Nanomaterials in Drug Delivery

1. Nanomaterials in Drug Delivery
Antonio Di Martino
Faculty of Technology
Tomas Bata University in Zlin
Czech Republic
dimartino@ft.utb.cz

2. What are nanomaterials?
Materials of which at least one dimension is sized between 1-100 nm
 Properties of nanomaterials differ significantly from other materials due to
 surface area
 quantum effect
 Applications
 Cosmetics
 Pharmaceutics
 Medicine
 Electronics
 Construction
 Agriculture
 Energy

3. Why nanomaterials in Drug Delivery ?
High surface area
 bind
 adsorb
 carry
Size smaller than
eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells  reach difficult access compartments
High permeability and
retention effect (EPR)
 administration of genes, proteins
 target the RE cells
 passive targeting
wide range of molecules

4. Nanoscale drug delivery systems
Nanoparticles
Nanoliposomes Dendrimers Polymerics Nanoshells
Fullerenes Nanotubes Nanopores Quantum Dots

5. Application of Nanoscale Delivery Systems

6. Liposomes
 Consist of an aqueous core surrounded by a lipid bilayer
 New generation liposomes can also be formed from polymers ( polymersomes)
 Ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules
 Benefits and limitations depend on physical and colloidal characteristics
phosphatdyl-ethanolamine
phosphatdyl-serine
phosphatdyl-choline
core
cholesterol
sphingomyelin

7. How to prepare Liposomes?
 Different preparation methods
 Mechanical agitation
 Solvent evaporation
 Solvent injection
 Solubilization method
 Parameters to consider during the preparation method selection
 Characteristics of the material to be entrapped
 Dispersion medium
 Concentration of the encapsulated material
 Optimum size
 Polydispersivity
 Shelf-life

8. Drugs loading
 Hydrophobic molecules
 Remain in the liposome bilayer
 High encapsulation efficiency
 Hydrophilic molecules
 Entrapped in the core
 Low encapsulation efficiency
 difficult to diffuse in and out
 Influence of pH
Doxorubicin
Paclitaxel
Prednisolone

9. Clinical Applications
 Drug / protein delivery vehicles
 Controlled and sustained release in situ
 Enhanced drug solubilization
 Enzyme replacement therapy
 Altered pharmacokinetics and bio-distribution
 Antimicrobial, antiviral and antifungal therapy
 Cancer therapy
 Carrier of small cytotoxic molecules
 Vehicle for macromolecules as cytokines and genes
Stability in physiological fluids represents the main problem!!!!!

10. NEW liposomes generation

11. Conclusions
 Development of nanocarriers is bringing lots of hope and enthusiasm
in the drug delivery research
 Improve of therapeutic efficiency
 Reduction of side effects
 Enhance selectivity