3. WHAT IS A SLAB ?
• FLAT, HORIZONTAL ELEMENT
OF A STRUCTURE
• SUPPORTED BY BEAMS AND
COLUMNS
• TAKES TRANSVERSE LOADING
• TRANSFERS LOAD TO BEAMS
4. TYPESOF SLABS (IN TERMS OF LOAD TRANSFER) :
1. ONE-WAY SLAB
• slabs that primarily deflect in one
direction
• one-way spanning
2. TWO-WAY SLAB
• slabs are supported by columns
arranged generally in rows so that the
slabs can deflect in two directions
• two-way spanning
5. TYPES OF SLAB (IN TERMS OF SUPPORT) :
• Simply supported slab
• Cantilever slab
• Overhanging slab
• Fixed slab
• Continuous slab
8. CLEARCOVER :
• we have make enough space (between
atmosphere & reinforcements) before
laying the reinforcements and casting
the slab
CC BLOCKS (for approx. 1.5”
spacing)
9. REINFORCEMENTS :
• reinforcement includes
straight bars, cranked
bars
• extra tops/ bottoms near
the supports
CRANKED BAR
STRAIGHT BAR
31. CURING :
• Washing with water
• Allowing concrete to reach
highest strength
• Continues for 28 days
approx.
32. REMOVAL OF FORMWORK :
• Sides of formwork removed
after 3 days
• Bottom part removed after
approx. 28 days
• Full strength reached
• Beam completed
FORMWORK
FORMWORK
REMOVED
33. WHAT ARE STAIRS ?
• SERIES OF STEPS
• CONNECTS FLOORS OF A
BUILDING
35. TYPESOF STAIRS (IN TERMS OF SHAPE) :
1. Straight
2. Geometrical
3. Circular
4. Dog-legged
5. Open-newel
6. Bifurcated
36. STRAIGHT STAIRS :
• all the steps rise in the
same direction
• not suitable for short
wider halls
37. GEOMETRICAL STAIRS :
• winding or spiral
• built around a stairwell
• returns on itself as it ascends
• does not employ newels
• has no landings between floors
38. CIRCULAR STAIRS :
• that occupies a circular volume
• treads in a spiral pattern about a
central post/ axis
39. DOG-LEGGED STAIRS :
• flight of stairs ascends to a half-
landing before turning 180 degrees and
continuing upwards
• flights do not have to be equal
40. OPEN-NEWEL STAIRS :
• Stairs constructed around an
open cylindrical space
• without a central post/ axis
• built around a well, leaving an open
space
41. BIFURCATED STAIRS :
• a wide common flight is divided
into two flights
• used in public buildings,
education institutions etc.
42. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO MATERIALS :
• WOODEN STAIRS
• CONCRETE STAIRS
• STEEL STAIRS
• GLASS STAIRS
• STONE STAIRS
![Group - 03
• AFSANA HAQUE AYAAN [13-01-03-031]
• ASHRAFI KHANAM IVY [13-01-03-0..]
• NUSRAT JAHAN NISHA [13-01-03-0..]
• NAHARUL JANNAT [13-01-03-0..]
• AHASAN HRIDOY [13-01-03-040]
• SAMA AHMED [13-01-03-013]
• TANJIM HOSSAIN DISHA [13-01-03-001]
• SHAHID MUNSHI [13-01-03-0..]
• SUNJID [13-01-03-0..]
• APU ROY [13-01-03-0..]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)