A Prayas session on Trip to Sikkim by Mr. Argya Bhar on 8th of April.

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Wednesday Work-out session – 8th April 2015
Presented By – Arghya Bhar

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Sikkim is a landlocked Indian state located in the Himalayan mountains. The state
is bordered by Nepal to the west, China's Tibet Autonomous Region to the north
and east, and Bhutan to the east. The Indian state of West Bengal lies to the
south.
With 6,10,577 inhabitants as of the 2011 census, Sikkim is the least populous
state in India and the second-smallest state after Goa in total area, covering
approximately 7,096 km2 (2,740 sq mi). Sikkim is nonetheless geographically
diverse due to its location in the Himalayas; the climate ranges from subtropical to
high alpine, and Kangchenjunga, the world's third-highest peak, is located on
Sikkim's border with Nepal. Sikkim is a popular tourist destination, owing to its
culture, scenery and biodiversity. It also has the only open land border between
India and China. Sikkim's capital and largest city is Gangtok.
According to legend, the Buddhist guru Padmasambhava visited Sikkim in the 8th
century AD, introduced Buddhism and foretold the era of the Sikkimese monarchy.
Sikkim's Namgyal dynasty was established in 1642. Over the next 150 years, the
kingdom witnessed frequent raids and territorial losses to Nepalese invaders. In
the 19th century, it allied itself with British India, eventually becoming a British
protectorate. In 1975, a referendum abolished the Sikkimese monarchy, and the
territory was merged with India.
Sikkim has 11 official languages: Nepali (which is its lingua franca), Sikkimese,
Lepcha, Tamang, Limbu, Newari, Rai, Gurung, Magar, Sunwar and English. English
is taught in schools and used in government documents. The predominant
religions are Hinduism and Vajrayana Buddhism. Sikkim's economy is largely
dependent on agriculture and tourism.

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Gangtok is a municipality, the capital
and the largest town of the Indian
state of Sikkim. It also is the
headquarters of the East Sikkim
district. Gangtok is located in the
eastern Himalayan range, at an
elevation of 1,650 m (5,410 ft).
Nestled within higher peaks of the
Himalaya and enjoying a year-round
mild temperate climate, Gangtok is
at the centre of Sikkim's tourism
industry.
The precise meaning of the name
Gangtok is unclear, though the most
popular meaning is "hill top". Today,
Gangtok is a centre of Tibetan
Buddhist culture and learning, with
the presence of several monasteries,
religious educational institutions,
and centers for Tibetology.

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Rumtek was at the centre of the
Karmapa controversy with a lengthy
battle being played out in the Indian
courts. Two rival organisations, each
supporting a different candidate for
the 17th Karmapa, claimed
stewardship of the monastery and its
contents. The two organisations are
the Tsurphu Labrang (supporting
Ogyen Trinley Dorje) and the Karmapa
Charitable Trust (supporting Trinley
Thaye Dorje).
Neither candidate resides at Rumtek
since monks supporting Trinley Thaye
Dorje were thrown out of Rumtek by
Ogyen Trinley Dorje's followers. Since
1992, the monastery has been the site
of pitched battles between monks
supporting one candidate or the other.
Armed Indian soldiers still patrol the
monastery to prevent further
sectarian violence.

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According to the 2011 census South Sikkim
district has a population of 1,46,742 roughly
equal to the nation of Saint Lucia. This gives it a
ranking of 600th in India (out of a total of 640).
The district has a population density of 196
inhabitants per square kilometre (510/sq mi) .
Its population growth rate over the decade
2001-2011 was 11.57%. South Sikkim has a sex
ratio of 914 females for every 1000 males, and
a literacy rate of 82.06%.
The people are mainly of Nepali descent. Other
ethnic groups include the Lepcha and Bhutia
communities. Nepali is the most widely spoken
language in the district. It also is one of the
lowest populated regions of the state.

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Tsongmo Lake
Tsongmo Lake or Changu Lake
is a glacial lake in the East
Sikkim, India, some 40
kilometres (25 mi) away from
Gangtok at elevation of
3,780 m (12,400 ft). Average
depth 15 m (50 feet)
The road to Nathu La passes
the lake on north side. The
Chinese border crossing is only
some 5 kilometres (3.1 mi)
east-northeast in a straight
line, but some 18 kilometres
(11 mi) by road.
Nathu La
Nathu La is a mountain pass in
the Himalayas. It connects the
Indian state of Sikkim with
China's Tibet Autonomous
Region. The pass, at 4,310 m
(14,140 ft) above mean sea level
forms a part of an offshoot of
the ancient Silk Road. Nathu
means "listening ears" and La
means "pass" in Tibetan.On the
Indian side, the pass is 54 km
(34 mi) east of Gangtok, the
capital of Indian state of Sikkim.
Only citizens of India can visit
the pass, and then only after
obtaining a permit in Gangtok.
Baba Mandir
Major "Baba" Harbhajan Singh
(August 3, 1941 – September 11,
1967) was an Indian army soldier
who died near the Nathula Pass
in eastern Sikkim, India. He is
revered by soldiers of the Indian
army as the "Hero of Nathula"
and the army men have also built
a shrine in his honour. He has
been accorded the status of saint
by believers who refer to him as
the Baba (saintly father).

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Yumthang Valley
Yumthang Valley is a grazing pasture
surrounded by the Himalayan
mountains in the North Sikkim
district of Sikkim, India. It is at an
elevation of 3,564 metres (11,800)
above msl at a distance of 150 km
from the state capital Gangtok.
It is popularly known as 'Valley of
Flowers'. It is also home to the
Shingba Rhododendron Sanctuary,
and has over twenty-four species of
the rhododendron, the state flower.
A tributary of the river Teesta flows
past the valley and the town of
Lachung, the nearest inhabited
centre. Yumthang is closed between
December and March due to heavy
snowfall.
Gurudogmar Lake
Gurudogmar Lake is one of the highest
lakes in the world, located at an
altitude of 17,100 ft (5,210 m). It lies
in the district of North Sikkim in the
state of Sikkim in India, only some 5
kilometres (3.1 mi) south of Chinese
border. The lake can be reached by
road from Lachen via Thangu.

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Khecheopalri Lake
Khecheopalri Lake, originally known as
Kha-Chot-Palri (meaning the heaven of
Padmasambhava), is a sacred Lake for
both Buddhists and Hindus, which is
believed to be a wish fulfilling lake. It is
located near Khecheopalri village, 147
kilometres (91 mi) west of Gangtok and
34 kilometres (21 mi) to the northwest
of Pelling town in the West Sikkim
district of the Northeastern Indian state
of Sikkim. The local name for the lake is
Sho Dzo Sho, which means "Oh Lady, Sit
Here". The popularly known name of
the lake, considering its location is
Khecheopalri Lake, ensconced in the
midst of the Khechoedpaldri hill, which
is also considered a sacred hill.
Pelling
Pelling is a town in the district of West
Sikkim, India. Pelling is nestled at an
altitude of 2,150 m (7,200 feet). The
town is located at a distance of 10 km
from the district headquarters of
Geyzing. A regular bus service
connects the two towns. However
with the influx of tourists, the region is
undergoing a metamorphosis, with the
roads being repaired and hotels being
set up.
The Himalayas and the Kanchenjanga
may be viewed at close quarters from
Pelling. Pelling also forms the base
from where trekkers and other
peripatetic adventurers undertake the
strenuous and arduous treks in West
Sikkim. The land around Pelling is still
a virgin territory and is bathed with
alpine vegetation, with numerous
waterfalls lining the hillside..

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I am thankful to the Tenet Management to provide me this opportunity to
share my presentation with you through this Prayas Session.
I also pay my sincere thanks to my D40 DSLR Camera & the web world &
internet based publications that I could have shared their Videos (Edited) and
Information for this knowledge sharing presentation.
Thank You
Arghya Bhar
8th April, 2015

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