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Wild Triticum and Aegilops Species: A Mine of Rust Resistance Genes for Future Harvest
1. Wild
Tri$cum
and
Aegilops
species:
A
mine
of
rust
resistance
genes
for
future
harvest
Parveen
Chhuneja
School
of
Agricultural
Biotechnology
Punjab
Agricultural
University
Ludhiana
3. s
Primary
gene
pool
Secondary
gene
pool
TerDary
gene
pool
v all
diploid
and
tetraploid
Tri$cum
&
Aegilops
species
with
A,
B,
&
D
genomes
v landraces,
early
domesDcates
v wild
species
that
hybridize
directly
with
the
culDvated
" tetraploid
species
with
one
genome
common
with
wheat
" diploid
S-‐genome
species
from
Aegilops
secDon
Sitopsis
all
non-‐progenitor
diploid
&
tetraploid
species
Wheat
Gene
Pools
9. Species
Acc.
Seedling
ReacDon
Leaf
Rust
Stripe
Rust
77
77-‐1
77-‐2
104-‐1
K
M
Ae.
geniculata
3514
R
R
R
R
S
S
3547
R
R
R
R
R
S
3565
R
R
R
R
S
S
5507
R
R
-‐
-‐
R
R
Ae.
triuncialis
3549
R
R
R
R
R
S
3621
-‐
R
R
R
R
R
3669
S
R
S
R
S
R
Ae.
longissima
3770
S
R
R
R
R
R
3819
S
-‐
R
-‐
S
R
3821
R
R
-‐
-‐
R
S
Ae.
tauschii
3737
S
R
S
X
R
R
3748
-‐
R
R
R
R
R
3749
-‐
R
R
R
R
R
T.
urartu
5319
S
R
S
-‐
R
R
5343
R
R
R
R
S
S
5357
S
-‐
S
-‐
R
R
5360
R
S
S
S
S
R
Variability for rust resistance in different wild species
12. 0
20
40
60
Accessions
ReacDon
type
NON
PROGENITOR
SPECIES
T.
boeo$cum
T.
monococcum
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0
TR
20MR
20S
Accession
ReacDon
Type
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0
TR
5MR
10MR
20MR
40S-‐60S
Accessions
ReacDon
type
T.
dicoccoides
13. UDlizaDon
of
wild
species
in
wheat
for
disease
resistance
Disease
Total
genes
catalogued
From
alien
sources
Leaf
rust
71
32
Stripe
rust
53
25
Stem
rust
57
24
Powdery
mildew
47
26
CCN
10
8
McIntosh
et
al.
2012
14. Alien
introgressions:
Some
Case
Studies
" 5M
of
Ae.
geniculata:
resistance
genes
for
all
the
three
rusts
" Homoeologous
gp.
5:
Distal
region
" Ae.
triuncialis:
A
single
accession
carry
resistance
for
mulDple
diseases
" A
genome
species:
source
of
mulDple
resistance
15. 5M
chromosome
of
Ae.
geniculata
acc.
pau3547
have
genes
for
leaf
rust,
stripe
rust
and
stem
rust
resistance
Lr57
Yr40
Lr57
Yr40
Lr57
Yr40
Sr53
16. BS
Gill,
WGGRC
Sr53
in
spontaneous
translocaDon
stocks
with
reduced
alien
chromaDn
-‐
Liu
et
al.
2011
17. 5US
chromosome
of
Ae.
umbellulata
carries
closely
linked
leaf
rust
and
stripe
rust
resistance
genes
*YrU0.0
*LrU0.7
*Lr57-Yr40CAPS4.6
*Xgwm1909.1
*Xwmc805c32.8
5DS
Disease
RILs
Stripe
rust
Total
HR
H
HS
Leaf
rust
HR
113
7
3
123
H
0
11
1
12
HS
0
1
106
107
Total
113
19
110
242
Leaf
rust
reacDon
in
the
mapping
populaDon
IL373
IL403
Resistant
RILs
PBW343
WL711
SuscepDble
RILs
18. 5CS
chromosome
of
Ae.
caudata
carries
closely
linked
leaf
rust
and
stripe
rust
resistance
genes
Stage
Resistant
Susceptible
T o t a l
plants
χ2(3:1)
Seedling
208
78
286
0.79
Adult plant
206
78
284
0.92
5DS
19. Leaf
rust
and
Stripe
rust
resistance
genes
on
5DS
from
three
different
alien
genomes-‐M,
U
&
C
*YrU0.0
*LrU0.7
*Lr57-Yr40CAPS4.6
*Xgwm1909.1
*Xwmc805c32.8
5DS
Ae.
geniculata
Ae.
umbellulata
Ae.
caudata
Lr57/Yr40
Lr57-‐Yr40
LrU,
YrU
LrC,
YrC
20. Wheat-Ae. triuncialis substitution line-DS5U(5A)
5U
chromosome
carries
genes
for
" A
leaf
rust
resistance-‐slow
rusDng
" A
powdery
mildew
resistance
gene
" A
CCN
resistance
gene
Single
Accession
of
Ae.
triuncialis
acc.
pau
3549
carries
two
leaf
rust,
powdery
mildew,
CCN
and
KB
resistance
genes
21. Ae. triuncialis addition line for chromosome 2U/2C: KB, leaf
rust and powdery mildew resistance
Derivative
ID
Mean KB
%
KB Range Leaf rust Powdery
mildew
WL711 60.2 - 80S 9
PBW343 10.7 - 40S 9
2205 2.6 0-12.6 60S 1
2238 15.1 0-27.2 0 1
2288 2.3 0-13.2 0 0-3
2291 2.2 0-9.9 0 1
WL711 AT 2205 2238 2288 2291
AT
PBW343
2288
BC1F3
24. Triticum boeoticum/ T. monococcum RIL population
" Leaf
rust
resistance
" Stripe
rust
resistance
" Karnal
bunt
resistance
" Cereal
cyst
nematode
resistance
" Powdery
mildew
resistance
" Single
vs
two
seeds
per
spikelet
" Many
Agronomic
traits
" Stem
rust
resistance
25. Disease
resistance
gene
segregaDon
in
T.
boeo(cum/T.
monococcum
RILs
Disease
ReacDon
in
parental
accession
SegregaDon
in
RILs
CulDvated
Germplasm
Leaf
rust
Resistance
Both
parents
resistant
No
segregaDon;
Both
parents
have
same
gene
(s)
WL711,
PBW343
Stripe
rust
Resistance
Both
parents
resistant
Two
gene;
One
gene
from
each
parent
WL711,
PBW343
Stem
rust
Resistance
Both
parents
resistant
No
segregaDon;
Both
parents
have
Sr22
WL711
Powdery
mildew
resistance
T.
boeoDcum
resistant
Two
genes;
Both
genes
from
Tb
PBW343
Cereal
cyst
nematode
resistance
T.
monococcum
resistant
Two
genes;
Both
genes
from
Tm
4x
&
6x
background
30. Challenges..
" SystemaDc
large
scale
evaluaDon
and
uDlizaDon
of
wild
species
" Restricted
RecombinaDon
" Linkage
Drag
" UDlizing
genomic
advances
for
precision
introgression
" Acceptance
of
alien
genes
by
breeders
31. OpportuniDes
" Huge
variaDon:
major
proporDon
unuDlized
" SNP
based
marker
pla`orms
and
sequencing
technologies:
lead
to
beber
germplasm
characterizaDon
and
uDlizaDon
" Chromosome
engineering:
understanding
Ph1
locus
" ComparaDve
Genomics
" Combined
efforts
of
cytogeneDcists,
molecular
biologists
and
breeders
required
for
idenDficaDon,
transfer
and
uDlizaDon
of
alien
genes
32. InternaDonal
Collaborators
Bikram
S
Gill,
KSU
Beat
Keller,
IPMB,
Zurich
Harbans
Bariana,
Australia
Cristobal
Uauy,
JIC,
UK
Brande
Wulff,
TSL,
UK
Funding
agencies:
Department
of
Biotechnology,
GOI,
India
USIF,
USA
SDC,
Switzerland
ICAR,
India
BMGF,
USA
Dr
HS
Dhaliwal