7. How do you define plagiarism?
Using someone’s ideas or expression of those ideas
(words, pictures, music, etc)
Without giving proper credit
8. An interesting side story
A quote attributed to Martin Luther King Jr. went
viral after the death of Osama bin Laden
But part of it was never said or written by him
http://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2011/
05/anatomy-of-a-fake-quotation/238257/
What’s the big deal?
9. It’s out there, why not reuse it?
www.msnbc.msn.com/id/32657885
Gabriel, T. (2010, August 1) Plagiarism Lines Blur
Image by Duane Hoffmann
for Students in the Digital Age. The New York
Times. Retrieved from
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/02/education
/02cheat.html
“If you are not so worried about presenting yourself as absolutely unique, then
it’s O.K.
…if you say other people’s words, it’s O.K. if you say things you don’t believe,
…it’s O.K. if you write papers you couldn’t care less about because they
accomplish the task, which is turning something in and getting a grade
… and it’s O.K. if you put words out there without getting any credit.”
~Susan D. Blum anthropologist at The University of Notre Dame, author of “My Word!:
Plagiarism and College Culture” on student attitudes toward plagiarism
10. It’s out there, why not reuse it?
Discussion on the article:
• Your thoughts on plagiarism
• Why don’t some people seem to think it’s bad to copy?
• Why do people who know it’s wrong still do it?
• Does downloading music count?
• Is their plagiarism in math?
11. Why does it matter?
Newitz, A. (2012, January 16) “You are bitching
about the wrong things when you read an article
about science.” i09 blog. Retrieved from
http://io9.com/5873948/you-are-bitching-about-
the-wrong-things-when-you-read-an-article-
about-science
“Science is designed to challenge our common sense assumptions
about the world because they are often wrong.
Sometimes, however, common sense turns out to be right. Which is
why occasionally science seems to prove the obvious. But that's not
science being useless - it's science doing what it does best, which is
applying rigor and rationality to anecdote and dogma.”
12. Why does it matter?
Discussion on the article
• Why is it important to attribute information to a source?
• Why is anecdotal information still so compelling?
• What does this have to do with you? In real life? In
school?
13. Common Knowledge Quandary
“I’ve heard that common knowledge doesn’t have to
be cited. What is common knowledge?”
Some examples:
Waste not, want not.
George Washington was the first president of the US
College students like pizza…
When in doubt, cite it.
14. The point is…
No matter where you are, you will constantly need to
assess the information around you
In order to be an informed consumer you should
know how to evaluate the information you acquire
In order to support your own arguments you should
know how to research your question and cite your
sources
15. A more serious example
The German Defense Minister resigned and his PhD
was taken away because it was found that his thesis
was plagiarized
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-
12608083
16. What is the policy at Towson?
Policy for Academic Integrity:
http://www.towson.edu/studentaffairs/policies/academicinte
grity.asp
Two Strike System
100 reported cases a year
One suspension a year
18. Why is it important to cite your Sources?
Allows your readers to verify and identify your
information
Support your argument
Gives credit to the owners of the ideas
Not plagiarizing
Get credit for your ideas!
Required for your assignment!
20. What needs to be cited?
Books
Web Pages Examples: images
from
Magazine articles Web, statistical
Graphics tables
VHS,DVD, audio, etc.
Government reports
Statistics
Encyclopedia articles
Any source of information!
21. Example A
Original: Student:
Don't look for one of these tech Google's approach may win out
heavyweights to knock out the over the long term. In the early
other. Yet if history is any 1980s Apple lost its lead in the PC
guide, Google's approach may win market as Microsoft enlisted the
out over the long term. Recall that aid of hordes of software
in the early 1980s Apple lost its developers and dozens of PC
lead in the PC market when manufacturers.
Microsoft enlisted the aid of
hordes of software developers
and dozens of PC manufacturers.
Now, if Google can marshal such a
united front, Apple could again be
swamped by the collective
innovations.
22. Example A
Original: Student:
Don't look for one of these tech Google's approach may win out
heavyweights to knock out the over the long term. In the early
other. Yet if history is any 1980s Apple lost its lead in the PC
guide, Google's approach may win market as Microsoft enlisted the
out over the long term. Recall that aid of hordes of software
in the early 1980s Apple lost its developers and dozens of PC
lead in the PC market when manufacturers.
Microsoft enlisted the aid of
hordes of software developers
and dozens of PC manufacturers.
Now, if Google can marshal such a
united front, Apple could again be
swamped by the collective
innovations.
23. Example B
Original: Student:
Don't look for one of these tech History tells us that Google's
heavyweights to knock out the approach may be successful over
other. Yet if history is any the long term. In the early 1980s
guide, Google's approach may win Apple lagged in the PC market as
out over the long term. Recall that Microsoft collaborated with
in the early 1980s Apple lost its software developers and dozens
lead in the PC market when of PC manufacturers. Now, if
Microsoft enlisted the aid of Google would only summon a
hordes of software developers united front, Apple could again be
and dozens of PC manufacturers. swamped by the collective
Now, if Google can marshal such a innovations (Burrows, 2009).
united front, Apple could again be
swamped by the collective
innovations.
24. Example B
Original: Student:
Don't look for one of these tech History tells us that Google's
heavyweights to knock out the approach may be successful over
other. Yet if history is any the long term. In the early 1980s
guide, Google's approach may win Apple lagged in the PC market as
out over the long term. Recall that Microsoft collaborated with
in the early 1980s Apple lost its software developers and dozens
lead in the PC market when of PC manufacturers. Now, if
Microsoft enlisted the aid of Google would only summon a
hordes of software developers united front, Apple could again be
and dozens of PC manufacturers. swamped by the collective
Now, if Google can marshal such a innovations (Burrows, 2009).
united front, Apple could again be
swamped by the collective
innovations.
25. Example C
Original: Student:
Don't look for one of these tech Google stands a chance of beating
heavyweights to knock out the Apple if it can benefit from the
other. Yet if history is any pooled ideas of software
guide, Google's approach may win developers and device
out over the long term. Recall that manufacturers, following the
in the early 1980s Apple lost its strategy that Microsoft employed
lead in the PC market when to Apple’s detriment in the early
Microsoft enlisted the aid of ‘80s.
hordes of software developers
and dozens of PC manufacturers.
Now, if Google can marshal such a
united front, Apple could again be
swamped by the collective
innovations.
26. Example C
Original: Student:
Don't look for one of these tech Google stands a chance of beating
heavyweights to knock out the Apple if it can benefit from the
other. Yet if history is any pooled ideas of software
guide, Google's approach may win developers and device
out over the long term. Recall that manufacturers, following the
in the early 1980s Apple lost its strategy that Microsoft employed
lead in the PC market when to Apple’s detriment in the early
Microsoft enlisted the aid of ‘80s.
hordes of software developers
and dozens of PC manufacturers.
Now, if Google can marshal such a
united front, Apple could again be
swamped by the collective
innovations.
27. Example D
Original: Student:
Don't look for one of these tech Burrows suggests that in the
heavyweights to knock out the battle of the “tech heavyweights”
other. Yet if history is any Google might eventually prevail
guide, Google's approach may win over Apple if it follows the
out over the long term. Recall that strategy that Microsoft employed
in the early 1980s Apple lost its to Apple’s detriment during the
lead in the PC market when early ‘80s: collaborating, and
Microsoft enlisted the aid of innovating, with software
hordes of software developers developers and manufacturers
and dozens of PC manufacturers. (2009, p. 25).
Now, if Google can marshal such a
united front, Apple could again be
swamped by the collective
innovations.
28. Example D
Original: Student:
Don't look for one of these tech Burrows suggests that in the
heavyweights to knock out the battle of the “tech heavyweights”
other. Yet if history is any Google might eventually prevail
guide, Google's approach may win over Apple if it follows the
out over the long term. Recall that strategy that Microsoft employed
in the early 1980s Apple lost its to Apple’s detriment during the
lead in the PC market when early ‘80s: collaborating, and
Microsoft enlisted the aid of innovating, with software
hordes of software developers developers and manufacturers
and dozens of PC manufacturers. (2009, p. 25).
Now, if Google can marshal such a
united front, Apple could again be
swamped by the collective
innovations.
29. Style Manuals
Different disciplines use different
style manuals
Social Sciences = American Psychological
Association (APA)
Humanities = MLA Handbook for Writers
of Research Papers (MLA)
30. Resources for APA
Library webpage
Under Quick Tools Click Citing Sources
Diane Hacker
OWL
31. Questions?
Feel free to contact me:
Laksamee Putnam
lputnam@towson.edu
410.704.3746.
Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU
Or any reference librarian:
Visit Cook Library Reference Desk
410.704.2462.
IM – tucookchat
Notas del editor
There is so much information out there. You can find anything on the internet and it’s not attributed to anyone.Ask the students to first write down then discuss their thoughts on the quote and plagiarism. Why don’t people seem to think it’s that bad to copy someone? What about downloading music? How does this relate to math?
There is so much information out there. You can find anything on the internet and it’s not attributed to anyone.Ask the students to first write down then discuss their thoughts on the quote and plagiarism. Why don’t people seem to think it’s that bad to copy someone? What about downloading music? How does this relate to math?
There is so much information out there. You can find anything on the internet and it’s not attributed to anyone.Ask the students to first write down then discuss their thoughts on the quote and plagiarism. Why don’t people seem to think it’s that bad to copy someone? What about downloading music? How does this relate to math?
Not only is this a topic that is discussed in the “real world” but it is also an important issue on campus.Emphasizing the professor’s approach to plagiarism, while also pointing out that this is of concern to the entire TU/academic community.We now have a system where if a student is sanctioned for plagiarism by a professor, that is not the end of the matter. The professor can report the student centrally. If there is a “strike 2” the student has to go before Judicial Affairs and face further consequences: the student may be suspended from TU.Bob Giordani: 100 cases a year reported. (Imagine how many go unreported!)1-3 repeat offenders a year. These go to Judicial Affairs for penalties up to and including suspension from TU.There has been about one suspension each year.
Also just helps you stay organized
Example A is plagiarized. Problems:Word-for-word from the source, without quotation marks.No in-text (parenthetical) citation to Hearst.Citing in Works Cited at end of paper is not enough—we need to know which specific information/idea/text/graphic etc. came from where as we are reading.To fix: Legitmate paraphrase (rewording) of source + in-text citation (keep citation on Reference list as well).OR Use quotation marks to show what is an exact quote (when omitting words from quote, use ellipsis (…)+ in-text citation+ keep entry in Reference list at end of paper.
Example A is plagiarized. Problems:Word-for-word from the source, without quotation marks.No in-text (parenthetical) citation to Hearst.Citing in Works Cited at end of paper is not enough—we need to know which specific information/idea/text/graphic etc. came from where as we are reading.To fix: Legitmate paraphrase (rewording) of source + in-text citation (keep citation on Reference list as well).OR Use quotation marks to show what is an exact quote (when omitting words from quote, use ellipsis (…)+ in-text citation+ keep entry in Reference list at end of paper.
Example B is plagiarized. This is an example of paraphrase plagiarism.Many student are not aware that this is plagiarism, but it can get you in trouble!!Problems:Student paper follows original source too closely. Rewording is light; sentences follow identical structure as source. In-text citation to Hearst does not solve this—in doing so we acknowledge Hearst’s idea, but not his wording, which this passage exploits.To fix this:If the phrasing of the source merits this, QUOTE exact words used, using quotation marks+ keep the in-text citation to Hearst+ keep the entry in References list.How many words in a row are ok to keep?You may hear “rules of thumb” such as the “three word rule”: quote and cite if you are using more than three words in a row from the source. There is no hard-and-fast rule. Three, two, or even one word might be distinctive enough to be quoted and cited, depending on the context.For instance, Ed Tenner wrote of the “plagiosphere” in Technology Review.This word, coined by Tenner, refers to the notion that everything has been said and is out there somewhere on the World Wide Web. (Interesting article by the way!)If I were to write about this concept and to use the word, I would want to cite Tenner. Otherwise, it would appear that I myself had made up the word and the concept it represents. The first time I used the word “plagiosphere” I could put it in quotes, add an in-text citation, and include a works cited entry at the end of my paper. Additional uses of the word in the paper would not need to be quoted, but if I used ideas from Tenner’s articles, those would require in-text citations in the body of the paper.
Example B is plagiarized. This is an example of paraphrase plagiarism.Many student are not aware that this is plagiarism, but it can get you in trouble!!Problems:Student paper follows original source too closely. Rewording is light; sentences follow identical structure as source. In-text citation to Hearst does not solve this—in doing so we acknowledge Hearst’s idea, but not his wording, which this passage exploits.To fix this:If the phrasing of the source merits this, QUOTE exact words used, using quotation marks+ keep the in-text citation to Hearst+ keep the entry in References list.How many words in a row are ok to keep?You may hear “rules of thumb” such as the “three word rule”: quote and cite if you are using more than three words in a row from the source. There is no hard-and-fast rule. Three, two, or even one word might be distinctive enough to be quoted and cited, depending on the context.For instance, Ed Tenner wrote of the “plagiosphere” in Technology Review.This word, coined by Tenner, refers to the notion that everything has been said and is out there somewhere on the World Wide Web. (Interesting article by the way!)If I were to write about this concept and to use the word, I would want to cite Tenner. Otherwise, it would appear that I myself had made up the word and the concept it represents. The first time I used the word “plagiosphere” I could put it in quotes, add an in-text citation, and include a works cited entry at the end of my paper. Additional uses of the word in the paper would not need to be quoted, but if I used ideas from Tenner’s articles, those would require in-text citations in the body of the paper.
The rewording in the Student Paper for Example C is fine--see how different the words and sentences are from the original source. Paraphrasing can work!BUT in neglecting to add an in-text citation, this went over the line to IDEA PLAGIARISM. If Hearst is in the Works Cited list, this doesn’t let the writer off the hook. How is the reader to know where the individual idea comes from if the writer doesn’t include a proper in-text citation?To fix: in-text citation + keep in References list.
The rewording in the Student Paper for Example C is fine--see how different the words and sentences are from the original source. Paraphrasing can work!BUT in neglecting to add an in-text citation, this went over the line to IDEA PLAGIARISM. If Hearst is in the Works Cited list, this doesn’t let the writer off the hook. How is the reader to know where the individual idea comes from if the writer doesn’t include a proper in-text citation?To fix: in-text citation + keep in References list.
Example D is fine—NOT plagiarized. Hooray.Very few words shared—not a problem.When the writer wanted to quote, quotation marks used appropriately.The in-text citation need only include the page number, as Hearst has already clearly been noted in the same sentence. “Hearst describes” is an example of what is called a signal phrase. It eliminates the need to indicate Hearst again in the parentheses.That wasn’t so bad, was it?
Example D is fine—NOT plagiarized. Hooray.Very few words shared—not a problem.When the writer wanted to quote, quotation marks used appropriately.The in-text citation need only include the page number, as Hearst has already clearly been noted in the same sentence. “Hearst describes” is an example of what is called a signal phrase. It eliminates the need to indicate Hearst again in the parentheses.That wasn’t so bad, was it?
