1. Religious architecture

2. We define the architecture of Islam as that building
produced by the followers of prophet
Muhammad(S.A.W.W) between the seventh and
the eighteenth century .
What is Islamic architecture

3. ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
1- CIVILARCHITECTURE
2- FUNERAL “
3- MILITARY “
4- RELIGIOUS “

4. Palaces caravanserai
Wikala fountain- sabil
Houses pemarstan
Khans ham mam
Civil architecture

5. Tombs
Mausoleums
domes
Funeral architecture

6. Citadel
Towers
Cities walls
military architecture

7. Mosques madrasa
Ribat khanka
Zawiyya tikkyat
Religious architecture

8. Religious architecture
mosques

9. Religious architecture
mosques
mosques mosques

10. mosques mosques

11. mosques
mosques

12. Religious architecture
Khanqa , dargha

13. Religious architecture
madrasa

14. madrasa

15. zawiyya

16. takiyya

17. mosques

18. Architectural elements of the mosque
Sahn “ courtyard “ , open court .
The zullah or iwan “ prayer chamber “ , sancuary “ .
Rewaks .
The mehrab .
The minbar .
The minare “ manar “ mazana , suwmaa .
The dome .
Fountain “ ablution‘
Maqsoura .
Dikka .

24. The plan
arabic plan (tradional plan )

28. Ottoman plan

29. Ottoman plan

31. Seljuk plan ( Irinian plan )

33. Indian plan

34. sahn

35. sahn

36. sahn

37. sahn

38. The zullah or iwan “ prayer chamber “ ,
sancutary

46. mihrab
A mihrab is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the
qibla, that is, the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca and hence
the direction that Muslims should face when praying.
during the reign ofAl-Walid ibnAbd al-Malik (Al-Walid I, r.
705-715), the mosque of the Prophet was renovated and the
governor (wāli) of Medina ordered that a niche be made to
designate the qibla wall (which identifies the direction of
Mecca).

47.  In addition to its function as a directional indicator
 it is thought that the first mihrab niches had a
 ceremonial or ritual function associated with
 symbols of royalty. Certainly the mihrab became a
 focus for architectural decoration and was often
 embellished with the latest artistic techniques (e.g.
 stucco, polychrome glazed tiles, carved woodwork,
 glass mosaic, marble inlay).

48.  The designs were usually
 epigraphic and often geometric or vegetal, but never
 with any suggestion of figurative imagery.

49.  There is also an early association of mihrab and
 minbar, with the minbar placed next to the mihrab
 possibly to lend spiritual authority to the sermon.
 In some areas such as EastAfrica the mihrab is linked
 to a recessed minbar niche so that the imam climbs
 the minbar by entering a door in the side of the
 mihrab.This arrangement, however, is extremely
 unusual as the mihrab should be kept free of any
 mystical connotations

50. mihrab

52. Salting Mihrab

54. mihrab

60. manar

66. A minbar (Arabic:‫منبر‬,also spelt mimbar or mimber) is
a pulpit in the mosque where the imam (leader of prayer)
stands to deliver sermons (khutbah
the prophet Muhammed only had a platform with 3 steps

67. The minbar is situated to the right of the mihrab and consists
of a raised platform reached by a set of steps, often there is a
door at the entrance to the steps and a dome or canopy above
the platform

68. minbar

69. the oldest Islamic
pulpit in the
world to be
preserved intact
is the minbar of
the Great
Mosque of
Kairouan (in the
city of Kairouan
inTunisia).
Dating from the
9th century (at
about 862 AD),