Short answers, echo questions, question tags, ...

1. Uses of Auxiliary verbs
Nivel Avanzado C1
Ana Mena

2.  They help to form tenses, voice and mood.
 They are used to make negative sentences
and questions.
 Two groups:
1. Primary Auxiliaries: BE – HAVE – DO
2. Modal Auxiliaries: CAN – COULD – WILL –
SHOULD – MUST – MAY – MIGHT ...

3.  SHORT ANSWERS (To answer Yes/ No Questions)
A: Have you ever heard about the book
“Men are from Mars, Women from Venus”?
B: Yes, I have / No, I haven’t

4.  To avoid repetition (to avoid repeating the
main verb or verb phrase):
My sister cooks much better than I do.
Julia wouldn’t like to travel around the
world, but Peter would.

5.  Agreement / disagreement (to agree or
disagree with what someone has just said):
A: I can’t stand Mary. She is a gossip!
B: Neither can I / I can
A: I think she’s not trustworthy at all.
B: So do I / I don’t
Peter likes wearing dark colours, and so
does his sister / but his sister doesn’t.

6. 1. Write three things about yourself.
2. Talk to your classmates and find out with
whom you have more things in common
Sample conversation:
Student A: “I have never tried Chinese food”.
Student B: “I have”
Student C: “Neither have I”

7.  EMPHASIS:
 Emphatic use of DO /DID in positive
sentences:
I do enjoy spending my free time chilling
out.
 Add emphasis when contradicting what
someone else has said:
A: You forgot to tell me that you were
working till late yesterday.
B: I didn’t. I sent you a WhatsApp message.

8.  Short Questions (as responses to show surprise
or interest):
A: I wasn’t given any present at Christmas.
B: Weren’t you? I can’t believe it!
A: I spent two weeks in hospital.
B: Did you? What was wrong?

9. 1. Write three surprising facts about yourself.
Use different verb tenses.
2. Read them to your partner.
3. Respond using short questions to show
surprise and continue the conversation.
Sample conversation:
Student A: Yesterday I went to the cinema.
Student B: Did you? What film did you see?
Student A: “Aquaman”
Student B: Did you like it?

10.  Question tags:
 To check information (with rising intonation):
Your name is Peter, isn’t it?
 Ask for agreement (with falling intonation):
The film wasn’t really good, was it?

11.  A positive sentence has a negative tag, and a
negative sentence a positive one:
Your sister is a teacher, isn’t she?
You haven’t done your homework, have
you?

12.  After orders or requests:
Close the door, will you?
Don’t speak Spanish in class, will you?
 After “Let’s” to make suggestions:
Let’s play outside, shall we?
 Statements with “I am”:
I’m late, aren’t I?

13.  A: You go to the gym twice a week, don’t
you?
B: I do I don’t
 A: You can’t play the guitar, can’t you?
B: I can’t I can

14. 1. Write sentences you think are true for your
partner.
2. Check if you are write or wrong using question
tags.
3. Listen to your partner’s answers. How much do
you know about your classmate?
Sample conversation:
Student A: You live with your parents, don’t you?
Student B: You are right, I do / Sorry, you are
wrong. I don’t.