6. VOLUME
I am one of the measurable
properties of gas. I am denoted
by the symbol V. I am the
amount of space occupied by a
gas sample. My SI unit is in
liters (L)
What Am I?
7. Pressure
I am the next important measurable
property of the gas, which is denoted
by the symbol P. I am described as
the force exerted by the gas per unit
area. My unit can be ATM, Torr, Psi,
Pa and mmHg
What am I?
8. Temperature
I am denoted by the letter T. My value
depends on kinetic energy of gas.
Gases expand when I increased.
I can be expressed in Fahrenheit (◦ F),
Centigrade or Celsius (◦C), and Kelvin (K).
What am I?
9. The amount of gas
I am another measurable property of
gas. I am related to the number of
moles of gas and is generally
expressed in kilogram (kg) or gram (g).
What am I?
10. MELC:
•Investigate the relationship between:
•1 volume and pressure at constant temperature of a gas
•2 volume and temperature at constant pressure of a gas
•3 explains these relationships using the kinetic
molecular theory
18. Boyle’s Law
• Robert Boyle, an English chemist was the first to investigate the
relationship between the pressure of a gas and its volume at a
constant temperature.
• Based on his experiment made wherein he trapped a fixed
amount of air in a J-tube and changed the pressure at a
constant temperature,
• He found out that as THE PRESSURE INCREASES, THE
VOLUME DECREASES.
• He then concluded that the volume occupied by the fixed
amount of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at a
constant temperature
19. Formula in calculating the relationship
between pressure and volume
In Boyle’s law, the following formulas are to
be used when three variables are given, and
one is unknown:
• P1 = P2V2/V1
• P2 = P1V1/V2
• V1 = P2V2/P1
• V2 = P1V1/P2
20. A sample of nitrogen gas (N2) has a volume of
12.0 L and a pressure of 760.0 mm Hg. When
the gas is released, it gives 32.0 L of nitrogen.
If the temperature is the same, what is the
new pressure of nitrogen?
First step is to identify the variables
• V1
• V2
• P1
• P2
21. A sample of
nitrogen gas (N2)
has a volume of
12.0 L and a
pressure of 760.0
mm Hg. When the
gas is released, it
gives 32.0 L of
nitrogen. If the
temperature is the
same, what is the
new pressure of
nitrogen?
• V1= 12.0L
• P1= 760.0mmHg
• V2=32.0L
• P2=?
P1 = P2V2/V1
P2 = P1V1/V2
V1 = P2V2/P1
V2 = P1V1/P2
22. A sample of
nitrogen gas (N2)
has a volume of
12.0 L and a
pressure of 760.0
mm Hg. When the
gas is released, it
gives 32.0 L of
nitrogen. If the
temperature is the
same, what is the
new pressure of
nitrogen?
• V1= 12.0L
• P1= 760.0mmHg
• V2=32.0L
• P2=?
P2 = P1V1/V2
25. Charles Law
• French physicist Jacques Charles determined the
volume-temperature relationship in gases.
• From his experiment on balloons, Charles observed that,
at constant pressure, the volume of gas increases
with every increase in temperature. Also, volume
decreases as temperature decreases.
• Charles’ law states that the volume of a fixed amount of
gas maintained at constant pressure is directly
proportional to its absolute temperature
26. In Charles’ law, the following formulas
are to be used when three variables are
given, and one is unknown:
•V1 = V2T1/T2
•V2 = V1T2/T1
•T1 = V1T2/V2
•T2 = V2T1/V1
27. • A mountain climber inhales 484.0 mL of air at a
temperature of -10.0oC. What volume (in mL) will the air
occupy in the mountain climber’s lungs if his body
temperature is 37.0 C assuming that the pressure
remains the same?
• Given:
• V1 = 484.0 mL T1 = -10.0 C
• T2 = 37.0 C Find: V2
28. • A mountain climber inhales 484.0 mL of air at a
temperature of -10.0oC. What volume (in mL) will the air
occupy in the mountain climber’s lungs if his body
temperature is 37.0 C assuming that the pressure
remains the same?
• Solution: Change the temperature to Kelvin when
they are given in Celsius.
• T1 = -10.0 C + 273 = 263 K
• T2 = 37.0 C + 273 = 310 K
29. V1 = 484.0 mL T1 = -10.0 C (263k)
T2 = 37.0 C (310k) Find: V2
30. Summary
Boyle’s Law Charles Law
Proponent Robert Boyle Jacques Charles
Constant value Temperature and
amount of gas
Pressure and amount
of gas
Principle As the Pressure
increases the Volume
decreases vise versa
As the Temperature
Increases the Volume
also increases
Formula P1 = P2V2/V1
P2 = P1V1/V2
V1 = P2V2/P1
V2 = P1V1/P2
V1 = V2T1/T2
V2 = V1T2/T1
T1 = V1T2/V2
T2 = V2T1/V1
31. APPLICATION
•As an application, as you can see if
there is huge fire you will see that
as the temperature brought by the
fire increases the volume of smoke
also increases
39. For your other activities
Please read and analyze you lesson 2 modules and answer the ff.
Activity 8 Crossword puzzle
Activity 9 Problem solving (set a only)
What I have learned page 22-23
RADIO TEACHER:
Good Afternoon, Grade 10 learners.
You are still listening to 87.6
TATAK CHS CAMPUS RADIO, School-on-Air.
I am Teacher APLE M. RIGOR from Junior HS department Calibungan High School to give you interesting topics in Science 10
BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS THEN FADE UNDER
RADIO TEACHER: Let us begin by preparing yourselves for 35 mins broadcast of
learning in Science 10. First, check your headsets or speakers
if they are functioning well so you could hear clearly this
broadcast. Second, find a comfortable place to study…away from
distractions. Third, prepare your learning materials in Science 10.
Did you follow my instructions? (PAUSE) Good! Now, we are all set
BIZ: MSC UP FOR 5 SECS THEN FADE UNDER
BIZ: MSC UP FOR 5 SECS THEN FADE UNDER
RADIO TEACHER: At this point I want you to bring out your Quarter 4 Week 2
Module 1 in Science 10. (PAUSE)
BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS THEN FADE UNDER
Are you holding now your Modules? Alright!
Lets get started.
I know that you are all excited to learn our new lesson
But before that let us do some recall
What are things that we’ve discuss last session
Type your answer on our comment section
BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS THEN FADE UNDER
Now Let us see how well you remembered our last lesson
Ready?
Lets play What am I?
I am going to read a clue and you will identify what is being asked.
For those student viewing online you may type your answer on our comment section
And for those who are listening in the radio please write your answer on a sheet of paper
Are you ready?
Let us begin
Number 1
I am one of the measurable properties of gas. I am denoted by the symbol V.
I am the amount of space occupied by a gas sample.
My SI unit is in liters (L)
What Am I?
I AM THE VOLUME
Did you get the correct answer?
Well done grade 10
Number 2
I am the next important measurable property of the gas, which is denoted by the symbol P.
I am described as the force exerted by the gas per unit area. My unit can be ATM, Torr, Psi, Pa and mmHg
What am I?
I am the pressure
Did you get it right?
Very Good!
Next no. 3
I am denoted by the letter T. My value depends on kinetic energy of gas.
Gases expand when I increased.
I can be expressed in Fahrenheit (◦ F), Centigrade or Celsius (◦C), and Kelvin (K).
What am I?
I am the Temperature
Who got the correct answer?
good job grade 10
I am another measurable property of gas.
I am related to the number of moles of gas
and is generally expressed in kilogram (kg) or gram (g).
What am I?
I am the amount of gas
Did you get the correct answer Grade 10
I can see the most of you got the correct answer
Good job
These are the units that we will use in the next 30 mins of our lesson
Our Objective for this afternoon is to:
Investigate the relationship between:
1 volume and pressure at constant temperature of a gas
2 volume and temperature at constant pressure of a gas
3 explains these relationships using the kinetic molecular theory
Are you Ready?
For this session we will be dealing with Gas Law
Please make sure you have extra sheet of paper and calculator
For our computations are you ready?
Lets do our first activity
Lets do activity 6 what’s in
You can open your module lesson 2 so you will have your guide
You will Identify the given pictures below by choosing the appropriate answers found inside the word pool
Ready? Lets begin
Number 1 Picture is it
Gas and Volume
Gas and Temperature
Gas and Pressure
Or Gas and amount of gas
The correct answer is
a. Gas and pressure
Number 2 Picture is it
Gas and Volume
Gas and Temperature
Gas and Pressure
Or Gas and amount of gas
The correct answer is
b. Gas and volume
Number 3 Picture is it
Gas and Volume
Gas and Temperature
Gas and Pressure
Or Gas and amount of gas
The correct answer is
c. Gas and temperature
Number 4 Picture is it
Gas and Volume
Gas and Temperature
Gas and Pressure
Or Gas and amount of gas
The correct answer is
d. Gas and amount of gas
Did you get the correct answers?
Send heart if you do
Good job grade 10
As we recall in our last lesson, gases can be describe through its different properties
and this properties were conceptualized and proposed as the Kinetic molecular theory.
For this afternoon we will, discuss some Gas Laws that was proposed by different scientist
And somehow relate it to the kinetic molecular theory of gas
Are you ready Grade 10 the first theory is
Boyles law by Robert Boyle
Robert Boyle, an English chemist was the first to investigate the relationship between the pressure of a gas and its volume at a constant temperature.
Based on his experiment made wherein he trapped a fixed amount of air in a J-tube and changed the pressure at a constant temperature,
he found out that as the pressure increases, the volume decreases.
He then concluded that the volume occupied by the fixed amount of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at a constant temperature
In the Law proposed by Robert Boyle amount of gas and temperature are constant
Therefore the formula will only have two quantity the pressure and volume
Kindly take down notes for the formula for Boyle’s Law
P1 = P2V2/V1
P2 = P1V1/V2
V1 = P2V2/P1
V2 = P1V1/P2
Were P1 is the initial pressure and P2 is the final pressure
While V1 is the initial volume and V2 is the final volume
Now let us do some exercises
A sample of nitrogen gas (N2) has a volume of 12.0 L and a pressure of 760.0 mm Hg.
When the gas is released, it gives 32.0 L of nitrogen. If the temperature is the same, what is the new pressure of nitrogen?
Our First Step is to identify the Variables
A sample of nitrogen gas (N2) has a volume of 12.0 L and a pressure of 760.0 mm Hg.
When the gas is released, it gives 32.0 L of nitrogen. If the temperature is the same, what is the new pressure of nitrogen?
What will be our first volume?
Our volume 1 is ?
How about our pressure 1?
How about our volume 2?
How about our pressure 2?
Now knowing the missing variable what will be our formula?
Our formula to be used will be
P2=P1V1/V2
Now using our formula let us solve for the missing variable
Let us do substitution
Using the formula p2=p1v1/v2
p2= 760mmhg multiply by 12 L
Divided by 32 L
76 mmHg multiply by 12 will be 9120 mmHg L
Next step divide 9120mmHg L to 32 L
Cancel the same unit which is L
The answer will be 285 mmHg
As you can see the volume of gas increases from 12 L to 32 L
According to the rule as the pressure increases the volume decreases or
vise versa now as we analyze the volume of gas increases
that is why the value of our p2 decreases
Do you follow grade 10?
Please send a heart if you were able to understand the first Gas Law
Our Next Law is the Charles law
French physicist Jacques Charles determined the volume-temperature relationship in gases.
From his experiment on balloons, Charles observed that, at constant pressure, the volume of gas increases with every increase in temperature. Also, volume decreases as temperature decreases.
Charles’ law states that the volume of a fixed amount of gas maintained at constant pressure is directly proportional to its absolute temperature
In Charles’ law, the following formulas are to be used when three variables are given, and one is unknown:
V1 = V2T1/T2
V2 = V1T2/T1
T1 = V1T2/V2
T2 = V2T1/V1
Were V1 is the initial volume and T1 is temperature 1
While V2 is the final volume and T2 is final temperature
Now let us answer sample problem
A mountain climber inhales 484.0 mL of air at a temperature of -10.0oC.
What volume (in mL) will the air occupy in the mountain climber’s lungs
if his body temperature is 37.0 C assuming that the pressure remains the same?
Now let us analyze the given
Our first volume is 484.0 mL
How about Volume 2?
Next what is our Temperature 1?
Our temperature 1 is -10 c
How about our temp 2? It is? 37 C
A mountain climber inhales 484.0 mL of air at a temperature of -10.0oC.
What volume (in mL) will the air occupy in the mountain climber’s lungs
if his body temperature is 37.0 C assuming that the pressure remains the same?
Now in Gases scientist use kelvin as the unit for temperature therefore we need to convert 10 C and 37 C to Kelvin
How will we convert it?
By simply adding 273 to the temperature express in Celsius
Meaning to say 10 plus 273 our t 1 will be 263 K
Then 37 plus 273 our t2 will be 310k
Using the formula V2=V1T2/ T1
Then let us substitute for the values of known variable
V2= 484 ml multiply by 310 K is one hundred fifty thousand forty divided by temperature 1 which is 263k
The answer will be
570.49 ml
Now using the value that we calculate what can you say about the value of our quantity
We can say that
As the temperature increases the value of our volume also increases
To sum it up
In boyles law temperature is constant while in Charles pressure is constant
In boyles law As the Pressure increases the Volume decreases vise versa, while in Charles law As the Temperature Increases the Volume also increases
As an application, as you can see if there is huge fire you will see that as the temperature
brought by the fire increases the volume of smoke also increases
DO YOU UNDERSTAND OUR LESSON about Gas Law?
If yes pls send a heart
Everyone is sending a heart therefore I conclude that you all understood our lesson
Now LET US SEE HOW WELL YOU UNDERSTOOD OUR LESSON
Let us see how well you understood the lesson
I am going to flash a principle and you will identify if it is Charles law or Boyles law
Write/type Charles if the statement is for Charles law and Boyles if its for Boyles
Ready?
As the Volume of Gas increase the temperature of Gas increases vise versa
The answer is Charles Law
Next
The Law states that as the Pressure increases the Volume decreases vise versa
The answer is Boyle’s law
Next
Temperature and amount of gas are constant
The answer is boyles
Next
Pressure and amount of gas are constant
The answer is Charles law
How was your score?
Did you get it right?
Good job Grade 10!
For your other activities
Please read and analyze you lesson 2 modules and answer the ff.
Activity 8 Crossword puzzle
Activity 9 Problem solving (set a only)
What I have learned page 22-23
I do hope that you will master our lesson for today.(PAUSE)
Once again This has been your teacher broadcaster on air, Maam Aple M. Rigor
leaving you with the saying never stop learning because life never stop teaching
a blessed afternoon
This is 87.6 tatak chs campus radio
Makinig, manood at matuto
Aral na Chsians!