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Selecting the Research Method Research Methodologies
Descriptive Research Purpose: To describe systematically the facts and characteristics of a given population or area of interest, factually and accurately.
Characteristics: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Descriptive Research
[object Object],[object Object],Characteristics: Descriptive Research
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Characteristics: Descriptive Research
Historical Research If descriptive research describes  what is , historical research describes/ verifies/ analyzes and interprets  what was .
Historical Research by Definition is: The systematic collection and objective evaluation of data related to past occurrences in order to test hypothesis concerning causes, effects, or trends of those events that may help to explain present events and anticipate future events.
Ethnographic Research Ethnography is one of the anthropological methods which provides us with descriptive data on the people’s way of life-that is, their culture.
Its purpose is to investigate patterns and sequences of growth and/or change as a function of time. Developmental Research
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Characteristics Its purpose is to investigate the extent to which variations in one factor corresponds with variations in one or more factors based on correlation coefficients. Correlational Research
Its purpose is to study intensively the background, current status and environmental interactions of a given social unit: an individual, group, institution or community. Case Study Research
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Characteristics
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Characteristics
To develop new skills or approaches and to solve problems with direct application to the classroom or workplace. Action Research
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Characteristics
[object Object],Experimental Research
An experiment usually involves two groups of subjects, an experimental group and a control group or a comparison group. Essential Charcateristics of Experimental Research The Comparison of Groups This means that the researcher deliberately and directly determines what form the independent variable will take and then which group will get which form. Manipulation of the Independent Variable
Random assignment is an important ingredient in the best kinds of experiments.  It means that every individual who is participating in the experiments has an equal change of being assigned to any of the experimental or control conditions that are being compared. Three things to consider about the random assignment of subjects to groups are the following: Randomization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Groups Designs in Experimental Research The design of an experiment can take a variety of forms.  Some of the designs are better because of the way they handle threats to internal validity.  Good designs control many of these threats while weak designs control only a few.

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3. Research Methodologies

  • 1. Selecting the Research Method Research Methodologies
  • 2. Descriptive Research Purpose: To describe systematically the facts and characteristics of a given population or area of interest, factually and accurately.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Historical Research If descriptive research describes what is , historical research describes/ verifies/ analyzes and interprets what was .
  • 7. Historical Research by Definition is: The systematic collection and objective evaluation of data related to past occurrences in order to test hypothesis concerning causes, effects, or trends of those events that may help to explain present events and anticipate future events.
  • 8. Ethnographic Research Ethnography is one of the anthropological methods which provides us with descriptive data on the people’s way of life-that is, their culture.
  • 9. Its purpose is to investigate patterns and sequences of growth and/or change as a function of time. Developmental Research
  • 10.
  • 11. Its purpose is to study intensively the background, current status and environmental interactions of a given social unit: an individual, group, institution or community. Case Study Research
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. To develop new skills or approaches and to solve problems with direct application to the classroom or workplace. Action Research
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. An experiment usually involves two groups of subjects, an experimental group and a control group or a comparison group. Essential Charcateristics of Experimental Research The Comparison of Groups This means that the researcher deliberately and directly determines what form the independent variable will take and then which group will get which form. Manipulation of the Independent Variable
  • 18.
  • 19. Groups Designs in Experimental Research The design of an experiment can take a variety of forms. Some of the designs are better because of the way they handle threats to internal validity. Good designs control many of these threats while weak designs control only a few.