Package-based Description Logics – Preliminary Results

Package-based Description Logics – Preliminary Results Jie Bao , Doina Caragea, Vasant Honavar Artificial Intelligence Research Laboratory Computer Science Department Iowa State University Ames, IA USA 50011 Email: baojie@cs.iastate.edu

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Modular Ontologies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

A Distributed Semantic Web Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, J., and Lassila, O. (2001).The semantic web. Scientific American, 284(5):34-43.

A COB Example Swine Cattle Chicken Horse Each group works on an ontology module for a particular species (according to the group’s best expertise) Collaborative building of an animal trait ontology that involves multiple research groups across the world

Ontology Languages Needed ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Modular Ontology Languages Today OWL 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 C-OWL CTXWL E-Connections Our approach DDL based ? (E-connection can also work other logics e.g. modal logic) P-DL (to be discussed at the WoMO workshop)

Modular Ontology Languages Today (2) ,[object Object],[object Object],PetOwner Pet owns ,[object Object],[object Object],Pet Animal Dog (onto) (into)

Expressivity Comparison [Baot et al. ASWC 2006]

Open problems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Package ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],General Pet Wild Livestock Animal ontology PetDog Pet Dog General

Package: Example O 1 (General Animal) O 2 (Pet) It uses ALCP, but not ALCP C

Ongoing work: Scope Limitation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],P 3 P 1 P 2 public private P 1 P 2 public private

Localized Semantics O 1 O 2 Animal I Carnivore I Dog I foo I Dog I Pet I PetDog I x eats I 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 DogFood I 2 Animal I 2

Semantics of Importing Animal I Carnivore I Dog I x foo I Dog I Pet I PetDog I x eats I 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 DogFood I 2 Animal I 2 Image domain relation O 1 O 2 importing

Global Interpretations ,[object Object],[object Object],Animal I Carnivore I Dog I I PetDog I x Pet I eats I g g g g g g foo I g DogFood I g

Partially Overlapped Model bijective (one-to-one) Transitive (Compositional consistent) Δ I 1 Δ I 2 x x’ C I 1 C I 2 r 12 Δ I 3 r 13 r 23 x’’ C I 3 x C I Global interpretation obtained from local Interpretations by merging shared individuals

P-DL Semantics Features ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Reasoning for Modular Ontology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Distributed Reasoning Chef: Hello there, children! Where does Kyle move to? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Stan: So they are far from us. Too Bad. Stan: Hey, Chef . Is Kyle’s new home far from us? Cartman: San Francisco, I guess.

Federated Reasoning for P-DL ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(1) (2) (3) (4)

ALCP C Expansion Example L 3 (x)={ A⊓  D ,  C⊔D A,  C,  D} Transitive Subsumption Propagation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],,  B T 3 x ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],r(x,  C ) x x r(x,A) T 2 T 1 L 2 (x)={  B⊔C  C ,  B} L 1 (x)={  A⊔B A , B } r(x,  B )  (x)  (x)  (x)

ALCP C Expansion Example (2) x 1 {A 1 } x 1 {B 1 } {A 3 } x 4 Local Reasoner for package A Local Reasoner for package B {A 2 } x 2 r A {B 2 } x 3 r B {B 3 } x 4 r B x 1 {A 1 ,B 1 } {A 2 } {A 3 ,B 3 } {B 2 } x 2 x 3 x 4 The (conceptual) global tableau r A r B r B

More complex situations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ongoing: Concealable Reasoning ,[object Object],[object Object],Queries Yes Unknown

Collaborative Ontology Building ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The COB Editor Pig Package Cattle Package Chicken Package http://sourceforge.net/projects/cob/

WikiOnt 2 (under development) A Wiki-based Ontology Editor with GUI Will be on http://sourceforge.net/projects/wikiont/

Main Contributions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ongoing work ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Publications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://boole.cs.iastate.edu:9090/popeye/Wiki.jsp?page=Academic.Basic.CV.Publication

Publications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

References (Related Work) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

SLM: example A schedule ontology Hidden: details of the activity Visible: there is an activity [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] Package Package Hierarchy Scope Limitation

DL Interpretation - Example Interpretation : In any world (or called model) that conforms to the ontology Ontology: Dog I Animal I ,[object Object],goofy I ,[object Object],eats I ,[object Object],DogFood I

Messages y y {C?} T 1 T 2 y y {C} C(y) T 1 T 2

Tableau Expansion Tableau Expansion for ALCP C with acyclic concept importing More expressive extensions in action: SHOIQ + P

Package-based Description Logics – Preliminary Results

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