1. Evolution
of
Computers

2. The Abacus
It was the earliest
calculating machine
probably originated
in China about
3,000 years ago.
In China it is also
known as Swan
Pan.

3.  It is consists of a rectangular
wooden frame with horizontal
rods.
 It is consist of several columns,
farthest to the right represent
‘ones’, the next one ‘tens the
hundreds and so on.’

4. John Napier
A mathematician,
developed a device
having a set of rods
made of bones.
 In 1964, John Napier
introduced Logarithms.

5. Blaise Pascal
He was a French
Mathematician born on
19th June 1623 at
Clermont- Ferrand.
He was only 19 years
old, when he invented a
calculating machine called
Pascaline.

6. Analog Computer
These are fundamentally
different in principle from the
modern digital computers.
It is use in simple devices,
even they are mechanically
complicated.

7. Joseph- Marie
Jacquard (1752-1834)
He introduced a
new weaving loom in
1805.
The Jacquards
Weaving System
using punched card
attracted many
scientist.

8. Charles Babbage (1792-1871)
He was inspired by the punched Card
to idea, developed an idea of using
punched cards to input data.
He continued his efforts and put
forward an idea of a machine that
can do 60 calculations per second.
The Analytical Engine stamped the
foundation for modern computing.

9. The First Programmer
Ada Augusta
King (1815-1852)
The daughter of Lord
Byron, was the
personal assistant of
Charles Babbage.

10. She suggested binary data
storage and wrote the first
computer program for the
Analytical Engine.
The ADA software was named

11. George Boole (1815-1864)
He was self taught
English Mathematician.
His theory of Boolean
logic became fundamental
to the design of computer
circuitry.

12. Dr. Herman Hollerith
He developed punched card
system for storing and retrieving
data.
He also built the tabulating
machine to read the cards and
processing data.

13. He started Tabulated Machines
Companies in 1896.
In 1911 , this company became
the Computing Tabulating
Recording Company and now the
International Business machines,
simply IBM.

14. Digital Era
Claude Shannon
He suggested 1’s and 0’s of
binary systems can be
considered ‘ON’ and OFF
position of the flow of current.

15. Dr. John Vincent
Atanasoff
He built the first electronic
computer named Atanasoff
Berry Computer.

16. J. Presper Eckert and
John W illiam Mauchy
They developed general
purpose computer, Electronic
Numerical Integrator and
Calculator (ENIAC).
This computer has 1800 valves
consuming 100 kilowatts of
power and weighed several tons.

17. John Von Neuman
He introduced an idea of
entering the program of
instructions into the
machines for its procedures
as the numerical data is
entered.

18. Admiral Grace Hopper
She developed this idea and it
was designed and built by
Mauchy and Eckert. The first
commercial electronic digital
computer capable of using
stored programs was called
Universal Automatic Calculator
(UNIVAC).

19. Transistors
In 1947, computers entered
a second generation by the
introduction of transistors.
It was developed by the
American physicist William
Shockley.