Main concerns about Android fragmentation and what is happening in consequence (by Victor Arroyo)

1. Presenter: Victor Arroyo (victor.arroyo@gmail.com)
© Victor Arroyo 2011

2. Android Fragmentation
A valid concern?
© Victor Arroyo 2011

3. Ecosystem
© Victor Arroyo 2011

4. 47 Market sectors, 800+ companies
Source: Mobile Atlas 2010 © Victor Arroyo 2011

5. Developers
Platforms
Users
Manufacturers
Other Carriers
Mobile development ecosystem
Source: Messerschmitt and Clemens. Software Ecosystem: Understanding an Indispensable Technology and Industry © Victor Arroyo 2011

6. World telecom services market
1,500 b$
1,125 b$
Mobile data/Internet
Mobile Services
750 b$ Fixed Telephony/Internet
375 b$
0 b$
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Growing ecosystem
Source: iDate Consulting & Research © Victor Arroyo 2011

7. ARTICSTARTUP
Social Networking
Mobile
ConnectedDay -communities for daycare centers
Blyk -free mobile phone network
ENCA -Coin collecting social network
HappyWakeUp -Smart alarm clock on mobile phone
Muxlim -Muslim Online Community
JoikuSpot -Turns your phone to a mobile WLAN HotSpot
Petsie -Social Networking for pets
Kuneri -Mobile software based on Flash Lite
Xiha Life -Multilingual social network
Senseg -Touch interface technology
White Vector -Social media monitoring
Whatamap -Mobilize your maps
Crowdsrourcing
Personal tools
Wreck A Movie -The future of film
NewsToScreen -News and ads delivered via a screensaver
Creating and sharing media
One did it -Test your consumption of natural resources
Comex.com -Create & share funny picture messages in web or using your
Scred -Community-oriented cost balancing tool
mobile phone
SoftColor -Online image processing
Floobs -Build you own online tv-channel
WOT -Free web security browser add-on
Innofile -Online file transfer service
Business tools
Mahshelf -YouTube for comics/books
Lumo Flow -Social Workspaces
Moogo -Easy creation of web sites. By Ideakone
Numcore -Online monitoring and controlling instruments for the process
MySites -Online desktop for multimedia
industry
E-commmerce
Oindex -Public listing of web sites’ analytics data
Fruugo -Trusted 3rd party of E-Business
Rate Cards -Helps online and print publishers and advertisers find each other
Leads House -Sales leads community
Development services
MyCashFlow -Easy to use web shop software
HammerKit -Web-based development platform
Norfello -E-invoicing (laskulle.fi) and web-based sending of letters
nCore -Embedded localisation and user interface products
(postita.fi)
VerticeTree -Innovative platforms and applications for the internet and mobile
Timalaya -Social shopping space. By Gemilo
devices
Gaming
Zipipop -Develops web-based services for making everyday life easier.
Apprix -Edugaming
Social recommendation services
CMAX.gg -Online Game Server Exchange
Eat.fi -Find and rate open restaurants near you
EveryPlay -Stealth social Gaming startup
RunToShop -Social recommendation service
HappyWise -Educational and serious games
These Are My Brands -In stealth. By Kisko Labs
Ironstar Helsinki -Developer of cross-platform social games, such as MoiPal
Social Networking, Travel
Mobile Advertising Solutions, MAS -Advertising on mobile games
Dopplr – Share your business travel plans
Tweehouse – social gaming solutions for large brands
Tripsay -Travel information organizer
Successful telecom startups in Finland
Source: FORA Research Institute © Victor Arroyo 2011

8. Bu
ym
no
w! e
8 © Victor Arroyo 2011

9. Fragmentation
9 © Victor Arroyo 2011

10. “We’re working o
n Questions, an
Questions for the d it’s like OK. S
web, then we buil o we build
then we build the d the “m” site for
Touch HTML5 ve Questions,
build the iPhone rsion of questions
version of Questi . Then we
version, and the ons, and then th
n maybe.. (Elliot e Android
iPad stuff. And th Schrage: iPad…)
en we don’t work Right, the
bunch of people on a RIM version
are pissed becau and then a
phone. se it’s not availa
ble on their
It’s kind of a dis
aster right now.
that this stuff goe I really hope that
s in is one where the direction
there’s more of a
standard”
nch of
announced the lau
Mark Zuckerberg
, Facebook CEO
mmission has
“The European Co obile software an
d services,
r words M and Open
Mosquito, in othe perability, Testing,
uality, Intero a better
Standardization, Q process to “develop
uro research
S ource, a 700,000 E nsequences of mob
ile app
issues and co ave
un derstanding of the can h e
t we hav
fragm entation.” pean Commission,
2010 m tha
drea hat we will in a
Euro n’t
we do ossible t up
m, even ’s p lly d o wind resent,
nw e drea ou know, it ay you rea t, we’re p n
“An d whe e share. Y on. Let’s s ‘s presen has sixtee
typ ntati LiMo ybody e app, you
the PC ore fragme ’s present, nt and ever mobil
e e
even
m
here Googl pple’s pres g to write a enough”.
n
w orld w s present, A e never goi pe it’s good r, Micr
osoft C
EO
ian’ u’r ho
Symb share… Yo rowser and Steve
Ballme
t b
percen write for the
t
will jus
Comments from “the big ones”
10 © Victor Arroyo 2011

11. the History of
Mobile Application
development
“From ringtones to platforms”
How did this all started?
© Victor Arroyo 2011

12. Mobile user before 1983
© Victor Arroyo 2011

13. 1983 - Motorola DynaTAC 8000x
Source: Wikipedia © Victor Arroyo 2011

14. 1993 - Connections: AT&T’s Vision of the Future
© Victor Arroyo 2011

15. 1997 - Wireless Access Protocol
© Victor Arroyo 2011

16. 1997 - Wireless Access Protocol
© Victor Arroyo 2011

17. 1997 - Wireless Access Protocol
© Victor Arroyo 2011

18. Moore’s law: customization era
© Victor Arroyo 2011

19. Windows Mobile Palm 3rd party developers
New players: Concept of SDK
© Victor Arroyo 2011

20. API, SDK and OS to 3rd party developers
© Victor Arroyo 2011

21. We want to participate...
Market segments
Active users
Twitter gurus
Number of activation
s
Industry trends
Quarter results nt
Strategic manageme
t share
Marke
ogs
Consultants and bl
...but it is hard to make a selection
© Victor Arroyo 2011

22. U.V.D
User Voting Device
© Victor Arroyo 2011

23. U.V.D
User Voting Device
© Victor Arroyo 2011

24. Active users
Market segments
=
Twitter gurus
Industry trends
Number of activations
Market share
Quarter results
Consultants and blogs
Strategic management
Target: Maximize the number of potential users
© Victor Arroyo 2011

25. 160 million devices available
Source: Canalsys © Victor Arroyo 2011

26. 2.5 million devices available
Source: Canalsys © Victor Arroyo 2011

27. 100 million devices available
Source: Canalsys © Victor Arroyo 2011

28. 100+ devices run Android
Source: Android Developers © Victor Arroyo 2011

29. however...
© Victor Arroyo 2011

30. Acer Inc beTouch E110 1.5 2.8", 240x320 (QVGA, portrait mode)
VS740 Ally,
Acer Inc Liquid A1 (S100) 1.6 3.5", 480x800 (WGA, portrait mode) LG Group Aloha 2.1 3.2", 480x800 (WVGA, portrait mode),
Acer Inc Liquid E 2.1 3.5", 480x800 (WGA, portrait mode) LG Group KU9500 Optimus Z 2.1 3.5", 480x800 (WVGA, portrait mode), AMOLED
Acer Inc Liquid E Ferrari 2.1 3.5", 480x800 (WGA, portrait mode) Meizu Meizu M9 2.2 3.5", 640x960 326dpi
Acer Inc Liquid Stream S110 2.1 with update to 2.2 3.7 inch AMOLED WVGA Motorola Charm 2.1 2.8", 240x320 (QVGA, portrait mod
Alcatel Quench,
(TCL Corporation) OT-980 2.1 2.8", 240x320 (QVGA, portrait mode) CLIQ XT,
Bluelans Communication Sciphone N19 1.5 2.8", 240x320 (QVGA, portrait mode) Motorola Motorola MB501 1.5
Bluelans Communication SciPhone N21 1.6 3", 240x400 (WQVGA, portrait mode) 2.0-2.2[51]
Motorola Milestone 3.7", 480x854 (FWVGA, portrait mode),
Cherry Mobile Magnum HD 2.2 4.1" (WVGA, 480x800)
Motorola Droid X 2.2 4.3", 480x854 (FWVGA, portrait mode),
Cherry Mobile Nova 2.1 3.2"
Droid 2,
CSL CSL Spice[15] 1.6 3.2", 240x640 (HVGA, portrait mode), capacitive touchscreen Motorola Milestone 2[52] 2.2 3.7", 480x854 (FWVGA, portrait mo
Dell Mini 3, Motorola Droid Pro 5 megapixel auto-focus camera, 3.1-inch display, 1 GHz processor—and a dual-
2.2
Dell Mini 3i 1.5 3.5", 360x640 (nHD, portrait mode)
Motorola Motorola i1 1.5 3.1", 240x320 (QVGA, portrait mod
Garmin Garminfone 1.6 3.5", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode)
Backflip,
GeeksPhone GeeksPhone One 1.6 3.2", 320×240 (WQVGA) Motorola 1.5 (2.1 released Nov 9 2010 as a download to computer - at&t only - no Over-The_Air yet)
Motorola MB300
General Mobile General Mobile DSTL1 Imaginary 1.6
Backflip,
Highscreen PP5420 Motorola Motorola ME600 1.5 with Motoblur
HKC HKC Pearl Motorola Devour 1.6 with Motoblur
HKC HKC Imobile v413 Motorola Milestone XT701 2.1
HTC Corporation HTC Aria 2.1 with HTC Sense UI 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode) Motorola MOTO MT710 OPhone OS 1.5
HTC Corporation HTC Desire 2.1/2.2 with HTC Sense UI 3.7", 480x800 (WGA, portrait mode) Motorola XT720, Motoroi 2.1
HTC Dream, Motorola XT800 2
T-Mobile G1,
CLIQ,
HTC Corporation Era G1 1.0 through 2.1 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode)
Motorola DEXT 1.5 with Motoblur (2.1 in the US)3.1", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mod
HTC Hero, Motorola Motorola Defy 2.1 3.7" 480 x 854
HTC Droid Eris,
Motorola Motorola Flipout 2.1 2.8" 320 x 240
HTC Corporation T-Mobile G2 Touch 1.5, 2.1 with HTC Sense UI 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode)
HTC Corporation Droid Incredible 2.1-2.2 with HTC Sense UI 480x800 (WGA, portrait mode), AMOLED or SLCD
3.7", A980,
Nexian Journey 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mod
HTC Corporation HTC Legend 2.1-2.2 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode), AMOLED
Pantech Sky Sirius 2.1 (upgradable to 2.2) 3.7", 480x800 (WVGA, portrait mod
2.x
HTC Magic, Pantech Sky Izar 2.1 3.7", 480x800 (WVGA, portrait mod
HTC Sapphire, Pantech Sky Vega 2.1 (upgradable to 2.2)3.7", 480x800 (WVGA AMOLED, portrait
T-Mobile myTouch 3G,
HTC Corporation docomo HT-03A 1.5-1.6 2.2.1 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode) Pantech Sky Mirach 2.2 3.5", 480x800 (WVGA, portrait mod
Pantech Sky VegaXpress 2.2 4.0", 480x800 (WVGA, portrait mod
HTC Corporation HTC Tattoo 1.6[34] 2.8", 240x320 (QVGA, portrait mode)
Qigi i6
HTC Corporation HTC Evo 4G 2.2 with HTC Sense UI 4.3", 480x800 (WGA, portrait mode), 217ppi
Samsung Group Behold II 1.6 with Touchwiz 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode), AM
HTC Corporation Google Nexus One 02/02/01 3.7", 480x800 (WGA, portrait mode), 252ppi
Samsung Group i7500 Galaxy 1.6 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode), AM
Desire HD,
Samsung Group M900 Moment 1.5, 2.1
HTC Corporation T-Mobile myTouch 4G 2.2 with Sense 2 4.3", 480x800 (WVGA, portrait mode), 252ppi
240 x 320 px (QVGA), 2.8
Desire Z,
Samsung Group i5500 2.1 Touch Screen Capacitive
HTC Corporation T-Mobile G2 2.2 3.7" SuperLCD 800x480 WVGA
HTC Corporation myTouch 3G Slide 2.1 with HTC Espresso Sense UI 3.4", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode) Samsung Group i5700 Spica[74] 1.6, 2.1[75] 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode), 1
HTC Corporation HTC Wildfire 2.1/2.2 with HTC Sense UI 3.2", 240x320 (QVGA, portrait mode) Samsung Group i5800 Teos 2.1 3.2" TFT, 240x400 (WQVGA, portrait m
T-Mobile Pulse, Samsung Group Galaxy A 2.1 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mod
U8220
Huawei CHT8000 1.5 (2.1 beta)[40] i9000 Galaxy S,
AT&T Captivate,
Huawei U8230 1.5 T-Mobile Vibrant,
Huawei Ascend 2.1 3.5" HVGA capacitive touchscreen Verizon Fascinate,
i-Mobile 5800 3G 3.2", 480x800 (WQVGA, portrait mode), TFT Samsung Group Sprint Epic 4G 2.1 with Touchwiz 3.0, 2.2 with update. (WVGA, portrait mode), Supe
4.0", 480x800
i-Mobile 6010 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode), TFT Samsung Group Google Nexus S 2.3 4.0" SuperAMOLED [82]
i-Mobile i810 1.6 (upgradable to 2.1) 3.2", 480x800 (WVGA, portrait mode), TFT Samsung Group Samsung Acclaim 2.1 3.2", HVGA 320x480
i-Mobile i858 2.1 4.3", 480x800 (WVGA, portrait mode), TFT
M910 Intercept,
Kogan Technologies Agora standard/Pro 1 2.5", 240x320 (QVGA, portrait mode), 160ppi
Samsung Group Samsung Moment II 2.1 3.0" TFT, 240x400 (WQVGA, portrait m
Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 Mini 1.6/2.1 2.55" 16M-color 240x320(QVGA) TFT capacitiv
3.5" WVGA, Sony Ericsson Sony Ericsson Xperia Arc 2.3 4.2" Capacitive Touchscreen, 480X854
Kyocera/Sanyo Zio SCP-8600/M6000 1.6 (user-upgradeable to 2.1 *) 480x800 capacitive touchscreen
100+ devices run Android
Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 Mini Pro 1.6/2.1 2.55" Capacitive Touchscreen, 240X320 (Q
Lenovo OPhone
Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 1.6/2.1 4.0", 480x854 (FWVGA, portrait mode)
Lenovo LePhone AMOLED Touchscreen 3.7 inches (94 mm) WVGA (800x480)Touchscreen Type: Capacitive
2.1
Sony Ericsson Xperia X8 1.6/2.1 3.0" Touchscreen, 320X480
GW620 Eve, Vibo A688 1.6 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode),
LG Group GW620 Linkme 1.5
GT540 Optimus, 8cms (3.2") Multi-touch TFT
LG Group GT540 Swift 1.6, upgradable to 2.1 Capacitive screen
LG Group KH5200 Andro-1 1.6 3.0", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode), LCD 480x320 pixel screen with 262K
Videocon V7500 2.1 Colour
LG Group LS670 Optimus S 2.2 3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode), TFT LCD
Huawei Joy 71mm2.1
(2.8") resistive touchscreen, 240x320 resolution, 24
Source: Wikipedia
LG Group
LG Group
LU2300 Optimus Q
P509 Optimus T
1.6
2.2
3.5", 480x800 (WVGA, portrait mode), LCD
3.2", 320x480 (HVGA, portrait mode), TFT LCD
ZTE Blade 2.1 3.5" 480x800 (WVGA) Arroyomultitouch O
© Victor capacitive 2011

31. Devices entering the Android Market
0.8%
3.9%
6.3%
Android 1.5 (API Level 3)
Android 1.6 (API Level 4)
Android 2.1 (API Level 7)
31.4% Android 2.2 (API Level 8)
Android 2.3 (API Level 9)
57.6%
Concurrent versions of Android
Source: Android Developers, February 2011 © Victor Arroyo 2011

32. InMarket
Several Android markets
© Victor Arroyo 2011

33. “Android is growing, but it’s also growing
complexity at the same time. Device
fragmentation not the issue, but rather
the fragmentation of the ecosystem”
Peter Vesterbacka, developer
Fragmentation effect: Game performance
Source: http://www.angrybirdsworld.com/2010/12/30/angry-birds-exec-calls-android-too-complex/ © Victor Arroyo 2011

34. “We live to get Netflix on new devices, so
the current lack of an Android-generic
approach to quickly get to all Android
devices is frustrating”
Greg Peters, product developer
Fragmentation effect: Slow platform support
Source: http://blog.netflix.com/2010/11/netflix-on-android.html © Victor Arroyo 2011

35. Web traffic per device (Android only)
4% 3% Other
4%
4% Droid
28% Sprint HTC Evo
4%
Droid X
5% HTC Incredible
Samsung Vibrant
7% Droid 2
HTC Ally
10% T-Mobile MyTouch 3G
19% HTC Droid Eris
12% HTC Hero
Fragmentation effect: Web designer
Source: Android Developers © Victor Arroyo 2011

36. Effort per skill in a single project
24% 22%
Other
Translation
Admin
8% Marketing
Graphic Design
11%
Writing
9% Software development
15% 11%
Custom solutions: Impact on the project cost
Source: donanza © Victor Arroyo 2011

37. Lack of standards. Capacity to move fast, world
Industry economical situation. Local alliances.
Processor power, screen size and performance,
HW operating system version, memory size,
keyboard type, and button placement.
Device makers and carriers introducing
SW customizations and interfering with user
experience. Concurrent versions of the OS.
Fragmentation at different levels
© Victor Arroyo 2011

38. HW Configurations UI Customizations Carrier variants
Example from the past: Windows mobile 6
© Victor Arroyo 2011

39. Is Android fragmentation a valid concern?
How does Android ecosystem
fragmentation affect on small/medium
entrepreneurs?
How those new degrees of complexity
affect the users?
How is Android’s CCD(*) helping this?
We see Google taking the initiative to
avoid the platform fragmentation. But
what about the ecosystem?
(*) http://source.android.com/compatibility/overview.html © Victor Arroyo 2011

40. www.mindfitconsulting.com
hir ing!
is
Contacts and future enquiries:
Kari Härkönen, CEO: Kari@mindfitconsulting.com
Minna Aspnäs, HR Analyst (Helsinki Area): Minna@mindfitconsulting.com
Maarika Hienonen, HR Analyst (Oulu Area): Maarika@mindfitconsulting.com
Commens on the presentation:
Victor Arroyo, Consultant: Victor.Arroyo@gmail.com
© Victor Arroyo 2011