This is a presentation I delivered in Feb 2019 regarding my book "Blockchain Guida all'Ecosistema" https://amzn.to/2EejKKn (ebook) https://amzn.to/2EbELW7 (paperback).

1. 1
The blockchain ecosystem
Feb, 2019
Nicola Attico

2. 2
Agenda
• Background ideas
• Blockchain 1.0
• Blockchain 2.0
• Blockchain Ecosystems
• Web 3.0

3. 33
Background ideas

4. 4
Models in comparison
Centralized
(one node to rule
them all)
Distributed
(multiple nodes
with distribution
of work)
Decentralized
(connected peers)

5. 5
Example of Centralized
10,000 USD 33,000 USD
GIVE 1,000 USD

6. 6
Example of Centralized
9,000 USD 34,000 USD

7. 7
Nasdaq vs Bitcoin
.IXIC BTC

8. 8
Symmetric cryptography

9. 9
Asymmetric cryptography
• Encryption
• Hashing
• Digital Signature

10. 10
Private and public keys

11. 1111
Blockchain 1.0

12. 12
Blockchain 1.0
5 BTC
BLOCKCHAIN
3 BTC
GIVE 1.5 BTC

13. 13
Blockchain 1.0
3.5 BTC
BLOCKCHAIN
4.5 BTC

14. 14
Chain of blocks

15. 15
Ledger of Transactions
• Tamper resistant
• Transparent
• Not repudiable
• Append-only
• Decentralized

16. 1616
Blockchain 2.0

17. 17
Component of a Blockchain
APPLICATION
CONSENSUS
P2P NETWORK
Underlying network of nodes
Can be permissionless/permissioned
Algorithm to achieve consensus on transactions
Make the P2P network behave as a whole
Programmable layer
Only for Blockchain 2.0

18. 18
Blockchain classification
Public Private
PermissionlessPermissioned
Anyone can operate a validator node,
and anyone can use the blockchain for
transactions. Ex: Bitcoin, Ethereum
Anyone can use the blockchain, but the
execution of a validator node requires
authorization. Stellar and Ripple fall in
this category, and in a different way EOS
where the validator nodes are subject to
public voting token holders
Validator nodes are operated by the
company or by the consortium and
access to the blockchain for the use of
the services is limited

19. 19
Which blockchain?
Public Private
PermissionlessPermissioned
• “Bitcoin”
• Ethereum
• IOTA
• EOS
• TRON
• Ripple
• Stellar
• TON (wip)
• Hyperledger Fabric
• Quorum
• Tindermint
• R3 Corda

20. 20
Blockchain 2.0
20 ETH
BLOCKCHAIN
700 ETH

21. 21
Blockchain 2.0
ETHEREUM
Smart Contracts
Smart Contract are autonomous programs that are loaded on the blockchain
The most well known language for Smart Contract is Solidity (javascript)
Smart contract contains logic as well as a data model, and related data

22. 22
Blockchain 2.0
ETHEREUM
Token Escrow
Insuranc
e
Trade Auction
Real
estate
Crowd
funding
Smart Contracts can execute agreements between parties as well as more general processes and
applications
Examples of Smart Contract from different disciplines are listed below
The first mention of Smart Contract predates blockchains (Nick Sazbo)

23. 23
Blockchains in short
• P2P network
• Wallet
• Mining
• Private/Public key accounts
• Native currency
• Payments
• API
• P2P network
• Wallet
• Consensus algorithm
• Private/Public key accounts
• Native currency
• Payments
• API
• Smart Contracts
• Untamperable Data Storage
• Dapps Browser
• Dapps
Blockchain 1.0 Blockchain 2.0

24. 24
Blockchain 2.0
ETHEREUM
Smart Contract
Blockchain Browser
API
web3.js
Browser can connect to local or remote nodes
• Traditional browser + Metamask
• Blockchain enabled browser

25. 25
What is a Dapp? (today)
API
Browser
libraries
Metamask
Application-Front End
Application-Back End
ETHEREUM
API
IPFS
Off-chain
Today’s decentralized applications
are an hybrid of decentralized and
centralized (traditional web)
architecture

26. 26
Dapps Layers
Blockchain is a decentralized global
platform for application/processes
All application are interconnected
No one owns the platform
Users have unque identities across all
Dapps
Dapp1
Dapp2
Dapp3
Dapp1
Dapp1
Dapp1’

27. 27
Blockchain enabled Apps
On-chain layer
Organization_1 Organization_2 Organization_3
Smart contracts
Shared data and
functions

28. 28
Interaction of Dapps on the Blockchain
NowDapp
Consortium
NowDapp
Consortium
Prediction
Market
Supply
Chain
Voting
External
World
Blockchain

29. 29
Finance
Insurance
Energy
Supply Chain
Manufacturing
Healthcare
Real Estate
Legal Svcs
Government
Advertisement
Art
Education
Fungibletokens
Non-fungibletokens
Provenance
SelfSovereignIdentity
Reputation
Data
ExchangesandTrades
AutonomousProcesses
Auctions
SelfexecutingContracts
FractionalOwnership
Escrow
Staking
FinancialInstruments
Voting
Crowdsourcing
DAO

30. 30
ICOs
Cumulative Total value

31. 31
Coindesk ICO Tracker

32. 32

33. 33
Post blockchains (IOTA)
DAG

34. 3434
Ecosystem

35. 3535
Ecosystem > Financial Instruments

36. 36
Currency
Stable Coins Security CoinsJust Coins

37. 37
Payments

38. 38
Exchange
DecentralizedCentralized

39. 39
Market depth

40. 40

41. 4141
Ecosystem > Business Applications

42. 42
Supply Chain

43. 43
Real Estate
• Streamline process
• Fractional ownership

44. 44
Energy
• Peer to peer energy exchange
• Prosumers

45. 45
Advertisement

46. 46
Gaming

47. 47
Art

48. 48
Digital Markets

49. 49
Social Media
Steepshot

50. 5050
Web 3.0

51. 51
Web 1 & 2
Web 1.0, CERN, circa 1990 Web 2.0, Tim O’Reilly, 2000+

52. 52
Web 3
Browser
APIs
Blockchain File Data Computing Oracles
Peer-to-peer network
Internet
SelfSovereignIdentity
Outside world

53. 53
Decentralized File System

54. 54
Decentralized DB

55. 55
Self Sovereign Identity
Zoho’s Triangle

56. 56
Browsers & other interfaces
Ethereum
Wallet/Browser
MyEthereumWallet
MyCrypto
Multicurrencies/
Mobile

57. 57
Oracles

58. 58
Blockchain computing

59. 59
Full 3.0 projects

60. 6060
More use cases (more innovation)

61. 61
Prediction Markets

62. 62
Data & AI
Solid/Inrupt POD

63. 63
Voting
Pirate
Party

64. 64
DAOs

65. 65
DAO

66. 66
Thank you
February, 2019
Nicola Attico