Gaming Consoles & Its Emerging Technology, a presentation prepared by two students Sai Krishna A and Roopsai N of the under-grad college GRIET, Hyderabad. This presentation was initially prepared for a technical event called Pragnya 2018 in the section "Paper Presentations" and will further be used by the owners in the future. *for educational & informative purposes only, any signs of copying/recreating/manipulating of this media is legally punishable.

1. GAMING CONSOLES AND ITS
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY
A Presentation by A Sai Krishna and N Roopsai, CSE-C, GRIET

2. BUT FIRST, WHAT IS A GAMING CONSOLE?
A gaming console is a highly
specialized piece of hardware that
has rapidly evolved since its
inception incorporating all the
latest advancements in processor
technology, memory, graphics, and
sound among others to give the gamer
“the ultimate gaming experience”.
The term "video game console" is
primarily used to distinguish a
console machine primarily designed
for consumers to use for playing
video games, in contrast to arcade
machines or home computers.

3. SO, HOW DOES IT WORK?
Components:
• User control interface (Controller)
• CPU
• RAM
• Software kernel
• Storage medium for games (CD, ROM)
• Video output (NTSC, PAL)
• Audio output
• Power supply

4. AND, WHERE DID IT FIRST TAKE PLACE?
Technically, the earliest known publicly demonstrated electronic
game was created in 1950.
Bertie the Brain was an arcade game of tic-tac-toe, built by Josef
Kates for the 1950 Canadian National Exhibition

5. BUT, WHY CONSOLES WHEN WE HAVE PCS?
At its core, a video game console is a highly specialized computer. In fact, most
systems are based on the same central processing units (CPUs) used in many
desktop computers. To keep the cost of the video game system within
reasonable limits, most manufacturers use a CPU that has been widely available
for long enough to undergo a significant decrease in cost.
And other practical points:
 Less expensive($400-$500 vs $1000)
 Faster
 No compatibility issues
 “Plug and Play”
 Multiple Players (easier)
“Specialization over Multi-Functionality”

6. FINALLY, WHEN DID IT ALL BEGIN?
The stage was set for the people who dreamt about gaming way
back in the early 1950s when a man named Ralph H Baer had an
idea of building up a home video game. And, the rest is history…

7. PAST
“THE ORIGIN”
(1972)

8. 1. MAGNAVOX ODYSSEY (1972) :-
Manufacturer: Sanders Associates, Magnavox
Features: Switches, Simple Graphics
Major Points:
+ First home game console
- Poor marketing
2. ATARI 2600 (1977) :-
Manufacturer: Atari
Features: Joystick controllers, Game cartridges
Major Points:
+ Use of microprocessor-based hardware
- Expensive
- Less powerful MOS technology (6507 vs 6502)

9. 3. MAGNAVOX ODYSSEY²/PHILIPS ODYSSEY² (1978) :-
Manufacturer: Magnavox, Philips
Features: Full keyboard (for educational games, selecting
options, programming)
Major Points:
+ Speech synthesis unit
- Graphics and lesser color choices
4. INTELLIVISION (1980) :-
Manufacturer: Mattel Electronics
Features: Tile based playfield(More graphics, less RAM),
Downloadable Games, Real-time voices
Major Points:
+ Mechanically reliable
- Difficult Control System

10. THE GREAT VIDEO GAME CRASH OF 1983
Major Reasons:
• Increase in demand for the home computers.
• Poor quality of video and graphics.
• Too many consoles! (Market Saturation)
• And, too many (Bad) games!
So, next? What happened?
“The Rise Of The
Planet Of Consoles”

11. 5. NINTENDO ENTERTAINMENT SYSTEM (1983) :-
Manufacturer: Nintendo
Features: Licensed third-party game developers, Pad controller,
8-bit
Major Points:
+ Revitalized the gaming market
- Cartridge slot design
6. SEGA GENESIS/MEGADRIVE (1988) :-
Manufacturer: Sega
Features: Power Base Converter, 16-bit
Major Points:
+ Attractive marketing
- NES’s domination

12. 7. GAME BOY & GAME BOY COLOR (1989, 1998) :-
Manufacturer: Nintendo
Features: Handheld, Color Screen(GBC)
Major Points:
+ Clever marketing (Tetris)
+ Battery life and Hardware
- Less advanced than its competitors
8. SUPER NINTENDO ENTERTAINMENT SYSTEM (1990) :-
Manufacturer: Nintendo
Features: Advanced graphics and sound
Major Points:
+ Variety of enhancement chips
- Slower CPU
- Late start, Fierce competition

13. 9. PLAYSTATION (1994) :-
Manufacturer: Sony
Features: 32 bit, CD-ROMs (Both Music & Audio)
Major Points:
+ CD Production Facilities
+ New approach to third party developers
- Early hardware issues
10. NINTENDO 64 (1996) :-
Manufacturer: Nintendo
Features: 64-bit, Realistic gameplay, Pressure-sensitive controller
Major Points:
+ Variety of enhancement chips
- Lack of games
- Choice of cartridge medium

14. PRESENT
“THE GENERATION”
(THE 21ST CENTURY)

15. LET THE CONSOLE WARS BEGIN!

16. FIRST, A LOOK AT WHAT DEVICES
MOST FREQUENT GAMERS USE
SMARTPHONE
36%
DEDICATED CONSOLE
53%
PC
56%
DEDICATED HANDHOLD SYSTEM
17%
WIRELESS DEVICE
31%
Smartphone Dedicated Console PC Dedicated Handhold System Wireless Device

17. 1. SONY PLAYSTATION 2 (2000) :-
Features: Backwards Compatibility,
DVD-ROMs, Online functionality,
Vibration feedback controllers
Major Points:
+ More than 3874 Games
+ Branding, Graphics
- Manufacturing issues
- Unofficial Modchips
2. MICROSOFT XBOX (2001) :-
Features: Built-in HDD, HDTV, Dolby
Digital Encoding,
Major Points:
+ Graphically powerful
+ Advanced Online Gaming (Xbox Live)
- More bulky, large and heavy i.e. Size

18. 4. SONY PLAYSTATION 3 (2006) :-
Features: Social Gaming (PlayStation
Network), Blu-ray disc, Remote connectivity,
“Move” controller
Major Points:
+ Higher Specs
+ “Slim” model
- High Price
- Complex Architecture
3. MICROSOFT XBOX 360 (2005) :-
Features: “Kinect” Camera, PC-like, More
Multimedia
Major Points:
+ High-profile games over competitors
+ Powerful Processor
- Early high failure rate
- Lacks Architecture

19. But Nintendo had other plans…
5. NINTENDO WII (2006) :-
Features: Wii Remote, “WiiConnect24”, “Virtual Console”
Major Points:
+ Fun gaming experience, physically demanding
+ Cheaper
- Technical and Legal issues
- Lesser graphics
6. NINTENDO WII U (2012) :-
Features: HD Graphics, GamePad, Backward Compatibility, Nintendo Network
Major Points:
+ Multi-functional Gamepad (Both controller and portable device)
- Weak User Interface, Software library and Functionality
- Battery Life

20. 7. SONY PLAYSTATION 4 (2013) :-
Features: AMD APU (most powerful), Off-console
(PS Vita), Improved controller, HDR10, 4K, VR
Major Points:
+ Independent Game Development
+ Significant Performance Domination
+ Acknowledging customer needs
- Lack of software features and media support
- Underutilizing touch pad

21. 8. MICROSOFT XBOX ONE (2013) :-
Features: Redesigned controller (Directional
Haptic Feedback) , Cloud computing, “Kinect 2.0”,
Off-console (local network), Live television, HDR10,
4K
Major Points:
+ Controller design
+ Multimedia features
+ Voice navigation
- Initial poor user interface

22. 7. NINTENDO SWITCH (2017) :-
Features: Wireless Joy-con controllers
Major Points:
+ Multi-functionality
+ Customizable play-styles (Handheld, TV)
- Manufacturing Issues
- Limited software features
- Limited number of games

23. CONSOLE SPECS COMPARED:
Xbox One X PlayStation Pro Switch
CPU
1.6GHz 8-core AMD custom
“Jaguar” CPU
2.1GHz 8-core AMD custom
“Jaguar” CPU
1020MHz Nvidia custom Tegra
SOC
GPU
Integrated AMD graphics
clocked at 800MHz with 1.84
teraflops of performance
Integrated AMD Polaris
graphics with 4.2 teraflops of
performance
768MHz (docked)/307.2MHz
(undocked) Nvidia custom Tegra
SOC
RAM 8GB GDDR5 8GB GDDR5 4GB
Storage
500GB (5,400rpm) hard drive.
Storage drive can be swapped
1TB
32GB. Storage can be expanded
via MicroSD card.
Dimensions 11x10x1.5 inches 12.8x11.6x2.1 inches
4x6.8x2.1 inches/4x9.4x.54
inches (with Joy-Con attached)
Weight 4.6 pounds 7.2 pounds
.72 pounds/.87 pounds (with Joy-
Con controllers attached)
Optical Drive Blu-ray/DVD Blu-ray/DVD NA
Integrated Display NA NA
6.2-inch 1280x720 resolution
multi-touch capacitive display
4K Support No Yes No

24. GAME CONSOLES ARE MORE THAN JUST GAMING

25. FUTURE
“THE NEW REALITY”
(2018-)

26. THE POSSIBILITIES

27. VALUE OF GAMING MARKET IN INDIA
30.8
37.2
44.2
52.2
60.7
71
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2016 2017 2018* 2019* 2020* 2021*

28. THE INDIAN GAMING MARKET
Some important points:
• 51% of game development is done in India as outsourcing
from US
• Only few colleges in India offer game development
courses
• Indian gaming continues to make significant
contributions to the US!
Future aspects:
• We have resources but we need quantity before quality:
In 2 years, we need more than 10000 people in the
industry!

29. THE CONCLUSION
So, when only two people standing in front of you, could gather so
much information in just a few days about this topic,
JUST IMAGINE
what a country consisting of 1.2 B can think, work and MAKE!
The Future is YOUth!
Thank You
- A Sai Krishna and N Roopsai