1. Mediastinum:
It is the partition between the two pleural cavities and lungs. It includes a large number of structures
It is subdivided into:
-Superior mediastinum
-Inferior mediustinum : anterior, middle and posterior
Superior mediastinum:
Esophagus
Trachea
Arch of Aorta Sternal angle
Big branches of Aortic arch angle
Brachiocephalic ( innominate) veins Lower border
Upper half os superior vena cava of T4
Phrenic nerves
Vagi nerves
Middle mediastinum:
Pericardium
Heart
Pulmonary trunk
Ascending Aorta
Lower half of SVC
Upper part of IVC
Bifurcation of trachea
Posterior mediastinum:
Esophagus
Descending thoracic Aorta
Azygos and hemiazygos veins
vagi

2. Esophagus:
-Length
-begins Esophagus
-Ends
-Site and relations
Trachea
- Blood supply
Lt Vagus
Rt Vagus
Trachea:
-Length
-begins
-Ends
-Site of trachea and bifurcation)
-Relation
-Main bronchi
. length
. width
. orientation
. divisions

3. Lt common carotid artery
Brachicephalic artery
Aorta:
1- Ascending Aorta: Lt subclavian artery
Origin, end, branches
2- Arch of aorta:
Origin, end, branches
3- descending thoracic Aorta:
Origin, end, branches
Paired Single
Post intercostals pericardial
Subcostal mediastinal
Phrenic esophageal
Broncheal

4. Brachiocephalic veins: Azygos and hemiazygos veins:
Comparison between right and left veins: -Begin at the abdomen.
-Begin by union of….. -end at……
-length -Tributaries:
-end at …. by forming….. 1- Posterior intercostal
-Tributaries: one of them is internal thoracic vein 2- Bronchial
3- Pericardial
Superior vena cava : 4- Esophageal
-Begin by union of….. At level of….right 1st costal cartilage 5- Mediastinal
-length Lt Internal jugular Lt Internal jugular
-end at right 3rd costal cartilage by joining the heart
-Tributaries: vena azygos at right 2nd costal cartilage Lt subclavian
Lt subclavian
Lt subclavian
Rt Brachiocephalic. Lt Brachiocephalic
Phrenic nerve
SVC
Vena azygos

5. :Inferior vena cava
-Origin
- End
:Pulmonary Trunk
-Origin
-Divisions
-Relations

6. Mediastinum:
It is the partition between the two pleural cavities and lungs. It includes a large number of structures
It is subdivided into:
-Superior mediastinum
-Inferior mediustinum : anterior, middle and posterior
Superior mediastinum:
Esophagus
Trachea
Arch of Aorta
Big branches of Aortic arch
Brachiocephalic veins
Upper half of superior vena cava
Phrenic nerves
Vagi nerves
Lower border
Sternal angle
of T4
Middle mediastinum:
Pericardium
Heart
Pulmonary trunk
Ascending Aorta Esophagus
Lower half of SVC
Upper part of IVC
Bifurcation of trachea
Descending
Posterior mediastinum: Thoracic
Esophagus Aorta
Descending thoracic Aorta
Azygos and hemiazygos veins
vagi

7. Mediastinum:
It is the partition between the two pleural cavities and lungs. It includes a large number of structures
It is subdivided into:
-Superior mediastinum
-Inferior mediustinum : anterior, middle and posterior
Superior mediastinum:
Esophagus
Trachea
Arch of Aorta
Big branches of Aortic arch
Brachiocephalic veins
Upper half of superior vena cava
Phrenic nerves
Vagi nerves
Lower border
Sternal angle
of T4
Middle mediastinum:
Pericardium
Heart
Pulmonary trunk
Ascending Aorta Esophagus
Lower half of SVC
Upper part of IVC
Bifurcation of trachea
Descending
Posterior mediastinum: Thoracic
Esophagus Aorta
Descending thoracic Aorta
Azygos and hemiazygos veins
vagi