2. INTRODUCTION
What is seed?
Seed is a fertilized matured ovule together covered
with seed coat is called seed or it is a propagating material.
Seed may be defined as “Structurally a true seed is a
fertilized matured ovule, consisting of an embryonic plant,
a store of food and a protective seed coat, a store of food
consists of cotyledons and endosperm”
4. IMPORTANCE OF SEEDS
Seed bridge between the two generation of plant life.
Seed is the medium which transferring character from one
generation to next generation.
Seed is the vital and most important input for crop
production.
Seed as food, feed, medicinal, industries or ornamental
value.
5. • 1. To teach seed technology core.
• 2. Research on seed production /processing /
testing.
• 3. To strengthen the seed technology research.
• 4. To give training to those who are involved
in seed production, processing, testing, etc.
OBJECTIVES OF SEEDS TECHNOLOGY
6. GOALS OF SEED TECHNOLOGY
1. Rapid multiplication: To increase agricultural
production.
2. Timely supply: New varieties must be available
in time.
3. Assured high quality of seeds: Good vigour and
viability.
4. Reasonable price: Cost of seed must be low to
reach the average farmers.
8. TYPES OF SEEDS
Sr. No. Types of Seeds Agency
Involved
Color of Tag Size of Tag
1 Nucleus Seed Original
Breeder
- -
2 Breeder Seed Sponsored
Breeder
Golden/Yellow 12 X 6 cm
3 Foundation Seed State Farm,
SAU, Taluka
etc.
White 15 X 7.5 cm
4 Certified Seed Private Seed
Comp. Seed
Plot
Blue 15 X 7.5 cm
9. The four generally recognized classes of seeds are:-
• a) Nucleus seed: The initial hand full of seeds obtained from
selected individual plants of a particular variety, for the purpose of
purifying and maintain that variety, by originating plant breeder.
• b) Breeder's seed: Progeny of Nucleus seeds, its production is
directly controlled by the originating or the sponsoring breeder or
institution, providing for the initial and recurring increase of
foundation seed.
• b) Foundation seed: The Progeny of breeders seed handled to
maintain specific genetic purity and identity. This seed is the source
of all other certified seed classes.
• d) Certified seed: The progeny of foundation or certified seed that
is handled so as to maintain satisfactorily genetic identity and purity
and that has been approved and certified by the certifying agency.
TYPES OF SEEDS
10. Indian Agricultural Scenario
Green revolution helped India gain self sufficiency in
food production
• Agricultural production increased from 50 million tons to 227
million tons; however, growth flat over last 10 years
• Population, currently at 1.21 billion, is continuing to increase.
•Indian economy has grown steadily –7% in last 10 years; 9% in
last 3 years
•Agriculture contributes 13.9% to GDP but 60% population lives
off agriculture
•Highest area under irrigation Approximetally (37%)
11.
12. NSC- Annual Report 2011-2012
STATE SEEDS CORPORATION (SSC)
PBT-Profit Before Tax