’s hard to tell because each character is essentially an
“idea” rather than a specific word.“idea” rather than a specific word.
 RadioRadio
 In 2011, 6.94 million hours of radio was produced.In 2011, 6.94 million hours of radio was produced.
CONTENTCONTENT

82
News Broadcasting Grid
CONTENTCONTENT

84
CHINESE MEDIA
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS

85
Import/Export Philosophy
 China’s import/export philosophy can be defined as worldcentric for:China’s import/export philosophy can be defined as worldcentric for:
 TelevisionTelevision
 The most popular media format in China which imports from large surroundingThe most popular media format in China which imports from large surrounding
Asian countries (Taiwan, South Korea, and Japan) and the US and exports to theAsian countries (Taiwan, South Korea, and Japan) and the US and exports to the
countries in which most Chinese emigrate to. Also known as Chinese Diaspora.countries in which most Chinese emigrate to. Also known as Chinese Diaspora.
 Diaspora is not a term specific to China, but is a term used to explain where people emigrated to fromDiaspora is not a term specific to China, but is a term used to explain where people emigrated to from
their original country.their original country.
 RadioRadio
 It is rebroadcast online in an English format via satellite and podcast and isIt is rebroadcast online in an English format via satellite and podcast and is
imported in news formats from all over the world with the approval of the Chineseimported in news formats from all over the world with the approval of the Chinese
government.government.
 China’s import/export philosophy can be defined as ethnocentric for:China’s import/export philosophy can be defined as ethnocentric for:
 InternetInternet
 It can be accessed worldwide but cannot be easily translated. One must understandIt can be accessed worldwide but cannot be easily translated. One must understand
Chinese and its dialects. Chinese government regulates the websites which can beChinese and its dialects. Chinese government regulates the websites which can be
viewed by the Chinese people, limiting websites such as Facebook, Twitter, Yahoo,viewed by the Chinese people, limiting websites such as Facebook, Twitter, Yahoo,
etc.etc.
 PrintPrint
 There is a much larger ratio of imports over exports in print. Chinese printed mediaThere is a much larger ratio of imports over exports in print. Chinese printed media
rarely leaves the country and there are very few publishing houses because they tendrarely leaves the country and there are very few publishing houses because they tend
to export their products.to export their products.
PHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHY

87
Government/Regulatory Factors
 No written media imports or exports have specificNo written media imports or exports have specific
regulations other than that of Article 35 of theregulations other than that of Article 35 of the
Constitution; “to be in the best interest of theConstitution; “to be in the best interest of the
Motherland.” China is very protective in allowing theMotherland.” China is very protective in allowing the
world to see and interpret their media production inworld to see and interpret their media production in
all formats, which leads to minimal legal mediaall formats, which leads to minimal legal media
exports. Any media exported by China is done underexports. Any media exported by China is done under
very strict government oversight and must reflect thevery strict government oversight and must reflect the
views of the “Motherland.”views of the “Motherland.”
 Media imports - news and educational programming -Media imports - news and educational programming -
support the views of the Communist Party of Chinasupport the views of the Communist Party of China
and consist of 20% - 25% of the televisionand consist of 20% - 25% of the television
programming in China. Prime-time television isprogramming in China. Prime-time television is
beginning to catch on, but is limited to programsbeginning to catch on, but is limited to programs
which do not counteract the views of the Communistwhich do not counteract the views of the Communist
Party of China.Party of China.
REGULATIONSREGULATIONS

88
China Media Imports - Newspapers
 In terms of imported newspaper, China includes:In terms of imported newspaper, China includes:
 Straits Times –Asian and international news printed in SingaporeStraits Times –Asian and international news printed in Singapore
 Wall Street Journal Asia-published out of Hong KongWall Street Journal Asia-published out of Hong Kong
 Printed in Hong Kong, Jakarta, Manila, Singapore, Tokyo, etc.Printed in Hong Kong, Jakarta, Manila, Singapore, Tokyo, etc.
 USA Today Asia – published out of Hong KongUSA Today Asia – published out of Hong Kong
 These publications are located in news stands in which GAPPThese publications are located in news stands in which GAPP
finds appropriate. These include tourist attractions nearfinds appropriate. These include tourist attractions near
government facilities.government facilities.
 In terms of imported newspaper content, majorIn terms of imported newspaper content, major
international newspapers focus on news includinginternational newspapers focus on news including
Asian and International news; columns and editorials;Asian and International news; columns and editorials;
home sections such as entertainment and sportinghome sections such as entertainment and sporting
news; and in some publications, such as Straits Times,news; and in some publications, such as Straits Times,
special sections on weekends including science andspecial sections on weekends including science and
feature stories.feature stories.
IMPORTSIMPORTS

89 China Media Imports - NewspapersChina Media Imports - Newspapers
 When publishing international news reports, Chinese newsWhen publishing international news reports, Chinese news
publications use Bloomberg News and other routers, suchpublications use Bloomberg News and other routers, such
as the Associated Press, to report international businessas the Associated Press, to report international business
news locally.news locally.
 Bloomberg news logoBloomberg news logo
IMPORTSIMPORTS

90
China Imports - RadioChina Imports - Radio
 As previously illustrated in past sections on contentAs previously illustrated in past sections on content
and news, Chinese public radio networks and stationsand news, Chinese public radio networks and stations
are primarily focused on news and local culture. Thereare primarily focused on news and local culture. There
are music stations which highlight the popular genresare music stations which highlight the popular genres
of music such as pop, rock, classical, Top 40, etc.of music such as pop, rock, classical, Top 40, etc.
 Much of China’s imported radio shows are listened toMuch of China’s imported radio shows are listened to
as an online format.as an online format.
 China has no privately owned imported or exportedChina has no privately owned imported or exported
radio stations. All radio in China is regulated by theradio stations. All radio in China is regulated by the
government and is considered public radio. Chinagovernment and is considered public radio. China
imports cultural radio formats such as Metropolitanimports cultural radio formats such as Metropolitan
Opera Radio Broadcast (along with 40 otherOpera Radio Broadcast (along with 40 other
countries) and has a weekly series broadcastcountries) and has a weekly series broadcast
transmitted live each week from the Metropolitan.transmitted live each week from the Metropolitan.
IMPORTSIMPORTS

91
China’s Imports - TelevisionChina’s Imports - Television
 Chinese television is primarily imported from Taiwan,Chinese television is primarily imported from Taiwan,
U.S., South Korea, and Japan. Consequently these areU.S., South Korea, and Japan. Consequently these are
China’s largest countries from which they import inChina’s largest countries from which they import in
general.general.
 China’s television imports primarily consist of newsChina’s television imports primarily consist of news
and educational broadcast such as The Newsroom andand educational broadcast such as The Newsroom and
CNN. Chinese government does reserve the right toCNN. Chinese government does reserve the right to
pull any imported show at any time if it goes againstpull any imported show at any time if it goes against
the views of the Communist Party of China.the views of the Communist Party of China.
IMPORTSIMPORTS

92
China’s Imports - TelevisionChina’s Imports - Television
 20%-25% of television programming is imported from20%-25% of television programming is imported from
other countries. Prime-time programming fromother countries. Prime-time programming from
Online TV company YouKu Tudou adds more licensedOnline TV company YouKu Tudou adds more licensed
Hollywood shows, such as Glee and Survivor from theHollywood shows, such as Glee and Survivor from the
US and Operation Love, a popular drama from Korea.US and Operation Love, a popular drama from Korea.
Imported prime –time television is beginning toImported prime –time television is beginning to
become a little more of a popular format.become a little more of a popular format.
 China can import whichever genre of show they wishChina can import whichever genre of show they wish
from any country or media outlet, regardless of wherefrom any country or media outlet, regardless of where
it is from. This is done to bolster Chinese culture. Theit is from. This is done to bolster Chinese culture. The
government can also remove any programs just as theygovernment can also remove any programs just as they
did with the Korean television show Temptation of andid with the Korean television show Temptation of an
Angel from their prime-time line up because of theAngel from their prime-time line up because of the
show’s negative influence on Chinese culture.show’s negative influence on Chinese culture.
IMPORTSIMPORTS

93
China Exports - NewspaperChina Exports - Newspaper
 In accordance with the ethnocentric philosophy, theIn accordance with the ethnocentric philosophy, the
English published China Daily broadsheet, is the onlyEnglish published China Daily broadsheet, is the only
exported Chinese newspaper. This includes Chinaexported Chinese newspaper. This includes China
Business Daily, which is a segment of the paper. TheBusiness Daily, which is a segment of the paper. The
newspaper group is based in Beijing but hasnewspaper group is based in Beijing but has
international offices.international offices.
 The Americanized version of the paper is publishedThe Americanized version of the paper is published
out of their New York and London based offices and isout of their New York and London based offices and is
not a full translation of the Chinese version of thenot a full translation of the Chinese version of the
paper.paper.
 This newspaper is often used as both a teaching tool toThis newspaper is often used as both a teaching tool to
learn how to speak English and understand thelearn how to speak English and understand the
Chinese culture.Chinese culture.
 http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/
EXPORTSEXPORTS

94
China Exports - RadioChina Exports - Radio
 China only operates importation and exportation of radioChina only operates importation and exportation of radio
publicly through government funding. China exports radiopublicly through government funding. China exports radio
shows via the Internet. The most popular radio stations inshows via the Internet. The most popular radio stations in
China focus on news and government. Exports include radioChina focus on news and government. Exports include radio
stations such as:stations such as:
 China Radio InternationalChina Radio International
 Business, world news, sports, travel, entertainment news, educationalBusiness, world news, sports, travel, entertainment news, educational
broadcast (learn English & learn Chinese), and live broadcastsbroadcast (learn English & learn Chinese), and live broadcasts
 China National RadioChina National Radio
 The news based broadcasting format– not the information– isThe news based broadcasting format– not the information– is
equivalent to that of America’s NPRequivalent to that of America’s NPR
 http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=zh-http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=zh-
CN&u=http://www.cnr.cn/&prev=/search%3Fq%3DchineseCN&u=http://www.cnr.cn/&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dchinese
%2Bnational%2Bradio%26safe%3Dactive%26rlz%2Bnational%2Bradio%26safe%3Dactive%26rlz
%3D1T4ADRA_enUS457US457%3D1T4ADRA_enUS457US457
EXPORTSEXPORTS

95 China Export- RadioChina Export- Radio
 Due to the strict media, radio spillage is rare.Due to the strict media, radio spillage is rare.
 Any signals that do slip through is irrelevant since the language is notAny signals that do slip through is irrelevant since the language is not
understand by the other countries.understand by the other countries.
 There is shortwave signals that are for in country.There is shortwave signals that are for in country.
 However due to strict regulation, the signal are not accessible for outsideHowever due to strict regulation, the signal are not accessible for outside
country.country.
EXPORTSEXPORTS

96
China Exports – TelevisionChina Exports – Television
 China is known for its high emphasis on their culture and arts.China is known for its high emphasis on their culture and arts.
China primarily exports their drama and prime-timeChina primarily exports their drama and prime-time
broadcasting to emphasize their culture to surrounding Asianbroadcasting to emphasize their culture to surrounding Asian
countries and Chinese Diaspora (countries with Chinesecountries and Chinese Diaspora (countries with Chinese
emigrants).emigrants).
 Chinese drama “A beautiful Daughter-In-Law”Chinese drama “A beautiful Daughter-In-Law”
 Chinese reality TV in the workplace “Go LaLa Go”Chinese reality TV in the workplace “Go LaLa Go”
 Chinese Diaspora: U.S., Canada, Russia, India, Australia,Chinese Diaspora: U.S., Canada, Russia, India, Australia,
England, Britain, Italy, Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Africa, etc.England, Britain, Italy, Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Africa, etc.
 CCTV exports their most popular news broadcasting in foreignCCTV exports their most popular news broadcasting in foreign
languages:languages:
 CCTV Mandarin – Primary target market for Chinese DiasporaCCTV Mandarin – Primary target market for Chinese Diaspora
 CCTV EnglishCCTV English
 CCTV FrenchCCTV French
 CCTV SpanishCCTV Spanish
 CCTV ArabicCCTV Arabic
EXPORTSEXPORTS

97 China export- TelevisionChina export- Television
 Cable providers and satellite television has access to ChinaCable providers and satellite television has access to China
television signals.television signals.
 This means that an American audience can access ChineseThis means that an American audience can access Chinese
television from their hometelevision from their home
EXPORTSEXPORTS

99 Sources:
 Sources:

 Image of China Dispora: http://filipspagnoli.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/chinese-diaspora-map.jpg

 (Television Export-Import Ratio)
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101
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103 Sources
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 http://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/rsf-01302013122750.html
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 http://lbms03.cityu.edu.hk/theses/abt/phd-com-b39476108a.pdf
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107 Sources:
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 http://www.cfr.org/china/media-censorship-china/p11515#cid=soc-facebook-at-backgrounder-media_censorship_in_china-1
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108 Sources:
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 http://www.elon.edu/docs/e-web/academics/communications/research/11WeatherbeeEJSpring10.pdf
 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12102007-115829/unrestricted/XiChen1228.pdf
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china.html
 http://www.hrichina.org/sites/default/files/oldsite/pdfs/CRF.1.2004/a1_MediaControl1.2004.pdf

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