Bryophytes mosses and liverwort plants that changed the landscape.

1. BRYOPHYTES non-vascular plants
by Annie Cloutier copyright 2012
Liverwort, Mosses, Hornworts
acloutier 2012 copyright

2. Plants moved from oceans and ponds to land
• Algae cells are surrounded by water
• Plants and green algae have pigments and starch
as primary food reserves and cellulose in their
cell walls
• When plant cells divide, they develop
phragmoplasts and cell plates, that no other
organism is know to have
• This suggest that plants and green algae came
from a common ancestor
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3. 400 MYBP land plants first appeared on Earth
To survive on land plants needed to develop special features to
keep them from drying out.
• A fatty cuticle that • Plant zygotes developed
retards water loss into embryo (immature
• The gametangia plantlets) within the
(gamete producing parental tissue that
structures) originally surrounds and
• The sporangia (spore protects the egg
producing structures)
• Became multi-cellular
• Created a sterile cell
jacket
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4. Moss life cycle
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5. Bryophytes of all phyla often have mycorrhizal
fungi associated with their rhizoids
(have no xylem or phloem but absorb water)
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6. Luminous mosses are found near cave
entrances and other dark places
Each cell’s upper surface
is curved and functions as
a tiny magnifying glass,
concentrating dim light on
the chloroplast at the base
of moss.
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7. Bryophytes do not appear to be closely
related to any other living plants
• Scientist theorize that
they evolved separately
from the ancestral green
algae
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8. Mosses can be found all over the Earth
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9. Peat Mosses are Unique !
• Antibiotic and absorbent • Fix and store carbon
properties dioxide from the
atmosphere
• Have a plant history of • Peat bogs inhibit growth
aiding in plant of decomposer, by
succession of different establishing pH acid
stages of communities, • This is why biomass
transforming bogs into (dead leaves etc)
dry land over time accumulate in bogs.
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10. Does not smell and…
• was used during the • Native Americans
war as bandages to discovered it was
absorb and stop good to use in
bleeding, & has
early diapers !
antibacterial
properties to stop
infections No diaper rash
on me
http://www.ehow.co.uk/facts_7890246_peat-
moss-usage.html
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11. Sphagnum moss ~ peat moss
• Female gametophyte
• Contains egg
• Venter
• Neck canal paraphysis
• These are all part of the
archigonium ( A )
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12. Tip of male gametophyte
• Paraphysis
• Anteridium ( A )
• Sperm
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13. Life Cycle of Moss
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14. Where can you see them on Cape Cod ?
• Atlantic White Cedar Swamp Reserve at Marconi
Point, Wellfleet, MA
http://www.nps.gov/caco/planyourvisit/marconi-beach.htm
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15. White Cedar Swamps are rare and
beautiful to visit
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16. Hornwort is a Bryophytes
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17. Liverwort is a bryophyte
• http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/Biolog
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18. Little and low to the ground, but they changed the
Earth’s landscape and chemically helped make
soil from solid rocks.
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19. In 1904 Ernst Haeckel created this beautiful art of bryophytes
diversity and life cycle in his series called Kunstforen der Natur
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20. The end is just a beginning for another
species in the plant kingdom
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