Stakeholder Engagement: The art & science of winning the SE snakes and ladders game webinar
Tuesday 27 February 2018
APM Stakeholder Engagement Focus Group (SEFG),
part of APM People Specific Interest Group (SIG)
presented by Paul Mansell, MD ImpaQt Consulting
2. UCL DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHYMSc in Strategic Management of Projects
Bartlett School of Construction and Project Management
Copyright of ImpaQt Consulting 2016
20#yrs 4#yrs 8#yrs 5#yrs
Hands.on#Project#Management
Program#
Leadership
Built/Sold##PPM#
Consultancy
Independent#
PPM#Advisor
7. 2. The S&L Board APM People SIG - Webinar
Stakeholder Engagement
Snakes & Ladders of
Stakeholder Engagement
Paul Mansell
Feb 18
7
Stakeholder engagement is the systematic identification, analysis and
planning of actions to communicate with, negotiate with and influence key
stakeholders. Stakeholders are all those who have an interest or role in
the project or are impacted by the project.
APM BoK 5th Edition
So,$what$elements$of$complexity$can$we$now$
prepare$be6er$for?$$We$look$at$6$areas$below,$
through$stakeholder$engagement$modelling$
What%enables Success? What%is Success?
Defining%Success%in%Complex%
Programmes
• Benefits((tangible((/intangible)
• Stakeholders((interests(/(
perceptions)
• Critical(Success(Factors
• Clarity(of(Objectives
• Strategic(Risk(Management
• Leadership
• Stakeholder(Engagement
• etc
Project Programme Major Programme
central control
controllable
tasks
organised
linear
closed, clockwork
systems
easier to
understand
clear cause & effect
stable
loose coupling
equilibrium
The$Project+Programme$Spectrum’s$
characteris5cs$
Technically
complex
Multi scale
unpredictableNon linear
emergent
Difficult to
understand
Unclear cause & effect
unstable
Takes too long,
costs too much
Complex
stakeholder
relationships
political
Prone to optimism bias
..."What"are"the"causes?"
% of projects
Not a successful picture! The Standish
Group (CHAOS 2009 Report) noted the
highest failure rate in over a decade:
Challenged"44"%"
Failed"
Success"32"%""
2. Lack of clear senior management ownership and
leadership
3. Lack of effective engagement
with stakeholders
4. Lack of skills and proven approach to project
management and risk management
5. Too little attention to breaking development and
implementation into manageable steps
7. Lack of understanding of, and contact with the
supply industry at senior levels in the organisation
8. Lack of effective project team integration between
clients, the supplier team and the supply chain
6. Evaluation of proposals driven by initial price
rather than long-term value for money (especially
securing delivery of business benefits)
1. Lack of clear links between the project and the
organisation's key strategic priorities, including
agreed measures of success
Cabinet"Office"/"NAO""Common"Causes"of"Project"Failure"D"2004"
Where does it get tricky?
wicked
problem
wicked
mess
tame
problem
messy
problem
social
complexity
technical
complexity
low high
high
low
• One of many models that exist
7
(Model based on ‘Tame, Messy
& Wicked Risk Leadership’
Model by David Hancock,
Head Infrastructure IPA
Cabinet Office)
1
3
2
4
13. 3. The S&L Rules APM People SIG - Webinar
Stakeholder Engagement
Snakes & Ladders of
Stakeholder Engagement
Paul Mansell
Feb 18
13
Outputs of the process Step
• A roles description matrix that has analysed my (and my
team’s) set of project roles and identified which roles are
most apposite for the positive influencing of stakeholders.
• A clear definition of the activities, outputs and outcomes that
define the success of the project.
• To recognise that the stakeholders will have different perceptions
of what success means for the project and what it means for
themselves.
• To define the environmental complexities and the likely
impact on the project’s benefits delivery
• To assess the impact of how the complexities will affect the
perceptions and attitude of the stakeholders to the project.
• The categorisation of the level of complexity and the likely
Stakeholder resources required.
Define the
Activities and
Outputs
Understand the
desired
Benefits /
Outcomes
2. Defining the Task
The Team’s
Roles
1. My Role & the Team
My Leadership
Roles
Define the Areas of
Complexity
3. Environment Complexity
Assess Impact of
Complexity on
Stakeholders
Plan: What
mechanisms
are available to
influence them
The Approach:
When, how,
who and with
what
5. Plan to Influence
What are their
Interests and
Power
4. Identify & Assess
Who are the
stakeholders
(internal &
external)
What is the effect of
the stakeholder
engagement
6. Continual Review
What will we do
differently
14. 3. The S&L Rules APM People SIG - Webinar
Stakeholder Engagement
Snakes & Ladders of
Stakeholder Engagement
Paul Mansell
Feb 18
14
Project Complexity - Rating for CASE Tool Step 3
Consideration of Environmental Complexity Source: adapted from Shenhar & Dvir
Environment Description Dimension Score Weighting
Dimension
Total
Environment
Total
RAG
Effect of Complexity Dimension
on Stakeholkders' perception of
success & positive engagement
with the project?
Compound effect of
dimension on our ability to
influence the
stakeholders?
RAG
is it of
concern?
1 to 5 %
compound
of A*W
sum of
dimensions
is it of
concern?
H (1) / M (2) / L (3)
Political What are the external political
affects on the project from
national of local political
stakeholders?
What is the impact of Politics on
your programme?
1 60% 0.6 3 1.8
Is there an above norm
deliberate influence on the
project from external
stakeholders?
How political is the external
environment?
5 40% 2 2 4
2.6 Partial 5.8 Partial
Social Are the social networks external
to the project conducive to
success?
Are the social networks mapped,
stable, believable and able to
support success?
3 30% 0.9 3 2.7
Are the social networks internal
to the project conducive to
success?
Are the social networks mapped,
stable, believable and able to
support success?
2 70% 1.4 2 2.8
2.3 Partial 5.5 Partial
Technology The project's level of
technological uncertainty.
Is the project's level of
technological uncertainty
compounded by new technology,
systems and processes that affect
the likely project success?
4 100% 4 3 12
4 No 12 No
Funding The current and future funding Is the current funding in place? 4 25% 1 1 1
Is future funding in place? 2 50% 1 2 2
Is there sufficient contingency? 1 25% 0.25 3 0.75
2.25 Partial 3.75 Yes
Novelty The uncertainty of the project's
goal, the uncertainty in the
market, or both.
How new is the projects' product to
customers? 1 50% 0.5 2 1
How new is the projects' product to
users?
2 20% 0.4 2 0.8
How new is the projects' product to
the market in general?
1 30% 0.3 3 0.9
1.2 Yes 2.7 Yes
Pace The urgency of the project -
namely, how much time there is
to complete the job
Is there a reasonable time planned
for the delivery of the project? 1 20% 0.2 1 0.2
Is there contingency for schedule
slippage?
2 20% 0.4 1 0.4
How thoroughly have risks and
issues been modelled for their
posisble impact on the project?
2 60% 1.2 2 2.4
1.8 Yes 3 Yes
Business
Environment
The capability and capacity of the
business/organisation to support
the project's success
Is there sufficient support from the
leadership?
4 40% 1.6 3 4.8
Is there sufficient support from the
business (process, systems, tools)
to support success?
2 20% 0.4 1 0.4
Are there trhe capabilities (and
capacity) of competencies and
skills to deliver project success?
3 40% 1.2 2 2.4
3.2 Yes 7.6 Yes
Step 3A: Defining the Dimensions of Complexity Step 3B: Assessing Impact of Complexity on Stakeholders
CASE Tool Step 3A and 3B Assessment Charts
Purpose of this Tool:
Purpose of this Tool:
Summary output of this tool:Tool:
This spreadsheet enable the user to assess the relative complexity of the project and
consider what effect this might have on stakeholder engagment. At this stage (see 6 steps
model below) there is no need to map all the stakeholders. That is part of Step 4.
0
5
10
15
Political
Social
Technology
FundingNovelty
Pace
Business
Environment
Stakeholder Compound Complexity
Radar Chart
Series1
15. 3. The S&L Rules APM People SIG - Webinar
Stakeholder Engagement
Snakes & Ladders of
Stakeholder Engagement
Paul Mansell
Feb 18
15
Outputs of this process Step:
• To list the stakeholders and categorise them by Power and Influence
• To better understand them and influence more effectively
• To align the stakeholders to outputs of Steps 1-3
• To prioritise effort in preparing a plan to address issues and risks
The Power-
Interest Matrix
Diagnostic
Step 1 - list all stakeholders (listed in single register - see tabs on this spreadsheet)
Step 2 - list stakeholders on a matrix - (plot on a 2x2)
Step 3 - assessment of stakeholders comitment and contribution (see table below)
Step 4 - plot where you would like each stakeholder to be (show arrow, or if in good position, just circle name)
Disagrees Neutral Supportive Committed
Critical
Desirable
Non-
Essential
Contribution
Commitment
Step 5 - develop an action plan that becomes part of the Program Communications Plan (see below)
Stakeholder Role; interests etc Current Level Target Level Primary Interface Actions
Brian Prichard Program Sponsor Critical; Neutral Critical; Committed PgM Regular meetings to build mutual confidence
David Jespers Program Manager n/a n/a n/a n/a
James Balouche Account Manager
Shahar Zubari Lead R&D Israel
Kim Yuna Head Korea Delivery & Support
Ben Wiggins Head of Integration & Test
Virat Tendulkar R&D India
Tony Woods Head Customer Operations
Daniel Beckham Head of UK Delivery
Samantha
Masters Cluster Manager
Steven Gerrard Customer CEO Critical; Neutral Critical; Committed Brian Pritchard
Seek regular face-to-face meetings (every 3 months) to talk
through progress and wider relationship issues
Luis Sanchez Customer CFO
Jonjo Shelvey VP Customer Operations Critical; Committed
José Sánchez Customer Program Manager
Alena Leonova VP Broadcast Operations
Miki Ando VP Marketing Non-Essential/ Disagrees
Daniel Agger
Senior Team Leader at Broadcom:
Chipset vendor
Martin Škrtel
Senior Team Leader at Pace: STB
Vendor
Jamie
Carragher
Senior Team Leader at Humax:
STB Vendor
Users of the Pay-
TV
Riesman
Ram
on
Espera
nza
Miro
Gonza
la
Tars
h
Limpton
Martinez
Burg
in
Bors
on
Ryd
er
Karel
Pont
The Stakeholder
Registers & Network
Diagram
Define the
Activities and
Outputs
Understand the
desired
Benefits /
Outcomes
2. Defining the Task
The Team’s
Roles
1. My Role & the Team
My Leadership
Roles
Define the Areas of
Complexity
3. Environment Complexity
Assess Impact of
Complexity on
Stakeholders
Plan: What
mechanisms
are available to
influence them
The Approach:
When, how,
who and with
what
5. Plan to Influence
What are their
Interests and
Power
4. Identify & Assess
Who are the
stakeholders
(internal &
external)
What is the effect of
the stakeholder
engagement
6. Continual Review
What will we do
differently
16. 3. The S&L Rules APM People SIG - Webinar
Stakeholder Engagement
Snakes & Ladders of
Stakeholder Engagement
Paul Mansell
Feb 18
16
Outputs of these process Steps:
• To categorise the stakeholders and identify what tools,
mechanisms and processes are available to influence them
• To develop a plan that details a comprehensive approach to
the optimal effect on the stakeholders to deliver the project
more successfully (time, cost and scope). Align to the Project
Communication Plan
• To review effects on the stakeholders of the integrated
plan
• To identify what we could be doing better
• To adapt the plan as necessary
Define the
Activities and
Outputs
Understand the
desired
Benefits /
Outcomes
2. Defining the Task
The Team’s
Roles
1. My Role & the Team
My Leadership
Roles
Define the Areas of
Complexity
3. Environment Complexity
Assess Impact of
Complexity on
Stakeholders
Plan: What
mechanisms
are available to
influence them
The Approach:
When, how,
who and with
what
5. Plan to Influence
What are their
Interests and
Power
4. Identify & Assess
Who are the
stakeholders
(internal &
external)
What is the effect of
the stakeholder
engagement
6. Continual Review
What will we do
differently
22. APM People SIG - Webinar
Stakeholder Engagement
Snakes & Ladders of
Stakeholder Engagement
Paul Mansell
Feb 18
22
BSP Strategy Design – Benefits Map – BSP’s logic (simplified)
Building Safety
Policy & Advice
Stakeholder
Engagement,
Comms & Case
Workers
Building
Solutions
Programme
Buildings Safety
Regs System
Review
Programme
Lead
Activities Outputs Outcomes
Unifying Purpose
Residents of
high rise
buildings are
safe and feel
safe from the
risk of fire
now and in
the future.Greater
compliance with
Fire Safety
Requirements
A safe buildings estate
that has fewer fatalities
and injuries through
avoidable fire-related
incidents
Budget decisions can be made
against a world class database
that has prioritised list to
identify urgent/importance of
remedial work
Design a database that
effectively and efficiently
collects the asset data
Stakeholders mapped and
engaged proactively
Support the Independent
review with the right ToR, skills,
engaging the right people
Translate the policy decisions
into meaningful, affordable and
timely building solutions with
Industry/HO/FRS buy-in
Industry is engaged, mainly
through IRG, to jointly
understand how to deliver BSP
objectives successfully
Deliver an Interim and Full
Report that provides clear
recommendations on next steps
to achieve BSP mission
Remediation: Support and give
assurance of delivery of timely,
cost effective Fire Safety works
Trust in
government
increases across
all stakeholders
UK has turned the
disaster of Grenfell
into an opportunity
to demonstrate
world leading
building safety with
a fully joined up
public-private
sector partnership
Government Policy is
delivered effectively,
efficiently and
demonstrates Value for
Money Solutions
Stakeholders feel
safer
Stakeholders surveys
demonstrate success of the BSP
to make a meaningful
difference
Ministerial Decision Points
defined with proven delivery
against defined objectives
Establishes Governance and
management to deliver success
Providing advice on making
buildings safe (who, where,
what, when)
Clear Policy proposals made to
Ministers with costed,
prioritised recommendations
Assurance that Remediation
has taken place
Coordinated, & Industry tested,
delivery plan to time/cost
Improved Safety
Culture
equivalent to
worker safety
Achieves best
value, best
quality and best
speed
= primary
logic trail
Benefits
Implemented
Recommendations
eg Buildings Regs
At Risk Buildings identified
Cladding & systems tested &
Communicated
BSP Projects
Ladder #1: What
Communications Plan in place
and being delivered well
Stakeholders mapped and
engaged proactively Stakeholders surveys
demonstrate success of the BSP
to make a meaningful
difference
Trust in government increases
across all stakeholders
Stakeholders feel they can
raise concerns and are being
listened to
29. APM People SIG - Webinar
Stakeholder Engagement
Snakes & Ladders of
Stakeholder Engagement
Paul Mansell
Feb 18
29
Housing Tenant
Local Authority
Industry
Fire Service
Grenfell Residents
ØWe have completed first response
well, but have Lessons to Learn
ØWe have designed BSP well
ØWe are engaging Stakeholders
well
ØWe know the scale of the
task/opportunity
ØWe have listened to and
exchanged key data
ØWe have a prioritised plan of
action that knows: who, what,
when, where, cost, etc
ØEvidence that the Building Solutions
Programme and the Buildings Regs
Safety Review are on track to deliver
against SofS commitments
ØStakeholders fully engaged
ØOpportunities for other benefits
identified and managed
Test stakeholder ‘soft’
feedback on how we are
delivering against
‘hard’ targets
‘Soft’ Performance Targets
‘Hard’
Targets
Ba simple performance framework that balances ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ targets
Ladder #3: How
Build a simple performance framework that balances ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ targets
30. APM People SIG - Webinar
Stakeholder Engagement
Snakes & Ladders of
Stakeholder Engagement
Paul Mansell
Feb 18
30
BSP Perf Mangt – Soft Target Case Study
Housing Tenants – at the heart of everything we do
"We feel reassured about the safety of our building “
“We were kept informed and given information about how we were being kept safe as the work progressed”
"We were consulted about what would make us feel safe and we are pleased with the work done”
"It looks better and feels safer than it did before“
Prime
Indicator
Expected
Baseline
Response
Sept 2017
By
December
2017
By May
2018
By Dec 2018
1.1.1 There were immediate steps taken to make our building safe 1st 3 4 4 4
1.1.2 I was informed what these steps were 2 2 3 3
1.1.3 I felt that our safety from fire was a key concern of the LA Yes 2 3 4 5
1.2.1 I was informed / able to access information that explained
what type of cladding we have and whether tests would be
carried out
1st 3 4 4 4
1.2.2 Results of the tests were shared with us 3 4 4
1.2.3 I understand that a plan will be developed to assess the most
effective way fo making the building safe
4 5 6 6
1.2.4 The plan, when ready, was shared with us Yes 4 5 6 6
1.2.5 I was informed of progress and likely completion date Yes 6 7 7
1.3.1 I can access the Terms of the Independent Review and I can
share my comments back
Yes 4 4 5 5
1.3.2 I can input my safety concerns to the LA / HA 4 4 5 6
1.3.3 I feel that there is good feedback on my concerns 1st 4 4 6 7
Test 1: We feel reassured about safety in our building
1.1 Immediate Response
1.2 Testing and Remediation
1.3 Longer term Fire Safety
Ladder #3: How
31. APM People SIG - Webinar
Stakeholder Engagement
Snakes & Ladders of
Stakeholder Engagement
Paul Mansell
Feb 18
31
Ladder #3: How
2. Build Guiding Teams2. Build Guiding Teams
3. Get the Right Vision3. Get the Right Vision
4. Communicate for Buy4. Communicate for Buy--inin
5. Enable Action5. Enable Action
6. Create Short6. Create Short--term Winsterm Wins
7. Don7. Don’’t Let Upt Let Up
8. Make It Stick8. Make It Stick
1. Increase Urgency1. Increase Urgency
Creating a
Climate for
Change
Engaging &
Enabling the Whole
Organization
Implementing &
Sustaining the
Change
2. Build Guiding Teams2. Build Guiding Teams
3. Get the Right Vision3. Get the Right Vision
4. Communicate for Buy4. Communicate for Buy--inin
5. Enable Action5. Enable Action
6. Create Short6. Create Short--term Winsterm Wins
7. Don7. Don’’t Let Upt Let Up
8. Make It Stick8. Make It Stick
1. Increase Urgency1. Increase Urgency
Creating a
Climate for
Change
Engaging &
Enabling the Whole
Organization
Implementing &
Sustaining the
Change
Kotter and Cohen’s Heart of Change recognises three phases in
successful Change Management
Kotter and Cohens heart of change recognises three
phases in successful change management
36. www.apm.org.uk/stakeholder-engagement
Stakeholder Engagement Focus Group
§ Established in 2013, now part of the APM People SIG
(specific interest group)
§ Anyone can join or contribute
– The SEFG is a collaborative team of interested project practitioners from
different disciplines
– We welcome all contributions, you don’t need to be a member of the APM
– Contact form on website – www.apm.org.uk/stakeholder-engagement
– Twitter contact welcome - @apmsefg
“Making stakeholder
engagement a higher
priority”
37. This presentation was delivered
at an APM webinar
To find out more about
upcoming webinars please visit
our website
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