051207 Commonsense Geography Meets Web Technology

Online Community Mapping

Commonsense Geography meets
Web T h l
W b Technology:

Open GIS & W b GIS 2005 Conference
O Web C f
Dec.7, 2005 Taipei, Taiwan

Andrea Wei-Ching Huang and Tyng-Ruey Chuang
Wei- Tyng-
Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica
Taipei, Taiwan


Outline

• Introduction
• APProposed Model
dM d l
• Open Collaborative Technologies
• Open Public Access
• Conclusion

2
Huang and Chuang, 2005


housingmaps
g p

craigslist
+
=

3


“GIS can be used by the public to
solve day-to-day problems ”
day-to- problems.

Online
Community
Mapping

Not a dream to Egenhofer, M. J. and Mark, D. M (1995)?
4


What Phenomenon is sweeping the Internet ?
p g

2003~2004 Online Map Usage has increased 60% world wide
( Nielsen NetRatings, October 2004)

2004/ US Map Searching becomes top activity online in US.
(Pew Internet & American Life Project survey, Dec.2004 )

2005/ US
After Google Map release… a proliferation of
Map’s
online map websites… quot;This is like the 1990's, when
everyone was creating everything on the Web.quot; (NYTimes
October 20, 2005 )

2005/ UK Data supplied by Ordnance Survey (OS) adds an
annual value of more than £100bn to the UK
economy. (Guardian, April 7, 2005)
5


2. A Proposed Model
. p

6


We trace the emergence of specific features:
see Chuang and Huang (2005)

7


functionalize

web technology phenomenalize
integrated

theorize

8


At this point in time: we can say with confidence
that people, place, participation are emerging in
“Online Community Mapping”.

9


In th
I theory, naïve geography
ï h
stress
common-sense
geography of the world
next-generation GIS
g
theory base
allow “errors” &
“inconsistent” in data

10


3.
3. Open Collaborative
Technology
T h l

11


How to make
available user-
user-
g
generated
geospatial data to
g p
those who are
interested in it?
12


Enabling Factors in Collaborative Geospatial Mapping
g p pp g

Software tools for
collaboration & social
interaction
13


Geography Information
G h I f ti
i
Technology
y

In our experience,
Geography Markup Language (GML) and Scalable Vector
Graphics (SVG) well utilize existing open source resources

14


Taiwan Population Mapping Taipei City GML-based
(http://tsm.iis.sinica.edu.tw/) Interoperable Geo-spatial Systems

map rendering in SVG Topographical map rendering in SVG and GML
15


social software mechanisms enable
group participation and collaboration

Social Software
l

•for document creation (wiki
wiki)
•personal publishing and syndication (blog
blog)
• social bookmark for links sharing (del icio us
(del.icio.us
del
del.icio.us)
us)
• photo sharing (fliker
fliker)
• social tagging (technorati
technorati)
•resource sharing (Bi T
h i (BitTorrent)
BitTorrent)
Bi
16


a well-mixed bowl of
well- i d b l f
ll

17
wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_software


powerful tools for facilitating social
f l t l f f ilit ti i l
communication, creating and
maintaining online communities
i t i i li iti

open, simple and freely editability
p , p y y
18


Mechanism Design in Blogging Software

1. Permalink: makes cross referencing and
Permalink:
discourse easier
2. Trackback: automates cross blog referencing;
Trackback:
converse and keeps correspondence explicit
and persistent.
3. RSS and Atom, enables easy syndication
Atom,
and aggregation of blog content.

19


who are combing social software
to geo-place
geo-
Examples of (geo + blog) / (geo +wiki), see Chuang and Huang (2005)

20


geo-spatial data

complex
p

sophisticated set of tools
21


4.
4 Open Public Access

demand for
access to a
IT + Web variety of geo
data

have not kept pace
with d
ith developments
l t

data dissemination and licensing frameworks
g

22


The major barriers and impediments to
achieve collaborative geospatial mapping
will not be technical but rather

organisational
and
d
i tit ti
institutional.
l

23


Public Information

24


Innovative Information Services

25


Public Participation

online games, online auctions, e-f
li li ti e-forums,
newsletters, BBS and blog communities.
26


Public Li
P bli Licensing
i

27


most major mapping agencies copyright
their geodata, except for the US,CAN,
Brazil, AUS,
Brazil AUS and NZ

28


•t l for empowerment of
tool f t f
citizens
•sale data significant revenue
•restricted = diminishing
activities in education and
research •the user- pay model

•revenue from advertisements •fears of intellectual
property leakage
•may contradict •knowledge economy
k l d
government’s
government’s roles

29


Choices of Public License for Geospatial
p
Information are in Hand

•GNU General Public License (for
source code)
•GNU Free Documentation License
for documentation
•Creative Commons Licenses (for
general creative work

30


Examples

31


32


create freely usable geographic data and
products at local scales

33


34


UK based OpenStreetMap.org project adapts the GNU
GPL for its software development and Creative
Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 license for those
collaborative content creation.

35


Our perspectives
• Online, open, and collaborative exploration of
domain spaces is one of the most successful web
paradigms
paradigms.
• We advocate more flexible licensing models.
• Geo spatial dataset release should be in source
Geo-spatial
forms.
• and should be accompanied by the necessary data
models (i.e., schema), metadata and catalog
descriptions, data format definitions, and source
p
code of the related software tools.

36


5. Conclusion
5 C l i

37


GeoReport (November, 2005)
asked:

• Is it’s important to be able to add multiple
data layers when using an online viewer
d t l h i li i
( such as Google Map/Earth, Yahoo Maps
or Microsoft Virtual Earth)?

38


95 % says
it is important to be able to
add their own data.
dd th i data.
d t

39


The availability and validity of data will
be enriched and corrected by the one
who own the body of knowledge about
their surrounding geographical world.
world.

40


Enabling Factors in Collaborative Geo spatial Mapping
Geo-spatial
The k
Th key underlying here is
d l i h i

Software tools for
collaboration &
social interaction 41


42

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