about how the hybrid car work and types of hybrids, advantages and disadvantages of hybrid is safe to drive hybrid car working of hybrid car and its conclusion.

1. Sagar Institute Of Research &
Technology
Bhopal, M.P., India
Under the guidance of
Prepared by
Dr. Chitra Rekha Tiwari Vinay Pratap Singh Chauhan
CAR HYBRID TECHNOLOGY

2. Introduction
 A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV)
augments an electric vehicle (EV)
with a second source of power
referred to as the alternative power
unit (APU).
 A hybrid can achieve the cruising
range and performance advantages
of conventional vehicles with the
low-noise, low-exhaust emissions,
and energy independence benefits
of electric vehicles 2

3. WHAT IS A HYBRID?
 The dictionary defines a hybrid as something of mixed origin
 A hybrid is a vehicle that is propelled by two power sources.
Internal combustion engine (ICE)
+
Electric motor powered by batteries.
3

4. A hybrid car is a passenger vehicle that is
driven by a hybrid engine, which is an
engine that combines two or more sources
of power, generally gasoline and electricity
There are two types of gasoline-electric
hybrids:
• Parallel hybrid
• Series hybrid
HOW DO HYBRID CARS WORK?

5. Gasoline engine and electric motor work
together to move the car forward
HOW PARALLEL HYBRID
CARS WORK

6. Gasoline engine either directly powers an
electric motor that powers the vehicle, or
charges batteries that will power the battery
HOW SERIESHYBRID
CARS WORK

7. LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES
7
• Full hybrid
– They feature idle-stop function
– Regenerative braking
– Most are capable of using the electric motor
alone to propel the vehicle
– The electric motor also assists the engine
– Battery voltages are about 200 to 300 volts
– (For Example:-Toyota Prius)

8. LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES
8
• Medium hybrid
– They feature idle-stop function
– Regenerative braking
– Most are not capable of using the electric motor
alone to propel the vehicle
– The electric motor usually assists the engine
– Battery voltages are about 144 to 158 volts
– (for Example : Honda Civic Hybrid.)

9. LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES
9
• Mild Hybrid
– They feature idle-stop function
– Regenerative braking
– Are not capable of using the electric motor to
propel the vehicle
– These systems are usually 42 volts or less
– (For Example :The Micro Hybrid SCORPIO)

10. BASIC COMPONENTS
Power plant ICE
Electric motor / Generator
Battery
Transmission
Inverter
10

11. How hybrid cars work?
Gasoline engine
Fuel tank
Electric motor
Generator
Batteries
Transmission

12.  We are all familiar with gasoline-powered cars, and most people
have heard about or seen electric cars. A hybrid car is a
combination of the two. A hybrid vehicle contains parts of both
gasoline and electric vehicles in an attempt to get the best of both
worlds.
 In a traditional hybrid vehicle, you have a complete electric car. It
includes an electric motor to provide all of the power to the wheels,
as well as batteries to supply the motor with electricity. Then you
have a completely separate gasoline engine powering a generator.
The engine is very small -- perhaps 10 to 20 horsepower -- and it is
designed to run at just one speed for maximum efficiency. The
purpose of this small, efficient engine is to provide enough power
for the car at its cruising speed. During times of acceleration, the
batteries provide the extra power necessary. When the car is
decelerating or standing still, the batteries recharge. This sort of
hybrid car is essentially an electric car with a built-in recharger for
longer range. The advantage is that the small, efficient gasoline
Working of hybrid Cars

14. ARE HYBRID VEHICLES SAFE?
The following will disable the high voltage
system
 High voltage interlock circuit
 Airbag deployment
 High voltage leak
 Removing battery negative
14

15. WHAT HAPPENS IF A HYBRID VEHICLE IS
SUBMERGED IN WATER?
 There is no risk of electric shock from
touching the car's body or framework—in
or out of the water.
15

16.  Better mileage
 Improved acceleration
(most of the time)
 Less dependence on fossil
fuels
 Lower emissions
 Some states provide
incentives for driving a
hybrid (In USA)
 Great driving experience
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 Little highway mileage
increase
 High initial cost
 Needs high fuel cost to be
worthwhile
 Could cost more to repair
 Extra maintenance items
 Some hybrids need special
tires
Advantages Disadvantages

17. Quickest and easiest way for emergency
responders: All hybrid vehicles have
badge plates located on the sides and/or
rear of the vehicle
HOWTO IDENTIFY A HYBRIDVEHICLE

18. HOWTOIDENTIFY A HYBRIDVEHICLE
In place of a tachometer, a power meter
showing kW output is used
Do you notice orange (high voltage) or
blue (intermediate voltage) loom under
hood or running under vehicle?
Hybrid tag on motor
Auxiliary Power Output Operation button
on dash or 120VAC plugs noted in bed of
pickup

19. Hybrid concept car
THE FUTURE OF HYBRID CAR TECHNOLOGY

20. 20
CONCLUSIONS
• Using the concept of Hybridization of
cars results in better efficiency and
also saves a lot of fuel in today’s
fuel deficit world.
• A hybrid gives a solution to all the
problems to some extent.
• If proper research and development is
done in this field, hybrid vehicle
promises a practical, efficient, low
pollution vehicle for the coming era.

22. Any Questions??