1. Greek Art

2. Greek Art: GEOMETRIC PERIOD

3. Greek Sculpture KOUROS: Male KORE: Female

4. ARCHAIC PERIOD: ARCHAIC SMILE Greek Sculpture: KORE Figures

5. Greek Sculpture: KOUROS Figures (Severe style) CONTRAPPOSTO POSE

6. Classical Greek Sculpture

7. Pediment Sculptures: Temple of Zeus at Olympia Battle of the Lapiths and Centaurs ETHOS: Self-discipline; rational, intelligent, and controlled behavior; civilized. PATHOS: Spontaneous emotional reaction; irrational; anarchic.

8. SYMMETRIA: harmony; commensurability of the parts “ The Canon” Module The Doryphoros by Polykleitos

9. “ Man is the measure of all things.”—Protagoras (Greece; 400s BC) The Doryphoros by Polykleitos

10. Greek idealism: generic (the perfectibility of human nature) The Doryphoros by Polykleitos

11. RHYTHMOS: pattern of events Discus Thrower (Discobolus) by Myron

12. LARGE-SCALE BRONZE CASTING The simple lost-wax casting technique was inadequate for complex, life-sized figures, and a more sophisticated version was adopted, involving several steps. 1. A full-size clay model of statue fashioned out of clay.

13. LARGE-SCALE BRONZE CASTING 1. A full-size clay model of statue fashioned out of clay. 2. A clay mold was then created around the clay original; it was removed in sections, resulting in a several piece mold.

14. 3. The pieces of the mold for each body were reassembled, and wax was applied to the insides of these molds; when removed the result was a hollow wax model in the shape of the original clay sculpture. Since this clay model would be used in casting, final refinements and adjustments were made to it.

15. 4. Clay molded around exterior of the wax models for each part, and liquid clay was poured inside them to make hardened cores. Metal pins inserted to connect the clay outer layer to the clay core. OUTER LAYER OF CLAY  (INVESTMENT) HOLLOW WAX MODEL OF HEAD   CLAY CORE  METAL PINS (CHAPLETS)

16. 5. Assembly heated so that wax melts out. LAYER OF WAX MELTED  OUT, LEAVING AN EMPTY SPACE  METAL PINS HOLD THE CLAY CORE IN PLACE WITHIN THE OUTER LAYER OF CLAY, PRESERVING THE HOLLOW CHANNEL

17. 6. Molten bronze poured into the hollow channel.  MOLTEN BRONZE

18. 6. Molten bronze poured into the hollow channel. 7. When the bronze hardens, the outer layer of clay and as much of the inner core as possible are removed, leaving final bronze versions of the individual body parts, which were fitted together and soldered.  MOLTEN BRONZE

19. Inlays added: Lips: copper   Nipples: copper  Eyes: stone  Teeth: silver

20. Greek Architecture The Parthenon, Athens, c.440 BC

21. Greek Architecture: Architectural Orders DORIC ORDER IONIC ORDER No base   Base Plain capital   Capital with volutes

22. Ionic: Volutes Corinthian: Acanthus leaves Greek Architecture: Architectural Orders

23. Greek Architecture: Athens--Acropolis ACROPOLIS: “ Acro Polis” (High City)

24. Athena Promachos Salamis Greek Architecture: Athens—Acropolis PROPYLAEIA by MNISIKLES

25. Greek Architecture: Athens—Acropolis TEMPLE OF ATHENA NIKE (Victory) by KALLIKRATES  Nike Figures

26. Parthenon  Greek Architecture: Athens—Acropolis THE PARTHENON by IKTINOS and KALLIKRATES

27. Parthenon (Athens): 8 by 17 L = 2W+1: 17 = 2(8)+1 Greek Architecture: Temple Plans

28. VITRUVIUS If the platform is straight: The human eye perceives it like this: _____________ (slight dip—a few inches—in the center) PARTHENON 

29.   Because the columns on the corners are seen against a lighter back ground (sunlight), to the human eye they will appear thinner. VITRUVIUS

30. Greek Architecture: Athens—Acropolis THE PARTHENON: Visual tension, organic (?)

31. Greek Architecture: Athens—Acropolis THE PARTHENON: Frieze Frieze  Parthenon frieze: PANATHENAIC PROCESSION “ Pan Athenaic” (all Athens)

32. Greek Architecture: Athens—Acropolis THE PARTHENON: Panathenaic Procession

33. Greek Architecture: Athens—Acropolis THE PARTHENON: Panathenaic Procession

34. Greek Architecture: Athens—Acropolis THE PARTHENON: Panathenaic Procession Peplos 

35.  Erectheion Greek Architecture: Athens—Acropolis THE ERECTHEION

36. Greek Architecture: Athens—Acropolis THE ERECTHEION: Caryatids

37. PRAXITELES SKOPAS LYSIPPOS Greek Sculpture: 300s BC

38. Bust of Alexander the Great (after an original by Lysippos)

39. “ Hellenistic:” In the style of the Greeks (spread of Greek culture to non-Greek lands)

40. Mosaic (from Pella, Macedonia) TESSERAE: The individual chips in a mosaic

41. Ephesus

42. Pergamon: Acropolis—ALTAR OF ZEUS Giants: Primeval, cthonic monsters “ Gigantomachy”

43. Pergamon: ASCLEPION Asclepius: Healing god

48. Destroyed—Christians, 401 AD SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD: TEMPLE of ARTEMIS at EPHESUS