Enviar búsqueda
Cargar
Pharmacologic principles
•
Descargar como PPS, PDF
•
7 recomendaciones
•
1,495 vistas
Umair hanif
Seguir
Educación
Empresariales
Tecnología
Vista de diapositivas
Denunciar
Compartir
Vista de diapositivas
Denunciar
Compartir
1 de 49
Descargar ahora
Recomendados
1.route of administration dr.saranya
1.route of administration dr.saranya
Saranya Sasi
Knowledge about various nighantus
Knowledge about various nighantus
AYURVEDA
Sandhana kalpana by Dr.Bankimchandra
Sandhana kalpana by Dr.Bankimchandra
BankimJ1
Applied aspect of Rasa (PERCEPTION OF TASTE)
Applied aspect of Rasa (PERCEPTION OF TASTE)
Madhubala Gopinath
Dravyaguna Itihasa – Nighantu Parichaya
Dravyaguna Itihasa – Nighantu Parichaya
Madhubala Gopinath
API, AFI – AN OVERVIEW BY DR AJITH KUMAR
API, AFI – AN OVERVIEW BY DR AJITH KUMAR
DR AJITH KUMAR
Bhaishajya Ratnavali - review Dr.Saranya Sasi
Bhaishajya Ratnavali - review Dr.Saranya Sasi
Saranya Sasi
Parada dosha Naisargika
Parada dosha Naisargika
devayu
Recomendados
1.route of administration dr.saranya
1.route of administration dr.saranya
Saranya Sasi
Knowledge about various nighantus
Knowledge about various nighantus
AYURVEDA
Sandhana kalpana by Dr.Bankimchandra
Sandhana kalpana by Dr.Bankimchandra
BankimJ1
Applied aspect of Rasa (PERCEPTION OF TASTE)
Applied aspect of Rasa (PERCEPTION OF TASTE)
Madhubala Gopinath
Dravyaguna Itihasa – Nighantu Parichaya
Dravyaguna Itihasa – Nighantu Parichaya
Madhubala Gopinath
API, AFI – AN OVERVIEW BY DR AJITH KUMAR
API, AFI – AN OVERVIEW BY DR AJITH KUMAR
DR AJITH KUMAR
Bhaishajya Ratnavali - review Dr.Saranya Sasi
Bhaishajya Ratnavali - review Dr.Saranya Sasi
Saranya Sasi
Parada dosha Naisargika
Parada dosha Naisargika
devayu
marana
marana
dr.nimisha
The Concept of Pakshachedhana in Ayurveda Rasasastra
The Concept of Pakshachedhana in Ayurveda Rasasastra
Ebinuday
Review on Yogaratnakara
Review on Yogaratnakara
Kopila Adhikari
New and traditional ayurvedic dosage forms
New and traditional ayurvedic dosage forms
Nani Karnam Vinayakam
Arka kalpana - अर्क कल्पना
Arka kalpana - अर्क कल्पना
Dr Dinesh Rathod
Ausadh sevan kala
Ausadh sevan kala
Piya Chauhan
Sneha Kalpana : Its probable co-relation with Liposomal drug delivery System...
Sneha Kalpana : Its probable co-relation with Liposomal drug delivery System...
saumyagulati4
Veeryavaada
Veeryavaada
Ayurmitra Dr.KSR Prasad
Importance of naamrupa vigyan
Importance of naamrupa vigyan
AYURVEDA
Gmp ayurveda
Gmp ayurveda
dr.s.r.rajasthan ayurved university, jodhpur
Ratna varga
Ratna varga
AngelTension
Sadharana rasa
Sadharana rasa
KARTHIKA K.J
Kshetrikaranam
Kshetrikaranam
KARTHIKA K.J
Saviryata avadhi - SHELF LIFE in Ayurveda and Modern point of View
Saviryata avadhi - SHELF LIFE in Ayurveda and Modern point of View
Hariaumshree Nair
Rasa chikitisa
Rasa chikitisa
Nitika Rattan
concept of pratinidhi dravya.pptx
concept of pratinidhi dravya.pptx
SapnaMahant
Concept of Agni in Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya
Concept of Agni in Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya
Nitika Rattan
Ashtadasha samskara of parada part one.
Ashtadasha samskara of parada part one.
KARTHIKA K.J
KSHARA VARGA-Dr.MEENU SWAMINATH
KSHARA VARGA-Dr.MEENU SWAMINATH
Meenu Swaminath
Bhaishjya kalpana
Bhaishjya kalpana
Janardan Panday
BOLETÍN 2012-2013
BOLETÍN 2012-2013
Manuela Romera Salas
Bronchial embolisation to treat bleeding caused by chronic pulmonary aspergil...
Bronchial embolisation to treat bleeding caused by chronic pulmonary aspergil...
Graham Atherton
Más contenido relacionado
La actualidad más candente
marana
marana
dr.nimisha
The Concept of Pakshachedhana in Ayurveda Rasasastra
The Concept of Pakshachedhana in Ayurveda Rasasastra
Ebinuday
Review on Yogaratnakara
Review on Yogaratnakara
Kopila Adhikari
New and traditional ayurvedic dosage forms
New and traditional ayurvedic dosage forms
Nani Karnam Vinayakam
Arka kalpana - अर्क कल्पना
Arka kalpana - अर्क कल्पना
Dr Dinesh Rathod
Ausadh sevan kala
Ausadh sevan kala
Piya Chauhan
Sneha Kalpana : Its probable co-relation with Liposomal drug delivery System...
Sneha Kalpana : Its probable co-relation with Liposomal drug delivery System...
saumyagulati4
Veeryavaada
Veeryavaada
Ayurmitra Dr.KSR Prasad
Importance of naamrupa vigyan
Importance of naamrupa vigyan
AYURVEDA
Gmp ayurveda
Gmp ayurveda
dr.s.r.rajasthan ayurved university, jodhpur
Ratna varga
Ratna varga
AngelTension
Sadharana rasa
Sadharana rasa
KARTHIKA K.J
Kshetrikaranam
Kshetrikaranam
KARTHIKA K.J
Saviryata avadhi - SHELF LIFE in Ayurveda and Modern point of View
Saviryata avadhi - SHELF LIFE in Ayurveda and Modern point of View
Hariaumshree Nair
Rasa chikitisa
Rasa chikitisa
Nitika Rattan
concept of pratinidhi dravya.pptx
concept of pratinidhi dravya.pptx
SapnaMahant
Concept of Agni in Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya
Concept of Agni in Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya
Nitika Rattan
Ashtadasha samskara of parada part one.
Ashtadasha samskara of parada part one.
KARTHIKA K.J
KSHARA VARGA-Dr.MEENU SWAMINATH
KSHARA VARGA-Dr.MEENU SWAMINATH
Meenu Swaminath
Bhaishjya kalpana
Bhaishjya kalpana
Janardan Panday
La actualidad más candente
(20)
marana
marana
The Concept of Pakshachedhana in Ayurveda Rasasastra
The Concept of Pakshachedhana in Ayurveda Rasasastra
Review on Yogaratnakara
Review on Yogaratnakara
New and traditional ayurvedic dosage forms
New and traditional ayurvedic dosage forms
Arka kalpana - अर्क कल्पना
Arka kalpana - अर्क कल्पना
Ausadh sevan kala
Ausadh sevan kala
Sneha Kalpana : Its probable co-relation with Liposomal drug delivery System...
Sneha Kalpana : Its probable co-relation with Liposomal drug delivery System...
Veeryavaada
Veeryavaada
Importance of naamrupa vigyan
Importance of naamrupa vigyan
Gmp ayurveda
Gmp ayurveda
Ratna varga
Ratna varga
Sadharana rasa
Sadharana rasa
Kshetrikaranam
Kshetrikaranam
Saviryata avadhi - SHELF LIFE in Ayurveda and Modern point of View
Saviryata avadhi - SHELF LIFE in Ayurveda and Modern point of View
Rasa chikitisa
Rasa chikitisa
concept of pratinidhi dravya.pptx
concept of pratinidhi dravya.pptx
Concept of Agni in Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya
Concept of Agni in Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya
Ashtadasha samskara of parada part one.
Ashtadasha samskara of parada part one.
KSHARA VARGA-Dr.MEENU SWAMINATH
KSHARA VARGA-Dr.MEENU SWAMINATH
Bhaishjya kalpana
Bhaishjya kalpana
Destacado
BOLETÍN 2012-2013
BOLETÍN 2012-2013
Manuela Romera Salas
Bronchial embolisation to treat bleeding caused by chronic pulmonary aspergil...
Bronchial embolisation to treat bleeding caused by chronic pulmonary aspergil...
Graham Atherton
310 lecture 10
310 lecture 10
Gale Pooley
EN EL CAMPAMENTO ROMANO DE ROSINOS DE VIDRIALES (ZAMORA)
EN EL CAMPAMENTO ROMANO DE ROSINOS DE VIDRIALES (ZAMORA)
Manuela Romera Salas
Take Your Brand From Good To Great
Take Your Brand From Good To Great
Kantar
VISITA AL CTR
VISITA AL CTR
Manuela Romera Salas
The pitch
The pitch
salesianas2011
Magnolia Residences @ New Manila Quezon City
Magnolia Residences @ New Manila Quezon City
Norman Garcia
インターンシップ制度について
インターンシップ制度について
Yuichi Morito
اعمال
اعمال
SIG-Saudi Investment Group
18600656 866401020-m10 sp2012
18600656 866401020-m10 sp2012
maricarmenrodriguez
Hen 368 lecture 6 health care systems and institutions
Hen 368 lecture 6 health care systems and institutions
Gale Pooley
日本の中小企業のIT導入10年の振り返り
日本の中小企業のIT導入10年の振り返り
Yuichi Morito
Conhecer a China
Conhecer a China
Umberto Pacheco
17701178 681403038-m05 sp2012
17701178 681403038-m05 sp2012
maricarmenrodriguez
M17 2011
M17 2011
maricarmenrodriguez
How and what social media is being used in natural resource outreach presenta...
How and what social media is being used in natural resource outreach presenta...
Bill Layton
Brand equity: what's price got to do with it?
Brand equity: what's price got to do with it?
Kantar
Headache
Headache
Umair hanif
Reaching Younger Distance Learners through Technology & Social Media, Indones...
Reaching Younger Distance Learners through Technology & Social Media, Indones...
Dimas Prasetyo
Destacado
(20)
BOLETÍN 2012-2013
BOLETÍN 2012-2013
Bronchial embolisation to treat bleeding caused by chronic pulmonary aspergil...
Bronchial embolisation to treat bleeding caused by chronic pulmonary aspergil...
310 lecture 10
310 lecture 10
EN EL CAMPAMENTO ROMANO DE ROSINOS DE VIDRIALES (ZAMORA)
EN EL CAMPAMENTO ROMANO DE ROSINOS DE VIDRIALES (ZAMORA)
Take Your Brand From Good To Great
Take Your Brand From Good To Great
VISITA AL CTR
VISITA AL CTR
The pitch
The pitch
Magnolia Residences @ New Manila Quezon City
Magnolia Residences @ New Manila Quezon City
インターンシップ制度について
インターンシップ制度について
اعمال
اعمال
18600656 866401020-m10 sp2012
18600656 866401020-m10 sp2012
Hen 368 lecture 6 health care systems and institutions
Hen 368 lecture 6 health care systems and institutions
日本の中小企業のIT導入10年の振り返り
日本の中小企業のIT導入10年の振り返り
Conhecer a China
Conhecer a China
17701178 681403038-m05 sp2012
17701178 681403038-m05 sp2012
M17 2011
M17 2011
How and what social media is being used in natural resource outreach presenta...
How and what social media is being used in natural resource outreach presenta...
Brand equity: what's price got to do with it?
Brand equity: what's price got to do with it?
Headache
Headache
Reaching Younger Distance Learners through Technology & Social Media, Indones...
Reaching Younger Distance Learners through Technology & Social Media, Indones...
Similar a Pharmacologic principles
pharmacologic principles
pharmacologic principles
DENNIS MUÑOZ
Introduction Medication Administration
Introduction Medication Administration
Naveen Kumar Sharma
Pharmacology basic concept
Pharmacology basic concept
Dr Vinay Gupta
HISTORY pharmacology DRUG NOMENCLATURE CLINICAL TRIALS.PDF
HISTORY pharmacology DRUG NOMENCLATURE CLINICAL TRIALS.PDF
suniu
Introduction-Scope-of-Pharmacology.pdf
Introduction-Scope-of-Pharmacology.pdf
Paramita Saha
1_Midwifery_introduction_to_pharmacology_and_pharmacokinetics_2015.pptx
1_Midwifery_introduction_to_pharmacology_and_pharmacokinetics_2015.pptx
wakogeleta
Pharmacology basics principles
Pharmacology basics principles
Muhammadasif909
1. Done..Part1. Intro-Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics...Done.pdf
1. Done..Part1. Intro-Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics...Done.pdf
FaroqEideh
Introduction to pharmacology
Introduction to pharmacology
Al Riyad Hasan
1. intro to pharmacology 1
1. intro to pharmacology 1
Dr Rajaram Powar
Pharmacology
Pharmacology
amitgajjar85
Pharmacology
Pharmacology
amitgajjar85
Pharmacology unit I.pptx
Pharmacology unit I.pptx
AsifAliLashari2
Introduction to pharmacology for PCL Nursing
Introduction to pharmacology for PCL Nursing
sarosem
Introduction and sources of drugs, routs of drug administration, principles ...
Introduction and sources of drugs, routs of drug administration, principles ...
Subramani Parasuraman
Introduction to pharmacology (For Allied health students)
Introduction to pharmacology (For Allied health students)
Subramani Parasuraman
1_INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY.pptx
1_INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY.pptx
LolaXera1
1.introduction to pharmacology
1.introduction to pharmacology
Saroj Suwal
Chapter 2 - Pharmacology.pdf
Chapter 2 - Pharmacology.pdf
ShotosroyRoyTirtho
Anti-inflammatory agents and nsaids
Anti-inflammatory agents and nsaids
Umair hanif
Similar a Pharmacologic principles
(20)
pharmacologic principles
pharmacologic principles
Introduction Medication Administration
Introduction Medication Administration
Pharmacology basic concept
Pharmacology basic concept
HISTORY pharmacology DRUG NOMENCLATURE CLINICAL TRIALS.PDF
HISTORY pharmacology DRUG NOMENCLATURE CLINICAL TRIALS.PDF
Introduction-Scope-of-Pharmacology.pdf
Introduction-Scope-of-Pharmacology.pdf
1_Midwifery_introduction_to_pharmacology_and_pharmacokinetics_2015.pptx
1_Midwifery_introduction_to_pharmacology_and_pharmacokinetics_2015.pptx
Pharmacology basics principles
Pharmacology basics principles
1. Done..Part1. Intro-Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics...Done.pdf
1. Done..Part1. Intro-Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics...Done.pdf
Introduction to pharmacology
Introduction to pharmacology
1. intro to pharmacology 1
1. intro to pharmacology 1
Pharmacology
Pharmacology
Pharmacology
Pharmacology
Pharmacology unit I.pptx
Pharmacology unit I.pptx
Introduction to pharmacology for PCL Nursing
Introduction to pharmacology for PCL Nursing
Introduction and sources of drugs, routs of drug administration, principles ...
Introduction and sources of drugs, routs of drug administration, principles ...
Introduction to pharmacology (For Allied health students)
Introduction to pharmacology (For Allied health students)
1_INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY.pptx
1_INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY.pptx
1.introduction to pharmacology
1.introduction to pharmacology
Chapter 2 - Pharmacology.pdf
Chapter 2 - Pharmacology.pdf
Anti-inflammatory agents and nsaids
Anti-inflammatory agents and nsaids
Más de Umair hanif
pharmaceutics
pharmaceutics
Umair hanif
evaporators
evaporators
Umair hanif
Headache
Headache
Umair hanif
Viscosity and its determination
Viscosity and its determination
Umair hanif
Cytarabine
Cytarabine
Umair hanif
Clinical application of statistical analysis
Clinical application of statistical analysis
Umair hanif
Specific immunity and its applications
Specific immunity and its applications
Umair hanif
Immunopathology
Immunopathology
Umair hanif
Human natural defence system
Human natural defence system
Umair hanif
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering
Umair hanif
Dna & gene therapy
Dna & gene therapy
Umair hanif
fluoroquinolones
fluoroquinolones
Umair hanif
An introduction to the viruses
An introduction to the viruses
Umair hanif
1 introduction to microbiology
1 introduction to microbiology
Umair hanif
Anti-seizure drugs
Anti-seizure drugs
Umair hanif
Anxiolytic drugs
Anxiolytic drugs
Umair hanif
Anti-epiliptic drugs
Anti-epiliptic drugs
Umair hanif
Cancer chemotherapy
Cancer chemotherapy
Umair hanif
Anti hypertensives agents
Anti hypertensives agents
Umair hanif
Anti-malarial,antiprotozoal,and antihelmintic agents
Anti-malarial,antiprotozoal,and antihelmintic agents
Umair hanif
Más de Umair hanif
(20)
pharmaceutics
pharmaceutics
evaporators
evaporators
Headache
Headache
Viscosity and its determination
Viscosity and its determination
Cytarabine
Cytarabine
Clinical application of statistical analysis
Clinical application of statistical analysis
Specific immunity and its applications
Specific immunity and its applications
Immunopathology
Immunopathology
Human natural defence system
Human natural defence system
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering
Dna & gene therapy
Dna & gene therapy
fluoroquinolones
fluoroquinolones
An introduction to the viruses
An introduction to the viruses
1 introduction to microbiology
1 introduction to microbiology
Anti-seizure drugs
Anti-seizure drugs
Anxiolytic drugs
Anxiolytic drugs
Anti-epiliptic drugs
Anti-epiliptic drugs
Cancer chemotherapy
Cancer chemotherapy
Anti hypertensives agents
Anti hypertensives agents
Anti-malarial,antiprotozoal,and antihelmintic agents
Anti-malarial,antiprotozoal,and antihelmintic agents
Último
Role Of Transgenic Animal In Target Validation-1.pptx
Role Of Transgenic Animal In Target Validation-1.pptx
NikitaBankoti2
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docx
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docx
PoojaSen20
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
RamjanShidvankar
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
Admir Softic
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
Poonam Aher Patil
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
VishalSingh1417
ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
AreebaZafar22
Unit-IV; Professional Sales Representative (PSR).pptx
Unit-IV; Professional Sales Representative (PSR).pptx
VishalSingh1417
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
jbellavia9
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
Celine George
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
TechSoup
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
bronxfugly43
On National Teacher Day, meet the 2024-25 Kenan Fellows
On National Teacher Day, meet the 2024-25 Kenan Fellows
Mebane Rash
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
VishalSingh1417
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
PECB
microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
Maksud Ahmed
Food Chain and Food Web (Ecosystem) EVS, B. Pharmacy 1st Year, Sem-II
Food Chain and Food Web (Ecosystem) EVS, B. Pharmacy 1st Year, Sem-II
Shubhangi Sonawane
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
ciinovamais
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
christianmathematics
Último
(20)
Role Of Transgenic Animal In Target Validation-1.pptx
Role Of Transgenic Animal In Target Validation-1.pptx
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docx
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docx
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
Unit-V; Pricing (Pharma Marketing Management).pptx
ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
Unit-IV; Professional Sales Representative (PSR).pptx
Unit-IV; Professional Sales Representative (PSR).pptx
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
On National Teacher Day, meet the 2024-25 Kenan Fellows
On National Teacher Day, meet the 2024-25 Kenan Fellows
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
Food Chain and Food Web (Ecosystem) EVS, B. Pharmacy 1st Year, Sem-II
Food Chain and Food Web (Ecosystem) EVS, B. Pharmacy 1st Year, Sem-II
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
Pharmacologic principles
1.
Pharmacologic Principles Copyright ©
2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
2.
Pharmacologic Principles
Drug • Any chemical that affects the processes of a living organism Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
3.
Pharmacologic Principles
Pharmacology • The study or science of drugs Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
4.
Pharmacologic Principles: Drug
Names Chemical name • The drug’s chemical composition and molecular structure Generic name (nonproprietary name) • Name given by the United States Adopted Name Council Trade name (proprietary name) • The drug has a registered trademark; use of the name restricted by the drug’s owner (usually the manufacturer) Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
5.
Pharmacologic Principles: Drug
Names Chemical name • (+/-)-2-(p-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid Generic name • ibuprofen Trade name • Motrin Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
6.
Instructors may wish
to use EIC Image #3: The Chemical, Generic, and Trade Names for the Common Analgesic Ibuprofen Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
7.
Pharmacologic Principles
• Pharmaceutics • Pharmacokinetics • Pharmacodynamics • Pharmacotherapeutics • Pharmacognosy Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
8.
Pharmacologic Principles
Pharmaceutics • The study of how various drug forms influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activities Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
9.
Pharmacologic Principles
Pharmacokinetics • The study of what the body does to the drug: – Absorption – Distribution – Metabolism – Excretion Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
10.
Pharmacologic Principles
Pharmacodynamics • The study of what the drug does to the body: – The mechanism of drug actions in living tissues Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
11.
Pharmacologic Principles
Pharmacotherapeutics • The use of drugs and the clinical indications for drugs to prevent and treat diseases Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
12.
Pharmacologic Principles
Pharmacognosy • The study of natural (plant and animal) drug sources Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
13.
Drug Absorption of
Various Oral Preparations Liquids, elixirs, syrups Fastest Suspension solutions Powders Capsules Tablets Coated tablets Enteric-coated tablets Slowest Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
14.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption
• The rate at which a drug leaves its site of administration, and the extent to which absorption occurs. – Bioavailability – Bioequivalent Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
15.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption
Factors That Affect Absorption • Administration route of the drug • Food or fluids administered with the drug • Dosage formulation • Status of the absorptive surface • Rate of blood flow to the small intestine • Acidity of the stomach • Status of GI motility Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
16.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption
Routes • A drug’s route of administration affects the rate and extent of absorption of that drug. – Enteral – Parenteral – Topical Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
17.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption
Enteral Route • Drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation through the oral or gastric mucosa, the small intestine, or rectum. – Oral – Sublingual – Buccal – Rectal Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
18.
First-Pass Effect The
metabolism of a drug and its passage from the liver into the circulation. • A drug given via the oral route may be extensively metabolized by the liver before reaching the systemic circulation (high first-pass effect). • The same drug—given IV—bypasses the liver, preventing the first-pass effect from taking place, and more drug reaches the circulation. Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
19.
Instructors may want
to use EIC Image #4: First-Pass Effect Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
20.
First-Pass Effect
• Routes that bypass the liver: – Sublingual Transdermal – Buccal Vaginal – Rectal* Intramuscular – Intravenous Subcutaneous – Intranasal Inhalation *Rectal route undergoes a higher degree of first- pass effects than the other routes listed. Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
21.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption Parenteral
Route • Intravenous* • Intramuscular • Subcutaneous • Intradermal • Intrathecal • Intraarticular *Fastest delivery into the blood circulation Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
22.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption
Topical Route • Skin (including transdermal patches) • Eyes • Ears • Nose • Lungs (inhalation) • Vagina Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
23.
Pharmacokinetics: Distribution
The transport of a drug in the body by the bloodstream to its site of action. • Protein-binding • Water soluble vs. fat soluble • Blood-brain barrier • Areas of rapid distribution: heart, liver, kidneys, brain • Areas of slow distribution: muscle, skin, fat Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
24.
Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism
(also known as Biotransformation) The biologic transformation of a drug into an inactive metabolite, a more soluble compound, or a more potent metabolite. • Liver (main organ) • Kidneys • Lungs • Plasma • Intestinal mucosa Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
25.
Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism
Factors that decrease metabolism: • Cardiovascular dysfunction • Renal insufficiency • Starvation • Obstructive jaundice • Slow acetylator • Erythromycin or ketoconazole drug therapy Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
26.
Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism
Factors that increase metabolism: • Fast acetylator • Barbiturates • Rifampin therapy Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
27.
Pharmacokinetics: Metabolism
Delayed drug metabolism results in: • Accumulation of drugs • Prolonged action of the effects of the drugs Stimulating drug metabolism causes: • Diminished pharmacologic effects Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
28.
Pharmacokinetics: Excretion
The elimination of drugs from the body • Kidneys (main organ) • Liver • Bowel – Biliary excretion – Enterohepatic circulation Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
29.
Instructors may wish
to use EIC Image #5: Renal Drug Excretion Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
30.
Pharmacokinetics Half-Life
• The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug in the body to be removed. • A measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body. Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
31.
Instructors may wish
to use EIC Image #6: Drug Half-Life Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
32.
Pharmacodynamics Drug
actions: • The cellular processes involved in the drug and cell interaction Drug effect: • The physiologic reaction of the body to the drug Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
33.
Pharmacodynamics Onset
• The time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response Peak • The time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response Duration • The time a drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
34.
Pharmacodynamics: Mechanisms
of Action The ways by which drugs can produce therapeutic effects: • Once the drug is at the site of action, it can modify the rate (increase or decrease) at which the cells or tissues function. • A drug cannot make a cell or tissue perform a function it was not designed to perform. Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
35.
Pharmacodynamics: Mechanisms
of Action • Receptor interaction • Enzyme interaction • Nonspecific interactions Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
36.
Instructors may wish
to insert EIC Image #2: Drugs and Receptors and possibly EIC Image #7: Drug-Receptor Interactions: Definitions Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
37.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Types
of Therapies • Acute therapy • Maintenance therapy • Supplemental therapy • Palliative therapy • Supportive therapy • Prophylactic therapy Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
38.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
• The effectiveness of the drug therapy must be evaluated. • One must be familiar with the drug’s • intended therapeutic action (beneficial) • and the drug’s unintended but potential side effects (predictable, adverse drug reactions). Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
39.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
• Therapeutic index • Drug concentration • Patient’s condition • Tolerance and dependence • Interactions • Side effects/adverse drug effects Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
40.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
Therapeutic Index • The ratio between a drug’s therapeutic benefits and its toxic effects Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
41.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
Tolerance • A decreasing response to repetitive drug doses Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
42.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
Dependence • A physiologic or psychological need for a drug Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
43.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
Interactions may occur with other drugs or food • Drug interactions: the alteration of action of a drug by: – Other prescribed drugs – Over-the-counter medications – Herbal therapies Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
44.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
Interactions • Additive effect • Synergistic effect • Antagonistic effect • Incompatibility Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
45.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
Medication Misadventures Adverse drug events • ALL are preventable • Medication errors that result in patient harm Adverse drug reactions • Inherent, not preventable event occurring in the normal therapeutic use of a drug • Any reaction that is unexpected, undesirable, and occurs at doses normally used Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
46.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
Some adverse drug reactions are classified as side effects. • Expected, well-known reactions that result in little or no change in patient management • Predictable frequency • The effect’s intensity and occurrence is related to the size of the dose Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
47.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
Adverse Drug Reaction An undesirable response to drug therapy • Idiosyncratic • Hypersensitivity reactions • Drug interactions Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
48.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
Iatrogenic Responses Unintentional adverse effects that are treatment-induced • Dermatologic • Renal damage • Blood dyscrasias • Hepatic toxicity Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
49.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Monitoring
Other Drug-Related Effects • Teratogenic • Mutagenic • Carcinogenic Copyright © 2002, 1998, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
Descargar ahora