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Ecosystem science requirements for uas remote sensing
- 1. What can UAS Remote Sensing do for ecology? Ben Sparrow Ausplots Director Ben.Sparrow@adelaide.edu.au www.ausplots.org.au With help from Peter Scarth
- 3. Remote Sensor Ecologist Did I tell you about our latest UAS? It has 2.4Ghz spread spectrum, accelerator, gimbal, gyroscope inertial control system to take care of pitch roll and yaw, LiPo batteries, collecting true colour, IR, Hyperspectral and Lidar imagery! (Eyes Glaze over)….. Er Cool – Can it tell me how much vegetation cover there is? Error! What are the Problems? Translation problem
- 5. +
- 6. Google images search: ”Technology looking for an application.”
- 8. R. L. Ackoff, (1989) “From data to wisdom”, Journal of Applied Systems Analysis, vol. 16, pp. 3-9. Rowley, J. (2007) The wisdom hierarchy: representations of the DIKW hierarchy. Journal of Information Science. 33:163-180. This is what we (as Remote Sensors) like! This is where we make a difference! Knowledge and Wisdom allow us to affect positive change Changes in management Real world outcomes
- 9. Model Development & Operationalisation Research & Informatics to measure, model, evaluate Extension & Outreach & Collaborative learning GAPS
- 10. Model Development & Operationalisation Research & Informatics to measure, model, evaluate Extension & Outreach & Collaborative learning Scalable, Understandable Platform Flexible, Responsive Delivery
- 11. Don’t care about the platform
- 12. Or what is under the bonnet ( The Tech Specs)
- 13. But we do want “Oh, what a feeling!” because it “Just Works” and “Doesn’t Break”
- 14. Not interested in processing steps
- 15. Remove technical complexity (the Collinearity Equations give us nightmares)
- 16. Don’t make life harder in the field!
- 17. A “good” Remote sensing journal (RSE) search for “UAS” A “Good”methods based Ecology Journal search for “UAS” Pls refer to Arko’s far more robust analysis.
- 18. Homework 1. Befriend an ecologist 2. Ask them what information that they need 3. Give it to them! (Give the customer what they want/need - or better still actively collaborate)
- 20. Eyre, T.J., Fisher, A., Hunt, L.P. & Kutt, A.S. (2011) Measure it to better manage it: a biodiversity monitoring framework for the Australian rangelands. The Rangeland Journal, 33, 239-253. All types of monitoring valid & Important All need to work together for optimum results I’ll focus on Surveillance monitoring And it’s interaction with landscape monitoring Because • Know more about it • Provides a huge range of opportunities for UAS – needs information that is needed that you are well placed to provide!
- 21. NOT Because we want to know if there is a problem, but we don’t have the resources to have the fire department everywhere all the time!
- 22. Ausplots • Standardised method and data delivery • Continental in scale • Samples all environments • Wide range of variables sampled • Collected in a RS friendly way • Wide range in Surveillance information needs • Desire to future proof. • www.ausplots.org.au
- 23. So what is the Pull? What DO ecologists need? What opportunities does that provide UAS? / Ecology: The study of the distribution, abundance and interactions of organisms • What is it? • Where is it? • How much of it is there? • What condition is it in? • Composition • Function • Structure
- 24. So what are the Opportunities for UAS?
- 25. Opportunities UAS ability to have Rapid revisit times Provides a flexibility to meet timely needs not available at the same scale in the same time periods Capture events as they are happening e.g Fires, Flood and Crop disease Short term change - Lower information content than field based survey, but also lower time of acquisition and hence $$
- 26. Opportunities More frequent re-visits in the context of surveillance monitoring - We’ll only be able to afford to collect field data at our sites ~ 1x per decade - UAS can provide less information content (Overall cover v’s cover per species) , but more frequently ( Every year or two) in a cheaper and more rapid way
- 27. Opportunities Patterns at the scale of the site – EG SASMDD0001
- 28. Opportunities Info on Micro-topography – has a big influence on vegetation patterning
- 29. Opportunities Information on Vegetation Structure / Height Lots of examples over the past few days – Witnessed it being done with LEGO inside an hour and a half!
- 30. Opportunities Upscaling From Our good quality field data – Truth To UAS data To regional products And Continental And Global
- 31. Opportunities Easy to use? Consider this a challenge! It’s not dead – It’s just resting!
- 32. Opportunities An opportunity to move from a research to an operational focus. A Maturity challenge - Right on the cusp now? - Getting the final polish right can take a while Has the opportunity to be cost effective if full cost calculated and operationalised.
- 33. Opportunities Future proof – The ability to re-process the data into the future as new techniques become available True chance to be X disciplinary A wise man once told me “That truly novel discoveries are more likely to occur where disciplines interact” UAS + RS+ Ecology will provide the best outcomes.
- 34. Opportunities An Opportunity to be influential – Affect on ground outcomes Make the world a better place
- 35. Currently problems But There is also a strong need A strong need creates great opportunities. Great opportunities sometimes need a little encouragement…
Notas del editor
- Building flexible and responsive processing and delivery systems is key to getting information used by researchers, policy agents and the public There are typically three distinct processes we tackle to get product uptake: undertake research, operationalise the validated research, and deliver information and garner feedback in an appropriate way. In many cases however, the gaps between these process elements are large and lead to poor outcomes. Good research may be “lost” and not adopted, There may be resistance to uptake by government or NGOs of significantly better operational products based on open data Lack of accessibility means that there is no use of interactive science outputs to improve cross disciplinary science or to start a dialog with citizens. So one of the the most important tasks, if we wish to have broad uptake of spatial information and accelerate further research, is to link these processes together in a formal but flexible way.
- One of the ways to operationalize research output is by building a platform that can take research code and scale it across much larger areas. In remote sensing, this is typically a system that has access to current and historical corrected imagery with a processing pipeline built over the top. To reduce the demand on high level scientific programmers and allowing cross disciplinary researchers to hack and play and refine, this pipeline needs to be easy to use, collaborative and link to existing tools to encourage code experimentation and reuse. It is also critical to have efficient, tight integration with information delivery and extension components so that the science relevant to your user is available quickly and efficiently. The rapid expansion of open data licensing has helped this process, but building top-down web portals and tools without flexibility and regard for end user needs has limited the use of earth observation information in many areas. And if you get these gaps filled, the parts talking to each other, then the science becomes much more broadly applicable. Others can pick up the outputs in the location and format they need, integrate them in their work and build on them.